Rare Cardiac Emergencies: Aortic Dissection, Pulmonary Hypertensive Crisis, and Pulmonary Embolism

Clinical Pediatric Emergency Medicine - Tập 19 - Trang 373-380 - 2018
Amanda Hauck1, Joseph Camarda1
1Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL

Tài liệu tham khảo

D'Alonzo, 1991, Survival in patients with primary pulmonary hypertension: results from a national prospective registry, Ann Intern Med, 115, 343, 10.7326/0003-4819-115-5-343 Simonneau, 2013, Updated clinical classification of pulmonary hypertension, J Am Coll Cardiol, 62, D34, 10.1016/j.jacc.2013.10.029 Berger, 2012, Clinical features of paediatric pulmonary hypertension: a registry study, Lancet, 379, 537, 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)61621-8 Barst, 2012, Survival in childhood pulmonary arterial hypertension: insights from the registry to evaluate early and long-term pulmonary arterial hypertension disease management, Circulation, 125, 113, 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.026591 Stein, 2015, Scope of problem of pulmonary arterial hypertension, Am J Med, 128, 844, 10.1016/j.amjmed.2015.03.007 Taquini, 1960, Behavior of the right ventricle following acute constriction of the pulmonary artery, Circ Res, 8, 315, 10.1161/01.RES.8.2.315 Watts, 2010, Right ventricular heart failure from pulmonary embolism: key distinctions from chronic pulmonary hypertension, J Card Fail, 16, 250, 10.1016/j.cardfail.2009.11.008 Vonk-Noordegraaf, 2013, Right heart adaptation to pulmonary arterial hypertension: physiology and pathobiology, J Am Coll Cardiol, 62, D22, 10.1016/j.jacc.2013.10.027 Vonk Noordegraaf, 2017, The relationship between the right ventricle and its load in pulmonary hypertension, J Am Coll Cardiol, 69, 236, 10.1016/j.jacc.2016.10.047 Takatsuki, 2018, Clinical effects of syncope on disease severity and adverse outcomes in children with idiopathic and heritable pulmonary arterial hypertension, Pediatr Cardiol Beghetti, 2013, Diagnostic evaluation of paediatric pulmonary hypertension in current clinical practice, Eur Respir J, 42, 689, 10.1183/09031936.00140112 Andreassen, 2006, N-terminal pro–B-type natriuretic peptide as an indicator of disease severity in a heterogeneous group of patients with chronic precapillary pulmonary hypertension, Am J Cardiol, 98, 525, 10.1016/j.amjcard.2006.02.061 Ploegstra, 2015, Prognostic factors in pediatric pulmonary arterial hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis, Int J Cardiol, 184, 198, 10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.01.038 Harjola, 2016, Contemporary management of acute right ventricular failure: a statement from the Heart Failure Association and the Working Group on Pulmonary Circulation and Right Ventricular Function of the European Society of Cardiology, Eur J Heart Fail, 18, 226, 10.1002/ejhf.478 Dalabih, 2014, What's new: the management of acute right ventricular decompensation of chronic pulmonary hypertension, Intensive Care Med, 40, 1930, 10.1007/s00134-014-3459-5 Abman, 2015, Pediatric pulmonary hypertension: guidelines from the American Heart Association and American Thoracic Society, Circulation, 132, 2037, 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000329 Siehr, 2016, Hemodynamic effects of phenylephrine, vasopressin, and epinephrine in children with pulmonary hypertension: a pilot study, Pediatr Crit Care Med, 17, 428, 10.1097/PCC.0000000000000716 Tayama, 2007, Arginine vasopressin is an ideal drug after cardiac surgery for the management of low systemic vascular resistant hypotension concomitant with pulmonary hypertension, Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg, 6, 715, 10.1510/icvts.2007.159624 Wilcox, 2015, Pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular failure in emergency medicine, Ann Emerg Med, 66, 619, 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.07.525 Andrew, 1994, Venous thromboembolic complications (VTE) in children: first analyses of the Canadian Registry of VTE, Blood, 83, 1251, 10.1182/blood.V83.5.1251.1251 van Ommen, 