Recent Developments in Myofibroblast Biology

Hinz, 2007, The myofibroblast: one function, multiple origins, Am J Pathol, 170, 1807, 10.2353/ajpath.2007.070112

Luco, 2011, Epigenetics in alternative pre-mRNA splicing, Cell, 144, 16, 10.1016/j.cell.2010.11.056

Hinz, 2010, The myofibroblast: paradigm for a mechanically active cell, J Biomech, 43, 146, 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2009.09.020

van den Borne, 2010, Myocardial remodeling after infarction: the role of myofibroblasts, Nat Rev Cardiol, 7, 30, 10.1038/nrcardio.2009.199

Coen, 2011, Myofibroblast-mediated adventitial remodeling: an underestimated player in arterial pathology, Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, 31, 2391, 10.1161/ATVBAHA.111.231548

Mareel, 2009, Cancer invasion and metastasis: interacting ecosystems, Virchows Arch, 454, 599, 10.1007/s00428-009-0784-0

Follonier Castella, 2010, Regulation of myofibroblast activities: calcium pulls some strings behind the scene, Exp Cell Res, 316, 2390, 10.1016/j.yexcr.2010.04.033

Follonier Castella, 2010, A new lock-step mechanism of matrix remodelling based on subcellular contractile events, J Cell Sci, 123, 1751, 10.1242/jcs.066795

Christian, 2008, Endosialin (Tem1) is a marker of tumor-associated myofibroblasts and tumor vessel-associated mural cells, Am J Pathol, 172, 486, 10.2353/ajpath.2008.070623

Tan, 2010, Investigating the role of P311 in the hypertrophic scar, PLoS One, 5, e9995, 10.1371/journal.pone.0009995

Carracedo, 2010, The fibroblast integrin alpha11beta1 is induced in a mechanosensitive manner involving activin A and regulates myofibroblast differentiation, J Biol Chem, 285, 10434, 10.1074/jbc.M109.078766

Lenga, 2008, Osteopontin expression is required for myofibroblast differentiation, Circ Res, 102, 319, 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.107.160408

Vi, 2009, Periostin differentially induces proliferation, contraction and apoptosis of primary Dupuytren's disease and adjacent palmar fascia cells, Exp Cell Res, 315, 3574, 10.1016/j.yexcr.2009.07.015

Darby, 2010, Proteomic analysis of differentially expressed proteins in peripheral cholangiocarcinoma, Cancer Microenviron, 4, 73, 10.1007/s12307-010-0047-2

Hu, 2003, Smad3 mediates transforming growth factor-beta-induced alpha-smooth muscle actin expression, Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol, 29, 397, 10.1165/rcmb.2003-0063OC

Hu, 2011, Essential role of MeCP2 in the regulation of myofibroblast differentiation during pulmonary fibrosis, Am J Pathol, 178, 1500, 10.1016/j.ajpath.2011.01.002

Phan, 2008, Biology of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts, Proc Am Thorac Soc, 5, 334, 10.1513/pats.200708-146DR

Pandit, 2010, Inhibition and role of let-7d in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 182, 220, 10.1164/rccm.200911-1698OC

Sandbo, 2009, Critical role of serum response factor in pulmonary myofibroblast differentiation induced by TGF-beta, Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol, 41, 332, 10.1165/rcmb.2008-0288OC

Chan, 2010, Mechanical induction of gene expression in connective tissue cells, Methods Cell Biol, 98, 178, 10.1016/S0091-679X(10)98008-4

Gan, 2007, Smooth muscle cells and myofibroblasts use distinct transcriptional mechanisms for smooth muscle alpha-actin expression, Circ Res, 101, 883, 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.107.154831

Cogan, 2002, Vascular smooth muscle alpha-actin gene transcription during myofibroblast differentiation requires Sp1/3 protein binding proximal to the MCAT enhancer, J Biol Chem, 277, 36433, 10.1074/jbc.M203232200

