Re-examination of chewing and spitting behavior: characteristics within and across eating disorder diagnoses
Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity - Tập 19 Số 3 - Trang 315-320 - 2014
Tóm tắt
Chewing and spitting (CS) out food is a relatively understudied eating disorder behavior. The aim of this study was to examine lifetime and current frequencies of CS across eating disorder diagnostic groups and to compare the severity of eating disorder symptomatology between participants who did and did not endorse CS. A total of 972 individuals presenting for outpatient eating disorder treatment between 1985 and 1996 completed a questionnaire that included items regarding current and lifetime eating disorder behaviors, including CS. Results indicated that both lifetime and current prevalence estimates of CS varied cross-diagnostically, with CS being more common among those with anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa compared to those with eating disorder not otherwise specified. CS was significantly associated with several eating disorder symptoms, including compensatory behaviors, meal restriction, and lower BMI. Those who reported CS were also younger in age compared to those who did not report CS. These findings indicate that CS is associated with more severe eating and weight pathology and is not equally prevalent across eating disorder diagnoses. These results also support the relatively high occurrence of CS and the importance of targeting this behavior in eating disorder treatment. Future research should clarify the correlates, mechanisms, and function of CS in eating disorders.
Tài liệu tham khảo
citation_journal_title=Psychosomatics; citation_title=Chewing and spitting associated with a protein sparing modified fast and psychosocial stressors; citation_author=GR Smith, RL Ross; citation_volume=30; citation_publication_date=1989; citation_pages=224-226; citation_doi=10.1016/S0033-3182(89)72305-7; citation_id=CR1
citation_journal_title=Br J Psychiatry; citation_title=The clinical features of bulimia nervosa; citation_author=CG Fairburn, PJ Cooper; citation_volume=144; citation_publication_date=1984; citation_pages=238-246; citation_doi=10.1192/bjp.144.3.238; citation_id=CR2
citation_journal_title=Eat Behav; citation_title=Chewing and spitting in eating disorders and its relationship to binge eating; citation_author=AS Guarda, JW Coughlin, M Cummings, A Marinilli, N Haug, M Boucher; citation_volume=5; citation_publication_date=2004; citation_pages=231-239; citation_doi=10.1016/j.eatbeh.2004.01.001; citation_id=CR3
citation_journal_title=Int J Eat Disord; citation_title=Chewing and spitting out food among eating-disordered patients; citation_author=D Kovacs, J Mahon, RL Palmer; citation_volume=32; citation_publication_date=2002; citation_pages=112-115; citation_doi=10.1002/eat.10073; citation_id=CR4
citation_journal_title=Am J Psychiatry; citation_title=Characteristics of 275 patients with bulimia; citation_author=JE Mitchell, D Hatsukami, ED Eckert, RL Pyle; citation_volume=142; citation_publication_date=1985; citation_pages=482-485; citation_id=CR5
citation_journal_title=Psychosomatics; citation_title=Chewing and spitting out food as a clinical feature of bulimia; citation_author=JE Mitchell, R Pyle, D Hatsukami, E Eckert; citation_volume=29; citation_publication_date=1988; citation_pages=81-84; citation_doi=10.1016/S0033-3182(88)72425-1; citation_id=CR6
citation_journal_title=Int J Eat Disord; citation_title=Chewing and spitting out food—a neglected symptom?; citation_author=R McCutcheon, A Nolan; citation_volume=17; citation_publication_date=1995; citation_pages=197-200; citation_doi=10.1002/1098-108X(199503)17:2<197::AID-EAT2260170214>3.0.CO;2-Q; citation_id=CR7
citation_journal_title=Int J Psychiatry Clin Pract; citation_title=Chewing and spitting out food in eating disorder; citation_author=M Zwaan; citation_volume=1; citation_publication_date=1997; citation_pages=37-38; citation_doi=10.3109/13651509709069203; citation_id=CR8
citation_journal_title=Psychopharmacol Bull; citation_title=Eating disorders questionnaire; citation_author=J Mitchell, D Hatsukami, E Eckert, R Pyle; citation_volume=21; citation_publication_date=1985; citation_pages=1025-1043; citation_id=CR9
citation_journal_title=J Psychosom Res; citation_title=Assessment of eating disorders: comparison of interview and questionnaire data from a long-term follow-up study of bulimia nervosa; citation_author=PK Keel, S Crow, TL Davis, JE Mitchell; citation_volume=53; citation_publication_date=2002; citation_pages=1043-1047; citation_doi=10.1016/S0022-3999(02)00491-9; citation_id=CR10
citation_journal_title=Am J Psychiatry; citation_title=Increased mortality in bulimia nervosa and other eating disorders; citation_author=SJ Crow, CB Peterson, SA Swanson, NC Raymond, S Specker, ED Eckert; citation_volume=166; citation_publication_date=2009; citation_pages=1342-1346; citation_doi=10.1176/appi.ajp.2009.09020247; citation_id=CR11
American Psychiatric Association (2000) Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 4th edn. Washington, DC
R Core Team (2013) R: a language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. ISBN 3-9000051-07-0.
http://www.R-project.org/
citation_title=Cognitive behavior therapy and eating disorders; citation_publication_date=2008; citation_id=CR14; citation_author=CG Fairburn; citation_publisher=Guilford
citation_journal_title=J Consult Clin Psychol; citation_title=Daily and momentary mood and stress are associated with binge eating and vomiting in bulimia nervosa patients in the natural environment; citation_author=JM Smyth, SA Wonderlich, KE Heron, MJ Sliwinski, RD Crosby, JE Mitchell; citation_volume=75; citation_publication_date=2007; citation_pages=629-638; citation_doi=10.1037/0022-006X.75.4.629; citation_id=CR15
citation_journal_title=Annu Rev Clin Psychol; citation_title=Ecological momentary assessment; citation_author=S Shiffman, AA Stone, MR Hufford; citation_volume=4; citation_publication_date=2008; citation_pages=1-32; citation_doi=10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.3.022806.091415; citation_id=CR16
citation_journal_title=J Adolesc Health; citation_title=The development of associations among body mass index, body dissatisfaction, and weight and shape concern in adolescent boys and girls; citation_author=JP Calzo, KR Sonneville, J Haines, EA Blood, AE Field, SB Austin; citation_volume=51; citation_publication_date=2012; citation_pages=517-523; citation_doi=10.1016/j.jadohealth.2012.02.021; citation_id=CR17
citation_journal_title=Surg Obes Relat Dis; citation_title=Comprehensive interview assessment of eating behavior 18–35 months after gastric bypass surgery for morbid obesity; citation_author=M Zwaan, A Hilbert, L Swan-Kremeier, H Simonich, K Lancaster, LM Howell; citation_volume=6; citation_publication_date=2010; citation_pages=79-85; citation_doi=10.1016/j.soard.2009.08.011; citation_id=CR18