2001, Venous thromboembolism in childhood: a prospective two-year registry in the Netherlands, J Pediatr, 139, 676, 10.1067/mpd.2001.118192 Stein, 2004, Incidence of venous thromboembolism in infants and children: data from the national hospital discharge survey, J Pediatr, 145, 563, 10.1016/j.jpeds.2004.06.021 Raffini, 2009, Dramatic increase in venous thromboembolism in children's hospitals in the United States from 2001 to 2007, Pediatrics, 124, 1001, 10.1542/peds.2009-0768 Buck, 1981, Pulmonary embolism in children, J Pediatr Surg, 16, 385, 10.1016/S0022-3468(81)80700-2 Agha, 2013, Pulmonary embolism in the pediatric emergency department, Pediatrics, 132, 663, 10.1542/peds.2013-0126 Truitt, 2005, Pulmonary embolism: which pediatric trauma patients are at risk?, J Pediatr Surg, 40, 124, 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2004.09.017 van Ommen, 2003, Pediatric venous thromboembolic disease in one single center: congenital prothrombotic disorders and the clinical outcome, J Thromb Haemost, 1, 2516, 10.1046/j.1538-7836.2003.00465.x McIntyre, 1971, The hemodynamic response to pulmonary embolism in patients without prior cardiopulmonary disease, Am J Cardiol, 28, 288, 10.1016/0002-9149(71)90116-0 Van Ommen, 2006, Acute pulmonary embolism in childhood, Thromb Res, 118, 13, 10.1016/j.thromres.2005.05.013 Cohen, 2014, Managing pulmonary embolism from presentation to extended treatment, Thromb Res, 133, 139, 10.1016/j.thromres.2013.09.040 Jaff, 2011, Management of massive and submassive pulmonary embolism, iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis, and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension, Circulation, 123, 1788, 10.1161/CIR.0b013e318214914f Baird, 2010, Massive pulmonary embolism in children, J Pediatr, 156, 148, 10.1016/j.jpeds.2009.06.048 Bernstein, 1986, Pulmonary embolism in adolescents, Am J Dis Child, 140, 667 van Ommen, 1998, Persistent tachypnea in children: keep pulmonary embolism in mind, J Pediatr Hematol Oncol, 20, 570, 10.1097/00043426-199811000-00013 Hancock, 2013, Cardiac findings and long-term thromboembolic outcomes following pulmonary embolism in children: a combined retrospective-prospective inception cohort study, Cardiol Young, 23, 344, 10.1017/S1047951112001126 Thacker, 2015, Pulmonary embolism in children, Am J Roentgenol, 204, 1278, 10.2214/AJR.14.13869 Wells, 2001, Excluding pulmonary embolism at the bedside without diagnostic imaging: management of patients with suspected pulmonary embolism presenting to the emergency department by using a simple clinical model and d-dimer, Ann Intern Med, 135, 98, 10.7326/0003-4819-135-2-200107170-00010 Wolf, 2004, Prospective validation of Wells criteria in the evaluation of patients with suspected pulmonary embolism, Ann Emerg Med, 44, 503, 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2004.04.002 Kline, 2004, Clinical criteria to prevent unnecessary diagnostic testing in emergency department patients with suspected pulmonary embolism, J Thromb Haemost, 2, 1247, 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2004.00790.x Wolf, 2008, Assessment of the pulmonary embolism rule-out criteria rule for evaluation of suspected pulmonary embolism in the emergency department, Am J Emerg Med, 26, 181, 10.1016/j.ajem.2007.04.026 Biss, 2018, Pulmonary embolism in childhood: how can we be sure not to miss it?, Arch Dis Child, 103, 814, 10.1136/archdischild-2017-314428 Hennelly, 2016, Detection of pulmonary embolism in high-risk children, J Pediatr, 178, 214, 10.1016/j.jpeds.2016.07.046 Lee, 2012, Children suspected of having pulmonary embolism: multidetector CT pulmonary angiography—thromboembolic risk factors and implications for appropriate use, Radiology, 262, 242, 10.1148/radiol.11111056 Kanis, 2018, Clinical characteristics of children evaluated for suspected pulmonary embolism with D-dimer testing, Arch Dis Child, 103, 835, 10.1136/archdischild-2017-313317 Biss, 2009, Clinical probability score and D-dimer estimation lack utility in the diagnosis of childhood pulmonary embolism, J