Hu, 2007, An essential role for CCAAT/enhancer binding protein beta in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis, J Pathol, 211, 455, 10.1002/path.2119

Noseda, 2006, Smooth muscle alpha-actin is a direct target of Notch/CSL, Circ Res, 98, 1468, 10.1161/01.RES.0000229683.81357.26

Buck, 2000, c-Myb modulates transcription of the alpha-smooth muscle actin gene in activated hepatic stellate cells, Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol, 278, G321, 10.1152/ajpgi.2000.278.2.G321

Small, 2010, Myocardin-related transcription factor-a controls myofibroblast activation and fibrosis in response to myocardial infarction, Circ Res, 107, 294, 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.110.223172

Masszi, 2010, Fate-determining mechanisms in epithelial-myofibroblast transition: major inhibitory role for Smad3, J Cell Biol, 188, 383, 10.1083/jcb.200906155

Crider, 2011, Myocardin-related transcription factors A and B are key regulators of TGF-β1-induced fibroblast to myofibroblast differentiation, J Invest Dermatol, 131, 2378, 10.1038/jid.2011.219

Wang, 2006, Association between enhanced type I collagen expression and epigenetic repression of the FLI1 gene in scleroderma fibroblasts, Arthritis Rheum, 54, 2271, 10.1002/art.21948

Mann, 2010, MeCP2 controls an epigenetic pathway that promotes myofibroblast transdifferentiation and fibrosis, Gastroenterology, 138, 705, 10.1053/j.gastro.2009.10.002

Hu, 2007, Gut-enriched Kruppel-like factor interaction with Smad3 inhibits myofibroblast differentiation, Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol, 36, 78, 10.1165/rcmb.2006-0043OC

Burgess, 2005, PPARgamma agonists inhibit TGF-beta induced pulmonary myofibroblast differentiation and collagen production: implications for therapy of lung fibrosis, Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, 288, L1146, 10.1152/ajplung.00383.2004

Hu, 2010, Nkx2.5/Csx represses myofibroblast differentiation, Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol, 42, 218, 10.1165/rcmb.2008-0404OC

Zhang, 2005, YB-1 coordinates vascular smooth muscle alpha-actin gene activation by transforming growth factor beta1 and thrombin during differentiation of human pulmonary myofibroblasts, Mol Biol Cell, 16, 4931, 10.1091/mbc.e05-03-0216

Bechtel, 2010, Methylation determines fibroblast activation and fibrogenesis in the kidney, Nat Med, 16, 544, 10.1038/nm.2135

Glenisson, 2007, Histone deacetylase 4 is required for TGFbeta1-induced myofibroblastic differentiation, Biochim Biophys Acta, 1773, 1572, 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2007.05.016

Guo, 2009, Abrogation of TGF-beta1-induced fibroblast-myofibroblast differentiation by histone deacetylase inhibition, Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, 297, L864, 10.1152/ajplung.00128.2009

Kato, 2011, A microRNA circuit mediates transforming growth factor-beta1 autoregulation in renal glomerular mesangial cells, Kidney Int, 80, 358, 10.1038/ki.2011.43

Liu, 2010, miR-21 mediates fibrogenic activation of pulmonary fibroblasts and lung fibrosis, J Exp Med, 207, 1589, 10.1084/jem.20100035

Kato, 2009, TGF-beta activates Akt kinase through a microRNA-dependent amplifying circuit targeting PTEN, Nat Cell Biol, 11, 881, 10.1038/ncb1897

Kato, 2010, Post-transcriptional up-regulation of Tsc-22 by Ybx1, a target of miR-216a, mediates TGF-{beta}-induced collagen expression in kidney cells, J Biol Chem, 285, 34004, 10.1074/jbc.M110.165027

Hu, 2010, Epigenetic regulation of myofibroblast differentiation by DNA methylation, Am J Pathol, 177, 21, 10.2353/ajpath.2010.090999

