Quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside-rich fraction demonstrated efficacy against infectious, secretory, and osmotic models of diarrhoeal rats
Tóm tắt
The prevalence of diarrhoea remains high despite efforts by governments and NGOs to reverse trend. This study investigated the antidiarrhoeal activity and mechanism of Spondias mombin leaf fraction rich in quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (Q3G-RF) because of the acclaimed therapeutic efficacy. Secretory, osmotic, and infectious diarrhoea models using castor oil, magnesium sulphate, and Shigella flexneri respectively were evaluated at the doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg in Wistar rats. Enteropathy was induced with castor oil and magnesium sulphate, while gastrointestinal motility was determined with charcoal meal. Findings showed no mortality after 14 days of experimental period and no significant changes in behaviour, food, and water consumption. Relative to control, Q3G-RF inhibited the three models of diarrhoea, enteropathy, and gastrointestinal motility; bacterial colonies were reduced by Q3G-RF, while it improved the relative body weight of the animals. Q3G-RF also increased the intestinal concentration/activity of glucose, total protein, and Na+–K+ ATPase but reduced the concentration of TNF-α, PGE2, IL-1β, nitric oxide, Na+, K+, and Cl− in the diarrhoeal models. The intestinal fluid level of K+, Na+, and Cl− was significantly decreased by Q3G-RF in the enteropathy model. Length of the small intestine in the motility model was also increased by Q3G-RF, while peristaltic index and inhibition of peristalsis were reduced. Overall, quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside from Spondias mombin leaves demonstrated efficacy against infectious, secretory, and osmotic form of diarrhoeal and further justified its traditional use in the treatment of diarrhoea due to its antimotility, antisecretory, and antimicrobial properties by mechanism related to enhanced Na+–K+ ATPase, repressed nitric oxide, and suppressed prostaglandins.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Yakubu MT, Nurudeen QO, Salimon SS, Yakubu MO, Jimoh RO, Nafiu MO et al (2015) Antidiarrhoeal activity of Musa paradisiaca sap in wistar rats. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2015:683726. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/683726
Demissie GD, Yeshaw Y, Aleminew W, Akalu Y (2021) Diarrhea and associated factors among under five children in sub-Saharan Africa: evidence from demographic and health surveys of 34 sub-Saharan countries. PLoS ONE 16:1–13. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0257522
Mokomane M, Kasvosve I, de Melo E, Pernica JM, Goldfarb DM (2018) The global problem of childhood diarrhoeal diseases: emerging strategies in prevention and management. Ther Adv Infect Dis 5:29–43. https://doi.org/10.1177/2049936117744429
Jiwok JC, Adebowale AS, Wilson I, Kancherla V, Umeokonkwo CD (2021) Patterns of diarrhoeal disease among under-five children in Plateau State, Nigeria, 2013–2017. BMC Public Health 21:1–9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-12110-y
Shaw DH (2017) Drugs acting on the gastrointestinal tract. 7th edition. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-39307-2.00028-X.
Wolfheim C, Fontaine O, Merson M (2019) Evolution of the world health organization’s programmatic actions to control diarrheal diseases. J Glob Health 9:1–11. https://doi.org/10.7189/jogh.09.020802
Uchendu CN, Isek T (2008) Antifertility activity of aqueous ethanolic leaf extract of Spondias mombin (Anacardiaceae) in rats. Afr Health Sci 8:163–7. https://doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v8i3.7068
Ayoka AO, Akomolafe RO, Akinsomisoye OS, Ukponmwan OE (2008) Medicinal and economic value of Spondias mombin. Afr J Biomed Res 11:129–36
Ogunro O, Yakubu M (2021) Antifertility effects of 60-day oral gavage of ethanol extract of Spondias mombin leaves in guinea pigs: a biochemical, reproductive and histological study. Asian Pac J Reprod 10:56–67. https://doi.org/10.4103/2305-0500.311609
Ikoedem J, Udobi C, Asuquo E (2018) The use of medicinal plants in the treatment of diarrhoea in Ibibio land: a survey. Microbiol Res J Int 24:1–12. https://doi.org/10.9734/mrji/2018/41575
Igwe CU, Onyeze GOC, Onwuliri VA, Osuagwu CG, Ojiako AO (2010) Evaluation of the chemical compositions of the leaf of Spondias mombin linn from Nigeria. Aust J Basic Appl Sci 4:706–10
Ayéna AC, Agassounon Djikpo Tchibozo M, Adoukonou-Sagbadja H, Karou DS, Anani K, de Souza C (2020) Activités antimicrobiennes des extraits de trois plantes médicinales utilisées dans le traitement traditionnel des toxi-infections alimentaires au Sud du Benin. J Rech Sci Univ Lomé (Togo) 16:23–31
Diby YB, Kone M, Gbogbo M, Yapo AP (2016) Antidiarrhoeal properties of the ethyl acetate extract of the stem bark of Spondias mombin L (Anacardiaceae) in rats. WwwWjppsCom World J Pharm Pharm Sci 5:387–97. https://doi.org/10.20959/wjpps20169-7673
Irvine FR. Woody Plants of Ghana with Special Reference to Their Uses. London, Oxford University Press; 1961. p. 143-144.