Thromb Haemost, 7, 1633, 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2009.03572.x Rajpurkar, 2007, Pulmonary embolism—experience at a single children's hospital, Thromb Res, 119, 699, 10.1016/j.thromres.2006.05.016 Kelly, 2002, Plasma D-dimers in the diagnosis of venous thromboembolism, Arch Intern Med, 162, 747, 10.1001/archinte.162.7.747 Stein, 2006, Multidetector computed tomography for acute pulmonary embolism, N Engl J Med, 354, 2317, 10.1056/NEJMoa052367 Monagle, 2012, Antithrombotic therapy in neonates and children: antithrombotic therapy and prevention of thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines, Chest, 141, e737S, 10.1378/chest.11-2308 Kearon, 2012, Antithrombotic therapy for VTE disease, Chest, 141, e419S, 10.1378/chest.11-2301 Dandoy, 2015, Outcomes in children with deep vein thrombosis managed with percutaneous endovascular thrombolysis, Pediatr Radiol, 45, 719, 10.1007/s00247-014-3209-4 Albisetti, 2006, Thrombolytic therapy in children, Thromb Res, 118, 95, 10.1016/j.thromres.2004.12.018 Engelberger, 2011, Catheter-based reperfusion treatment of pulmonary embolism, Circulation, 124, 2139, 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.023689 Bavare, 2014, Catheter-directed thrombolysis for severe pulmonary embolism in pediatric patients, Ann Vasc Surg, 28, 1794, 10.1016/j.avsg.2014.03.016 Howard, 2014, Incidence, risk factors, outcome and projected future burden of acute aortic dissection, Ann Cardiothorac Surg, 3, 278 Howard, 2013, Population-based study of incidence and outcome of acute aortic dissection and premorbid risk factor control: 10-year results from the Oxford Vascular Study, Circulation, 127, 2031, 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.000483 Januzzi, 2004, Characterizing the young patient with aortic dissection: results from the International Registry of Aortic Dissection (IRAD), J Am Coll Cardiol, 43, 665, 10.1016/j.jacc.2003.08.054 Zalzstein, 2003, Aortic dissection in children and young adults: diagnosis, patients at risk, and outcomes, Cardiol Young, 13, 341, 10.1017/S1047951103000696 Fikar, 2006, Acute aortic dissection in children and adolescents: diagnostic and after-event follow-up obligation to the patient and family, Clin Cardiol, 29, 383, 10.1002/clc.4960290903 Fikar, 2009, Aortic dissection in childhood and adolescence: an analysis of occurrences over a 10-year interval in New York State, Clin Cardiol, 32, E23, 10.1002/clc.20383 Fikar, 2000, Etiologic factors of acute aortic dissection in children and young adults, Clin Pediatr (Phila), 39, 71, 10.1177/000992280003900201 Bondy, 2008, Aortic dissection in Turner syndrome, Curr Opin Cardiol, 23, 519, 10.1097/HCO.0b013e3283129b89 Kim, 2005, Aortic dissection late after repair of tetralogy of Fallot, Int J Cardiol, 101, 515, 10.1016/j.ijcard.2004.03.026 Rashid, 1996, Cocaine-induced aortic dissection, Am Heart J, 132, 1301, 10.1016/S0002-8703(96)90486-X Zanotti, 2008, Thoracic aortic aneurysm syndrome in children, Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg Pediatr Card Surg Annu, 11, 10.1053/j.pcsu.2008.01.005 Evangelista, 2016, Insights from the International Registry of Acute Aortic Dissection, Glob Cardiol Sci Pract, 2016 Park, 2004, Association of painless acute aortic dissection with increased mortality, Mayo Clin Proc, 79, 1252, 10.4065/79.10.1252 Harris, 2011, Correlates of delayed recognition and treatment of acute type A aortic dissection: the International Registry of Acute Aortic Dissection (IRAD), Circulation, 124, 1911-198, 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.006320 Suzuki, 2009, Diagnosis of acute aortic dissection by D-dimer: the International Registry of Acute Aortic Dissection Substudy on Biomarkers (IRAD-Bio) experience, Circulation, 119, 2702, 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.833004 Pape, 2015, Presentation, diagnosis, and outcomes of acute aortic dissection: 17-year trends from the International Registry of Acute Aortic Dissection, J Am Coll Cardiol, 66, 350, 10.1016/j.jacc.2015.05.029