Chau, 2011, What goes up must come down: the emerging role of microRNA in fibrosis, Hepatology, 53, 4, 10.1002/hep.24071

Maurer, 2010, MicroRNA-29, a key regulator of collagen expression in systemic sclerosis, Arthritis Rheum, 62, 1733, 10.1002/art.27443

Cushing, 2011, miR-29 is a major regulator of genes associated with pulmonary fibrosis, Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol, 45, 287, 10.1165/rcmb.2010-0323OC

van Rooij, 2008, Dysregulation of microRNAs after myocardial infarction reveals a role of miR-29 in cardiac fibrosis, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 105, 13027, 10.1073/pnas.0805038105

Roderburg, 2011, Micro-RNA profiling reveals a role for miR-29 in human and murine liver fibrosis, Hepatology, 53, 209, 10.1002/hep.23922

Wang, 2012, Suppression of microRNA-29 expression by TGF-beta1 promotes collagen expression and renal fibrosis, J Am Soc Nephrol, 23, 252, 10.1681/ASN.2011010055

Wang, 2010, miR-200a prevents renal fibrogenesis through repression of TGF-beta2 expression, Diabetes, 60, 280, 10.2337/db10-0892

Wipff, 2008, Integrins and the activation of latent transforming growth factor beta1: an intimate relationship, Eur J Cell Biol, 87, 601, 10.1016/j.ejcb.2008.01.012

Varga, 2007, Systemic sclerosis: a prototypic multisystem fibrotic disorder, J Clin Invest, 117, 557, 10.1172/JCI31139

Varga, 2009, Transforming growth factor beta as a therapeutic target in systemic sclerosis, Nat Rev Rheumatol, 5, 200, 10.1038/nrrheum.2009.26

Kim, 2009, Epithelial cell alpha3beta1 integrin links beta-catenin and Smad signaling to promote myofibroblast formation and pulmonary fibrosis, J Clin Invest, 119, 213

Liu, 2009, Notch1 signaling in FIZZ1 induction of myofibroblast differentiation, Am J Pathol, 174, 1745, 10.2353/ajpath.2009.080618

Mimura, 2005, Constitutive phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase is involved in the myofibroblast differentiation of scleroderma fibroblasts, J Invest Dermatol, 124, 886, 10.1111/j.0022-202X.2005.23701.x

Hecker, 2009, NADPH oxidase-4 mediates myofibroblast activation and fibrogenic responses to lung injury, Nat Med, 15, 1077, 10.1038/nm.2005

Amara, 2010, NOX4/NADPH oxidase expression is increased in pulmonary fibroblasts from patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and mediates TGFbeta1-induced fibroblast differentiation into myofibroblasts, Thorax, 65, 733, 10.1136/thx.2009.113456

Carnesecchi, 2011, A key role for NOX4 in epithelial cell death during development of lung fibrosis, Antioxid Redox Signal, 15, 607, 10.1089/ars.2010.3829

Waghray, 2005, Hydrogen peroxide is a diffusible paracrine signal for the induction of epithelial cell death by activated myofibroblasts, FASEB J, 19, 854, 10.1096/fj.04-2882fje

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Jiang, 2010, Inhibition of pulmonary fibrosis in mice by CXCL10 requires glycosaminoglycan binding and syndecan-4, J Clin Invest, 120, 2049, 10.1172/JCI38644

Wells, 2008, The role of matrix stiffness in regulating cell behavior, Hepatology, 47, 1394, 10.1002/hep.22193

Grinnell, 2010, Cell motility and mechanics in three-dimensional collagen matrices, Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol, 26, 335, 10.1146/annurev.cellbio.042308.113318

Wipff, 2007, Myofibroblast contraction activates latent TGF-beta1 from the extracellular matrix, J Cell Biol, 179, 1311, 10.1083/jcb.200704042

Zhou, 2010, Thy-1-integrin alphav beta5 interactions inhibit lung fibroblast contraction-induced latent transforming growth factor-beta1 activation and myofibroblast differentiation, J Biol Chem, 285, 22382, 10.1074/jbc.M110.126227

