Quinoline-2-carboxylic acid isolated from Ephedra pachyclada and its structural derivatives show inhibitory effects against α-glucosidase and α-amylase

Caveney S, Charlet DA, Freitag H, Maier-Stolte M, and Starratt AN (2001) New observations on the secondary chemistry of world Ephedra (Ephedraceae). Am J Bot 88, 1199–208.

Cha MR, Park JH, Choi YH, Choi CW, Hong KS, Choi SU et al. (2009) Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors from the branches extract of Cotinus coggygria. Kor J Pharmacogn 40, 229–32.

Chohachi K, Takakazu M, and Hiroshi H (1985) Isolation and hypoglycemic activity of ephedrans A, B, C, D and E, glycans of Ephedra distachya herbs. Planta Med 51, 162–3.

Choi HJ, Jeong YK, Kang DO, and Joo WH (2008) Inhibitory effects of four solvent fractions of Alnus firma on α-amylase and α-glucosidase. J Life Sci 18, 1005–10.

Jeong EY, Cho KS, and Lee HS (2012) α-Amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitors isolated from Triticum aestivum L. Sprouts. J Korean Soc Appl Biol Chem 55, 4751.

Kim GN, Shin JG, and Jang HD (2009) Antioxidant and antidiabetic activity of Dangyuja (Citrus grandis Osbeck) extract treated with Aspergillus saitoi. Food Chem 117, 35–41.

Lee CH and Lee HS (2009) Growth inhibiting activity of quinaldic acid isolated from Ephedra pachyclada against intestinal bacteria. J Korean Soc Appl Biol Chem 52, 331–5.

Lee HS (2002) Tyrosinase inhibitors of Pulsatilla cernua root-derived materials. J Agric Food Chem 50, 1400–3.

Lee HS (2005) Cuminaldehyde: aldose reductase and α-glucosidase inhibitor derived from Cuminum cyminum L. seeds. J Agric Food Chem 53, 2446–50.

Lee HS and Ahn YJ (1998) Growth-inhibiting effects of cinnamomum cassia bark-derived materials on human intestinal bacteria. J Agric Food Chem 46, 8–12.

Marzieh G, Mahnaz A, Mansoor J, Ghadireh M, Shahram N, Mohammad M et al. (2014) Protective effects of Ephedra pachyclada extract on mouse models of carbon tetrachloride-induced chronic and acute liver failure. Tissue Cell 46, 78–85.

Matsuda H, Li Y, Murakami T, Matsumura N, Yamahara J, and Yoshikawa M (1998) Antidiabetic principles of natural medicines. III. Structure-related inhibitory activity and action mode of oleanolic acid glycosides on hypoglycemic activity. Europe pubmed central 46, 1399–403.

Shinde J, Taldone T, Barietta M, Kunaparaju N, Hu B, and Kumar S (2008) α-Glucosidase inhibitory activity of Syzygium cumini (Linn.) skeels seed kernel in vitro and in goto-kakizake (GK) rats. Carbohydr Res 343, 1278–81.

Starratt AN and Caveney S (1996) Quinoline-2-carboxylic acid from Ephedra species. Phytochemistry 42, 1477–8.

Wang H, Du YJ, and Song HC (2010) α-Glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory activities of guava leaves. Food Chem 123, 6–13.

Yang YC, Lee SG, Lee HK, Kim MK, Lee SH, and Lee HS (2002) A piperidine amide extracted from Piper longum L. fruit shows activity against Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae. J Agric Food Chem 50, 3765–7.

Yang YC, Lim MY, and Lee HS (2003) Emodin isolated from Cassia obtusifolia (Leguminosae) seed shows larvicidal activity against three mosquito species. J Agric Food Chem 51, 7629–31.