ROBINS-I: a tool for assessing risk of bias in non-randomised studies of interventions
BMJ, The - Trang i4919
Jonathan A C Sterne1, Miguel A. Hernán2,3,4, Barnaby C Reeves5, Jelena Savović6,1, Nancy D Berkman7, Meera Viswanathan8, David Henry9, Douglas G. Altman10, Mohammed Ansari11, Isabelle Boutron12, James R. Carpenter13, An‐Wen Chan14, Rachel Churchill15, Jonathan J Deeks16, Asbjørn Hróbjartsson17, Jamie J Kirkham18, Peter Jüni19, Yoon K. Loke20, Theresa D Pigott21, Craig Ramsay22, Deborah L. Regidor23, Hannah R. Rothstein24, Lakhbir Sandhu25, Pasqualina Santaguida26, Holger J. Schünemann27, Beverly Shea28, Ian Shrier29, Peter Tugwell30, Lucy Turner31, Jeffrey C. Valentine32, Hugh Waddington33, Elizabeth Waters34, George A. Wells35, Penny Whiting6,1, Julian P. T. Higgins1
1School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2PS, UK
2Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
3Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
4Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
5School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS2 8HW, UK
6National Institute for Health Research Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care West (NIHR CLAHRC West) at University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol BS1 2NT, UK
7Program on Health Care Quality and Outcomes, Division of Health Services and Social Policy Research, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
8RTI-UNC Evidence-based Practice Center, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
9Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
10Centre for Statistics in Medicine, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology & Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LD, UK
11School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, K1H 8M5, Canada
12METHODS Team, Centre of Epidemiology and Statistics Sorbonne Paris Cité Research, INSERM UMR 1153, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France
13Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine and MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, London, UK
14Women's College Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada
15Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK
16Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
17Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, University of Southern Denmark & Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense C, Denmark
18Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GL, UK
19Applied Health Research Centre (AHRC), Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St Michael’s Hospital, and Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
20Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
21School of Education, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
22Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
23Evidence Services, Kaiser Permanente, Care Management Institute, Oakland, CA 94612, USA
24Department of Management, Zicklin School of Business, Baruch College—CUNY, New York, NY 10010, USA
25Division of General Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
26Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada
27Departments of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics and of Medicine, Cochrane Applicability and Recommendations Methods (GRADEing) Group, MacGRADE center, Ontario, L8N 4K1, Canada
28Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Center for Practice Changing Research and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, K1H 8M5, Canada
29Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
30Department of Medicine and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
31Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
32University of Louisville Louisville, KY 40292 USA
33International Initiative for Impact Evaluation, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, and London International Development Centre, London, UK
34Jack Brockhoff Child Health & Wellbeing Program, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
35School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine and Director, Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, K1Y 4W7, Canada