Ajao AO, Shonukan O, Femi-Onadeko B (1985) Antibacterial effect of aqueous and alcohol extracts of Spondias mombin, and Alchornea cordifolia - two local antimicrobial remedies. Int J Crude Drug Res 23:67–72
Osuntokun OT, Omotuyi OI (2018) Bacteriostatic and bactericidal mechanism of novel compound isolated from ethyl acetate stem bark extract of Spondias mombin using biomarker repressor LexA gene on Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis. J Mol Biomark Diagn 09:405. https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9929.1000405
Osuntokun OT, Omotuyi OA, Oluduro AO (2019) MazEF homologous modules system and a post-segregational killing Mechanism ( bacteriostatic & bactericidal mechanism ) of novel compound isolated from Spondias monbinon Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis. Int J cell Sci Mol Biol 5:555673. https://doi.org/10.19080/IJCSMB.2019.05.555673
Adeyemi DK, Adeluola AO, Akinbile MJ, Johnson OO, Ayoola GA (2020) Green synthesis of Ag, Zn and Cu nanoparticles from aqueous extract of Spondias mombin leaves and evaluation of their antibacterial activity. Afr J Clin Exper Microbiol 21:106–13
Ahuchaogu A, Obike A, Egedeuzu C, Ukaogo P, Chukwu O (2017) Phytochemical screening and antibacterial activity of Spondias mombin leaves. Asian J Chem Sci 3:1–6. https://doi.org/10.9734/ajocs/2017/34794
Kouadio IA, Yapi PA, Sanogo M (2020) Bactericidal activities of the leaf extract of Spondias mombin L. plant used for culinary and therapeutically purposes in Ivory Coast. J Microbiol Antimicrob 12:1–16. https://doi.org/10.5897/JMA2019.0420
Adegoke AA, Aiyegoro OA, Stenstrom TA (2016) Effect of interaction of methanol leaf extract of Spondias mombin ( Linn ) and amoxicillin on some diarrheagenic Escherichia coli. Trop J Pharm Res 15:475–80
Ogunro OB, Oyeyinka BO, Gyebi GA, Batiha GE-S (2023) Nutritional benefits, ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry, pharmacological properties and toxicity of Spondias mombin Linn: a comprehensive review. J Pharm Pharmacol. https://doi.org/10.1093/JPP/RGAC086
Ogunro OB, Salawu AO, Alotaibi SS, Albogami SM, Batiha G-S, Waard MD (2022) Quercetin-3-O- β -D-glucopyranoside-rich fraction from Spondias mombin leaves halted responses from oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, apoptosis, and lipid peroxidation in the brain of Dichlorvos-treated Wistar rats. Toxics 10(8):477
VanWagenen BC, Larsen R, Cardellina JH, Randazzo D, Lidert ZC, Swithenbank C (1993) Ulosantoin, a potent insecticide from the sponge Ulosa ruetzleri. J Org Chem 58:335–7. https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00054a013
Harborne JB (1984) Phytochemical methods: a guide to modern techniques of plant analysis. vol. 15, 2nd edn. Chapman & Hall, London
Ben Ammar R, Miyamoto T, Chekir-Ghedira L, Ghedira K, Lacaille-Dubois MA (2019) Isolation and identification of new anthraquinones from Rhamnus alaternus L and evaluation of their free radical scavenging activity. Nat Prod Res 33:280–6. https://doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2018.1446135
Martin RA, Lynch SP, Schmitz FJ, Pordesimo EO, Toth S, Horton RY (1991) Cardenolides from Asclepzas asperula subsp. Caprzcornu and A. Vzrzdzs. Phytochemistry 30:3935–9
Solich P, Sedliaková V, Karlíček R (1992) Spectrophotometric determination of cardiac glycosides by flow-injection analysis. Anal Chim Acta 269:199–203. https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-2670(92)85403-S
Hossain MA, Shah MD, Gnanaraj C, Iqbal M (2011) In vitro total phenolics, flavonoids contents and antioxidant activity of essential oil, various organic extracts from the leaves of tropical medicinal plant Tetrastigma from Sabah. Asian Pac J Trop Med 4:717–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1995-7645(11)60180-6