Sambo, 2001, Oxidative stress in scleroderma: maintenance of scleroderma fibroblast phenotype by the constitutive up-regulation of reactive oxygen species generation through the NADPH oxidase complex pathway, Arthritis Rheum, 44, 2653, 10.1002/1529-0131(200111)44:11<2653::AID-ART445>3.0.CO;2-1

Toullec, 2010, Oxidative stress promotes myofibroblast differentiation and tumour spreading, EMBO Mol Med, 2, 211, 10.1002/emmm.201000073

Georges, 2007, Increased stiffness of the rat liver precedes matrix deposition: implications for fibrosis, Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol, 293, G1147, 10.1152/ajpgi.00032.2007

Barry-Hamilton, 2010, Allosteric inhibition of lysyl oxidase-like-2 impedes the development of a pathologic microenvironment, Nat Med, 16, 1009, 10.1038/nm.2208

Barker, 2011, LOXL2-mediated matrix remodeling in metastasis and mammary gland involution, Cancer Res, 71, 1561, 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-10-2868

van der Slot, 2003, Identification of PLOD2 as telopeptide lysyl hydroxylase, an important enzyme in fibrosis, J Biol Chem, 278, 40967, 10.1074/jbc.M307380200

Elkabets, 2011, Human tumors instigate granulin-expressing hematopoietic cells that promote malignancy by activating stromal fibroblasts in mice, J Clin Invest, 121, 784, 10.1172/JCI43757

Yang, 2010, Epithelial cell cycle arrest in G2/M mediates kidney fibrosis after injury, Nat Med, 16, 535, 10.1038/nm.2144

Leask, 2010, Potential therapeutic targets for cardiac fibrosis: TGFbeta, angiotensin, endothelin, CCN2, and PDGF, partners in fibroblast activation, Circ Res, 106, 1675, 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.110.217737

Kohan, 2010, EDA-containing cellular fibronectin induces fibroblast differentiation through binding to alpha4beta7 integrin receptor and MAPK/Erk 1/2-dependent signaling, FASEB J, 24, 4503, 10.1096/fj.10-154435

Muro, 2008, An essential role for fibronectin extra type III domain A in pulmonary fibrosis, Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 177, 638, 10.1164/rccm.200708-1291OC

Bielesz, 2010, Epithelial Notch signaling regulates interstitial fibrosis development in the kidneys of mice and humans, J Clin Invest, 120, 4040, 10.1172/JCI43025

Liu, 2010, Feedback amplification of fibrosis through matrix stiffening and COX-2 suppression, J Cell Biol, 190, 693, 10.1083/jcb.201004082

Olsen, 2011, Hepatic stellate cells require a stiff environment for myofibroblastic differentiation, Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol, 301, G110, 10.1152/ajpgi.00412.2010

Bissell, 2011, Why don't we get more cancer?, Nat Med, 17, 320, 10.1038/nm.2328

Buscemi, 2011, The single-molecule mechanics of the latent TGF-beta1 complex, Curr Biol, 21, 2046, 10.1016/j.cub.2011.11.037

Shi, 2011, Latent TGF-beta structure and activation, Nature, 474, 343, 10.1038/nature10152

Ramirez, 2009, Extracellular microfibrils: contextual platforms for TGFbeta and BMP signaling, Curr Opin Cell Biol, 21, 616, 10.1016/j.ceb.2009.05.005

Bailey, 2008, Sonic hedgehog promotes desmoplasia in pancreatic cancer, Clin Cancer Res, 14, 5995, 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-08-0291

Larsson, 2008, Fibrotic myofibroblasts manifest genome-wide derangements of translational control, PLoS One, 3, e3220, 10.1371/journal.pone.0003220

Sargent, 2011, Capturing the heterogeneity in systemic sclerosis with genome-wide expression profiling, Expert Rev Clin Immunol, 7, 463, 10.1586/eci.11.41

