Radiological anatomy of spontaneous splenorenal shunts in patients with chronic liver disease

Kanagawa H, Mima S, Kouyama H, et al. Treatment of gastric fundal varices by balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1996;11:51–8.

Hirota S, Matsumoto S, Tomita M, Sako M, Kono M. Retrograde transvenous obliteration of gastric varices. Radiology. 1999;211:349–56.

Kiyosue H, Mori H, Matsumoto S, Yamada Y, Hori Y, Okino Y. Transcatheter obliteration of gastric varices. Part 2. Strategy and techniques based on hemodynamic features. Radiographics. 2003;23:921–37.

Fujimoto M, Moriyasu F, Nada T, Suginoshita Y. Influence of spontaneous portosystemic collateral pathways on portal hemodynamics in living related liver transplantation in children. Transplantation. 1995;60:41–5.

Castillo-Suescun F, Oniscu GC, Hiddalgo E. Hemodynamic consequences of spontaneous splenorenal shunts in deceased donor liver transplantation. Liver Transplant. 2011;17:891–5.

Ruysch F. Curae posteriors, seu thesaurus antomicus omnium praecedentium maximus. Jaussonio-Waesbergios 1738, Amsterdam.

Wind PH, Alves A, Chevallier JM, Gillot C, Sales JP, Sauvanet A, et al. Anatomy of spontaneous and gastrorenal venous anastomoses. Surg Radiol Anat. 1998;20:129–34.

Zardi EM, Uwechie V, Caccavo D, Maira N, Cacciapaglia PF, Matteo FD, et al. Portosystemic shunts in a large cohort of patients with liver cirrhosis: detection rate and clinical relevance. J Gastroenterol. 2009;44:76–83.

Tarantino G, Citro V, Conca P, Riccio A, Tarantino M, Capone D, et al. What are the implications of the spontaneous spleno-renal shunts in liver cirrhosis. BMC Gastroenterol. 2009;9:89–100.

Numata K, Tanaka K, Kiba T, Saito S, Shirato K, Kitamura T, et al. Use of balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration with etholoamine oleate for the treatment of hepatic encephalopathy in a cirrhotic patient with a large spontaneous splenorenal shunt. J Gastroenerol. 1998;33:424–7.

Takashimizu S, Watanabe N, Kojima S, Kagawa T, Mine T, Myojin K, et al. Efficacy of balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration performed in a patient with primary biliary cirrhosis with severe recurrent hepatic encephalopathy due to splenorenal shunt. Tokai J Exp Clin Med. 2007;32:70–4.

Rousselot L, Moreno A, Panke W. Studies on portal hypertension. The clinical and physiopathologic significance of self established (nonsurgical) portal systemic venous shunts. Ann Surg. 1959;150:384–412.

Farid N, Balkanci F, Guran S, Senaati S, Besim A. A digital splenoportography: more sensitive method of detecting spontaneous splenorenal shunt. Angiology. 1991;42(9):754–9.

Bagheri M, Haiati A, Hossenini M, Ostad SP. Comparison of findings of spontaneous splenorenal shunt in color Doppler sonography with multislice T scan (64 slices) in liver transplant candidates. Eur J Radiol. 2012;81:2027–36.

Sugano S, Yamazaki Y, Okajima T, Kubo S, Sumino Y, Abei T. Studies on the relationship between hepatic and splenic density change in dynamic CT in the presence of a large splenorenal shunt in patients with liver cirrhosis. Am J Gastroenterol. 1993;88:80–3.

Chikamori F, Okamoto H, Kuniyoshi N. Relationship between splenorenal shunt/portal vein diameter ratio and systemic hemodynamics in patients with liver cirrhosis. Digestion. 2014;89:133–8.