Edeoga HO, Okwu DE, Mbaebie BO (2005) Phytochemical constituents of some Nigerian medicinal plants. Afr J Biotechnol 4:685–8. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJB2005.000-3127
Dinan L, Harmatha J, Lafont R (2001) Chromatographic procedures for the isolation of plant steroids. J Chromatogr A 935:105–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)00992-X
Wall ME, Krider MM, Krewson CF, Eddy CR, Willaman JJ, Corell DS et al (1954) Steroidal sapogenins VII. Survey of plants for steroidal sapogenins and other constituents. J Am Pharm Assoc Am Pharm Assoc 43:1–7
Tadesse G, Reneela P, Dekebo A (2012) Isolation and characterization of natural products from Helinus mystachnus (Rhamnaceae). J Chem Pharm Res 4:1756–62
OECD (2002) The Organization of Economic Co-operation and Development Guidelines Test No. 423: acute oral toxicity - acute toxic class method, OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4. Oecd 1–14.
Řičicová M, Kucharíková S, Tournu H, Hendrix J, Bujdáková H, Van Eldere J et al (2010) Candida albicans biofilm formation in a new in vivo rat model. Microbiology 156:909–19. https://doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.033530-0
Doherty NS (1981) Inhibition of arachidonic acid release as the mechanism by which glucocorticoids inhibit endotoxin-induced diarrhoea. Br J Pharmacol 73:549–54. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-5381.1981.tb10454.x
Robert A, Nezamis JF, Lancaster C, Hanchar AJ, Klepper MS (1976) Enteropooling assay: a test for diarrhoea produced by prostaglandins. Prostaglandins 11:809–28
Yakubu MT, Salimon SS (2015) Antidiarrhoeal activity of aqueous extract of Mangifera indica L. leaves in female albino rats. J Ethnopharmacol 163:135–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2014.12.060
Tietz NW (1995) Clinical guide to laboratory tests. 3rd Edition. Philadelphia.
Gornal AC, Bardawill CJ, David MM (1949) Determination of serum proteins by means of the biuret reaction. J Biol Chem 177:751–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9258(18)57021-6
Wo D, Zhuang P, Xu ZG, Xu S, Lu Y, Mao HM (2013) A novel spectrophotometric method for indirect determination of nitric oxide (NO) in serum. Clin Chim Acta 424:187–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cca.2013.06.008
Barham D, Trinder P (1972) An improved colour reagent for the determination of blood glucose by the oxidase system. Analyst 97:142–5. https://doi.org/10.1039/an9729700142
Bewaji CO, Olorunsogo OO, Bababunmi EA (1985) Comparison of the membrane-bound (Ca2+ + Mg2+)-ATPase in erythrocyte ghosts from some mammalian species. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem 82:117–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/0305-0491(85)90138-5
Quadri AL, Yakubu MT (2017) Fertility enhancing activity and toxicity profile of aqueous extract of Chasmanthera dependens roots in male rats. Andrologia 49:1–15. https://doi.org/10.1111/and.12775
Mattock E, Blocker AJ (2017) How do the virulence factors of shigella work together to cause disease? Front Cell Infect Microbiol 7:1–24. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2017.00064
Tunaru S, Althoff TF, Nüsing RM, Diener M, Offermanns S (2012) Castor oil induces laxation and uterus contraction via ricinoleic acid activating prostaglandin EP3 receptors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 109:9179–84. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1201627109