Wei, 2010, Fibrosis in systemic sclerosis: emerging concepts and implications for targeted therapy, Autoimmun Rev, 10, 267, 10.1016/j.autrev.2010.09.015

Gardner, 2006, Gene profiling of scleroderma skin reveals robust signatures of disease that are imperfectly reflected in the transcript profiles of explanted fibroblasts, Arthritis Rheum, 54, 1961, 10.1002/art.21894

Sanders, 2011, Epigenetic regulation of thy-1 by histone deacetylase inhibitor in rat lung fibroblasts, Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol, 45, 16, 10.1165/rcmb.2010-0154OC

Kis, 2011, Myofibroblast differentiation and survival in fibrotic disease, Expert Rev Mol Med, 13, e27, 10.1017/S1462399411001967

Xie, 2011, Comprehensive microRNA analysis in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis identifies multiple sites of molecular regulation, Physiol Genomics, 43, 479, 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00222.2010

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Rajkumar, 2005, Shared expression of phenotypic markers in systemic sclerosis indicates a convergence of pericytes and fibroblasts to a myofibroblast lineage in fibrosis, Arthritis Res Ther, 7, R1113, 10.1186/ar1790

Bayle, 2008, Increased expression of Wnt2 and SFRP4 in Tsk mouse skin: role of Wnt signaling in altered dermal fibrillin deposition and systemic sclerosis, J Invest Dermatol, 128, 871, 10.1038/sj.jid.5701101

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Kissin, 2006, Myofibroblasts and hyalinized collagen as markers of skin disease in systemic sclerosis, Arthritis Rheum, 54, 3655, 10.1002/art.22186

Li, 2011, Protein kinase Cδ and the c-Abl kinase are required for transforming growth factor β induction of endothelial-mesenchymal transition in vitro, Arthritis Rheum, 63, 2473, 10.1002/art.30317

Aden, 2010, Epithelial cells promote fibroblast activation via IL-1alpha in systemic sclerosis, J Invest Dermatol, 130, 2191, 10.1038/jid.2010.120

Zhou, 2009, Hypoxia-induced alveolar epithelial-mesenchymal transition requires mitochondrial ROS and hypoxia-inducible factor 1, Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, 297, L1120, 10.1152/ajplung.00007.2009

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Trojanowska, 2004, What did we learn by studying scleroderma fibroblasts?, Clin Exp Rheumatol, 22, S59

Kirk, 1995, Myofibroblasts from scleroderma skin synthesize elevated levels of collagen and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP-1) with two forms of TIMP-1, J Biol Chem, 270, 3423, 10.1074/jbc.270.7.3423

Jun, 2005, Scleroderma fibroblasts demonstrate enhanced activation of Akt (protein kinase B) in situ, J Invest Dermatol, 124, 298, 10.1111/j.0022-202X.2004.23559.x

Mori, 2003, Expression and regulation of intracellular SMAD signaling in scleroderma skin fibroblasts, Arthritis Rheum, 48, 1964, 10.1002/art.11157

Pannu, 2006, Increased levels of transforming growth factor beta receptor type I and up-regulation of matrix gene program: a model of scleroderma, Arthritis Rheum, 54, 3011, 10.1002/art.22063

Liu, 2011, Cellular and molecular mechanisms of renal fibrosis, Nat Rev Nephrol, 7, 684, 10.1038/nrneph.2011.149

Humphreys, 2010, Fate tracing reveals the pericyte and not epithelial origin of myofibroblasts in kidney fibrosis, Am J Pathol, 176, 85, 10.2353/ajpath.2010.090517

Lin, 2008, Pericytes and perivascular fibroblasts are the primary source of collagen-producing cells in obstructive fibrosis of the kidney, Am J Pathol, 173, 1617, 10.2353/ajpath.2008.080433

Zeisberg, 2004, The role of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in renal fibrosis, J Mol Med, 82, 175, 10.1007/s00109-003-0517-9

