Quantification of hydrochloric acid and particulate deposition resulting from space shuttle launches at John F. Kennedy space center, Florida, USA

Thomas W. Dreschel1, Carlton R. Hall1
1The Bionetics Corporation Mail Code BIO-2, John F. Kennedy Space Center, USA

Tóm tắt

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Altshuller, A. P., and R. A. Linthurst (eds.). 1984. The acidic deposition phenomenon and its effects: critical assessment review papers, Vol II. Office of Research and Development. US Environmental Protecting Agency, Washington, DC. 550 pp.

Anderson, B. J., and V. W. Keller. 1983. Space shuttle exhaust cloud properties. NASA TP 2258. 112 pp.

Cofer, W. R., G. G. Lala, and J. P. Wrightman. 1987. Analysis of mid-trophospheric space shuttle exhausted aluminum oxide particles.Atmospheric Environment 21:1187–1196.

Dillon, P. J., N. D. Yan, and H. H. Harvey. 1984. Acidic deposition: effects on aquatic ecosystems.Critical Reviews in Environmental Control 13:167–194.

Dreschel, T. W., and C. R. Hall. 1985. Near-field deposition patterns of chlorides and particulates resulting from launches of the space transportation system at the John F. Kennedy Space Center. NASA TM 89194. 21 pp.

Dreschel, T. W., and C. R. Hinkle. 1984. Acid deposition, pH and inorganic carbon interactions: laboratory simulation of space shuttle launch cloud effect on estuarine systems. NASA TM 83094. 13 pp.

Golden Software, Inc. 1986. Surfer reference manual. Golden Software, Inc., Golden, Colorado. 466 pp.

Hawkins, W. E., R. M. Overstreet, and M. J. Provancha. 1984. Effects of space shuttle exhaust plume on gills of some estuarine fishes: a light and electron microscopic study.Gulf Research Reports 7:297–309.

Hinkle, C. R., T. L. Hughes, and P. A. Schmalzer. 1986. Effects of acidification on coastal soils. Page 179in Abstract in Prog. IV International Congress of Ecology, Syracuse, New York. 377 pp.

Maddrea, G. L., G. L. Gregory, D. I. Sebacher, and D. C. Woods. 1984. Airborne measurements of launch vehicle effluent of STS-2 launch on November 12, 1981, at Cape Canaveral, Florida. NASA TP 2260. 36 pp.

NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration). 1978. Space shuttle program environmental impact statement. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Washington, DC. 291 pp.

NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration). 1979. Environmental impact statement for the Kennedy Space Center. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Washington, DC. 418 pp.

NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) 1987. Countdown! NASA launch vehicles and facilities. Information summaries. PMS 018. John F. Kennedy Space Center, Florida. 25 pp.

Olsen, C. R., N. H. Cutshall, and I. L. Larsen. 1982. Pollutant-particle associations and dynamics in coastal marine environments; a review. Marine Chemistry 11:501–533.

Potter, A. (ed.). 1983. Space shuttle environmental effects: the first five flights. Proceedings of the NASA/USAF Space Shuttle Environment Conference. Kennedy Space Center, Florida. December 14–16, 1982. NASA, Houston, Texas. 28 pp.

Rydene, D. A. 1988. Concentrations of Al, Cd, Pb, V, and Zn in fishes inhabiting ponds exposed to space shuttle launch exhaust. Masters thesis. Florida Institute of Technology. 40 pp.

Schmalzer, P. A., C. R. Hinkle, and D. Breininger. 1985. Effects of space shuttle launches STS-1 through STS-9 on terrestrial vegetation of John F. Kennedy Space Center, Florida. NASA TM 83103. 39 pp.

Sebacher, D. I., W. R. Cofer, D. C. Woods, and G. L. Maddrea. 1984. Hydrogen chloride and aerosol ground clouds characteristics resulting from space shuttle launches.Atmospheric Environment 18:763–770.

USEPA (US Environmental Protection Agency). 1979. Methods for chemical analysis of water and wastes. Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, USEPA, Cincinnati, Ohio EPA 600/4-79-020.