Ramasamy A, Das S, Mani V, Sengottuvelu S, Vinoth Prabhu V (2016) Evaluation of anti-diarrheal potential of hydro-alcoholic extracts of leaves of Murraya koenigii in experimental animals. J Diet Suppl 13:393–401. https://doi.org/10.3109/19390211.2015.1101636
Verma N, Singh AP, Gupta A, Sahu PK, Rao CV (2011) Antidiarrheal potential of standardized extract of Rhododendron arboreum Smith flowers in experimental animals. Indian J Pharmacol 43:689–93. https://doi.org/10.4103/0253-7613.89827
Wansi SL, Ruphin C, Deumeni M, Laure S, Kamani P, Sama LF et al (2017) Antidiarrhoeal activity of aqueous and methanolic Alchornea laxiflora ( Euphorbiaceae ) leaves extracts in rats. J Med Plants Stud 5:205–11
Dey I, Lejeune M, Chadee K (2006) Prostaglandin E 2 receptor distribution and function in the gastrointestinal tract. Br J Pharmacol 149:611–23. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bjp.0706923
Nwidu LL, Essien GE, Nwafor PA, Vilegas W (2011) Antidiarrheal mechanism of Carpolobia lutea leaf fractions in rats. Pharm Biol 49:1249–56. https://doi.org/10.3109/13880209.2011.589854
Magierowski M, Magierowska K, Kwiecien S, Brzozowski T (2015) Gaseous mediators nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide in the mechanism of gastrointestinal integrity, protection and ulcer healing. Molecules 20:9099–123. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules20059099
Cires MJ, Wong X, Carrasco-Pozo C, Gotteland M (2017) The gastrointestinal tract as a key target organ for the health-promoting effects of dietary proanthocyanidins. Front Nutr 3:57. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2016.00057
Mahmmoud YA, Shattock M, Cornelius F, Pavlovic D (2014) Inhibition of K+ transport through Na+, K +-ATPase by capsazepine: role of membrane span 10 of the α-subunit in the modulation of ion gating. PLoS ONE 9:1–12. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0096909
Ugbeni CO, Idiakheua DO (2019) The effect of aqueous extract of Morinda lucida on haematological parameters and intestinal ATPases, lactase activity and histopathology studies in lactose induced diarrhea in Wistar rats. Afr J Biol Sci 1:14–21. https://doi.org/10.33472/afjbs.1.3.2019.14-21
Naher S, Aziz MA, Akter MI, Rahman SMM, Sajon SR, Mazumder K (2019) Anti-diarrheal activity and brine shrimp lethality bioassay of methanolic extract of Cordyline fruticosa (L.) A. Chev. leaves. Clin Phytosci 5:4–9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40816-019-0109-z
Rahman MK, Chowdhury MAU, Islam MT, Chowdhury MA, Uddin ME, Sumi CD (2015) Evaluation of antidiarrheal activity of methanolic extract of Maranta arundinacea Linn. Leaves. Adv Pharmacol Sci 2015:257057. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/257057
Derebe D, Abdulwuhab M, Wubetu M, Mohammed F (2018) Investigation of the antidiarrheal and antimicrobial activities of 80% methanolic leaf extract of Discopodium penninervum (Hochst.). Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2018:1360486. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/1360486
Degu A, Engidawork E, Shibeshi W (2016) Evaluation of the anti-diarrheal activity of the leaf extract of Croton macrostachyus Hocsht. ex Del. (Euphorbiaceae) in mice model. BMC Complement Altern Med 16:1–11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-016-1357-9
Rao AV, Gurfinkel DM (2000) The bioactivity of saponins: triterpenoid and steroidal glycosides. Drug Metab Drug Interact 17:211–35. https://doi.org/10.1515/DMDI.2000.17.1-4.211
Yao WR, Wang HY, Wang ST, Sun SL, Zhou J, Luan YY (2011) Assessment of the antibacterial activity and the antidiarrheal function of flavonoids from bayberry fruit. J Agric Food Chem 59:5312–7. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf200211m