Inoue, 2009, A case report suggesting the occurrence of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in obstructive nephropathy, Clin Exp Nephrol, 13, 385, 10.1007/s10157-009-0168-4

Zeisberg, 2010, Resolved: EMT produces fibroblasts in the kidney, J Am Soc Nephrol, 21, 1247, 10.1681/ASN.2010060616

Popov, 2010, Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in liver fibrosis: dead or alive?, Gastroenterology, 139, 722, 10.1053/j.gastro.2010.07.015

Koesters, 2010, Tubular overexpression of transforming growth factor-beta1 induces autophagy and fibrosis but not mesenchymal transition of renal epithelial cells, Am J Pathol, 177, 632, 10.2353/ajpath.2010.091012

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Udo, 2010, Adipose tissue explants and MDCK cells reciprocally regulate their morphogenesis in coculture, Kidney Int, 78, 60, 10.1038/ki.2010.68

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Thannickal, 2004, Mechanisms of pulmonary fibrosis, Annu Rev Med, 55, 395, 10.1146/annurev.med.55.091902.103810

De Wever, 2008, Stromal myofibroblasts are drivers of invasive cancer growth, Int J Cancer, 123, 2229, 10.1002/ijc.23925

Evans, 1999, The attenuated fibroblast sheath of the respiratory tract epithelial-mesenchymal trophic unit, Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol, 21, 655, 10.1165/ajrcmb.21.6.3807

Araya, 2010, Fibrogenic reactions in lung disease, Annu Rev Pathol, 5, 77, 10.1146/annurev.pathol.4.110807.092217

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Thannickal, 2006, Evolving concepts of apoptosis in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, Proc Am Thorac Soc, 3, 350, 10.1513/pats.200601-001TK

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Horowitz, 2007, Combinatorial activation of FAK and AKT by transforming growth factor-beta1 confers an anoikis-resistant phenotype to myofibroblasts, Cell Signal, 19, 761, 10.1016/j.cellsig.2006.10.001

Vittal, 2005, Modulation of prosurvival signaling in fibroblasts by a protein kinase inhibitor protects against fibrotic tissue injury, Am J Pathol, 166, 367, 10.1016/S0002-9440(10)62260-2

Hecker, 2011, Reversible differentiation of myofibroblasts by MyoD, Exp Cell Res, 317, 1914, 10.1016/j.yexcr.2011.03.016

Hardie, 2009, Emerging concepts in the pathogenesis of lung fibrosis, Am J Pathol, 175, 3, 10.2353/ajpath.2009.081170

Friedman, 2010, Evolving challenges in hepatic fibrosis, Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol, 7, 425, 10.1038/nrgastro.2010.97

Desmoulière, 2007, Hepatic stellate cells: the only cells involved in liver fibrogenesis?, Gastroenterology, 132, 2059, 10.1053/j.gastro.2007.03.075

Dranoff, 2010, Portal fibroblasts: underappreciated mediators of biliary fibrosis, Hepatology, 51, 1438, 10.1002/hep.23405

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Webber, 2010, Cancer exosomes trigger fibroblast to myofibroblast differentiation, Cancer Res, 70, 9621, 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-10-1722

Duda, 2010, Malignant cells facilitate lung metastasis by bringing their own soil, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 107, 21677, 10.1073/pnas.1016234107

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Trimboli, 2009, Pten in stromal fibroblasts suppresses mammary epithelial tumours, Nature, 461, 1084, 10.1038/nature08486

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Gonzalez-Cadavid, 2010, Treatment of Peyronie's disease with PDE5 inhibitors: an antifibrotic strategy, Nat Rev Urol, 7, 215, 10.1038/nrurol.2010.24

Hinz, 2002, The NH2-terminal peptide of alpha-smooth muscle actin inhibits force generation by the myofibroblast in vitro and in vivo, J Cell Biol, 157, 657, 10.1083/jcb.200201049