Quality evaluation of medicinally-used Codonopsis species and Codonopsis Radix based on the contents of pyrrolidine alkaloids, phenylpropanoid and polyacetylenes
Tóm tắt
A comparative study of 56 specimens of three medicinally-used Codonopsis taxa collected from China and 54 commercial samples of Codonopsis Radix available in Chinese, Japanese and Korean markets was carried out by quantitative analysis of seven major components: codonopyrrolidium B (1), codonopyrrolidium A (2), tangshenoside I (3), cordifolioidyne B (4), lobetyolinin (5), lobetyolin (6) and lobetyol (7). The quantitative results, based on a well-established HPLC–DAD method, indicated that the contents of these seven compounds varied considerably among the samples, not only inter-species but also intra-species. C.
pilosula and C. pilosula var. modesta showed similar chemical compositions, while C. tangshen differed considerably from these two in chemical composition. The results of principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that two main groups were classified; one group mainly included C. pilosula, C. pilosula var. modesta and the commercial samples derived from these two taxa, while the other group was composed of C. tangshen and its derived commercial samples. Compound 1 was the main component in the roots of C. pilosula and C. pilosula var. modesta, while 3 and 2 had relatively high contents in the roots of C. tangshen. Therefore, 3, 2 and 1 could be chemical markers to differentiate C. tangshen from C. pilosula and C. pilosula var. modesta.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine (2006) Dictionary of Chinese traditional medicine (Zhong Yao Da Ci Dian), 2nd edn. Shanghai Scientific & Technical Publishers, Shanghai, China, pp 2578–2579
Chinese Pharmacopoeia Commission (2010) Pharmacopoeia of the People’s Republic of China, vol I, 2010 edn. China Medical Science Press, Beijing, China, p 264
Hong DY, Wu ZY, Raven PH (2011) Flora of China, vol 19. Science Press/Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing/St. Louis, pp 513–516
Namba T, Komatsu K, Iwai M, Xu GJ (1992) Pharmacognostical studies on the Codonopsis plants (1). On the anatomical characteristics of the root of Sect. Codonopsis plants. Shoyakugaku Zasshi 46:156–164
Namba T, Komatsu K, Iwai M (1992) Pharmacognostical studies on the Codonopsis plants (2). On the botanical origin of the Chinese crude drug ‘‘Dangshen’’ and its related crude drugs derived from Sect. Codonopsis plants. Shoyakugaku Zasshi 46:165–173
Xu GJ, Xu LS (1994) Species systematization and quality evaluation of Chinese traditional drugs, vol 1. Fujian Science and Technology Press, Fuzhou, pp 5–9
Wang JZ, Wang FP (1996) Study on chemical constituents of Codonopsis tangshen. Nat Prod Res Dev 8:8–12
He Q, Zhu EY, Wang ZT, Chou GX, Xu LS, Hu ZB (2006) Study on chemical constituents of Codonopsis pilosula. Chin Pharm J 41:10–12
Song D, Chou GX, Zhong GY, Wang ZT (2008) Two new phenylpropanoid derivatives from Codonopsis tangshen Oliv. Helv Chim Acta 91:1984–1988
Tsai TH, Lin LC (2008) Phenolic glycosides and pyrrolidine alkaloids from Codonopsis tangshen. Chem Pharm Bull 56:1546–1550
Wakana D, Kawahara N, Goda Y (2011) Three new triterpenyl esters, codonopilates A–C, isolated from Codonopsis pilosula. J Nat Med 65:18–23
Song D, Wang ZT, Li LY, Zhong GY (2008) Protective effect of Lobetyolin on gastric mucosa of experimental gastric ulcer in rats. J Emerg Tradit Chin Med 17:963–964
Liu JH, Bao YM, Song JJ, An LJ (2003) Codonopsis pilosula (Franch) Nannf total alkaloids potentiate neurite outgrowth induced by nerve growth factor in PC12 cells. Acta Pharmacol Sin 24:913–917
He B, Zhang YT, Yuan XG, Sun JS, Wei GH, Lin T (2011) Protective effects of Radix Codonopsis on ischemia–reperfusion injury in rats after kidney transplantation. Pediatr Surg Int 27:1203–1212
Zhao XH, Liu YQ, Wang RS, Guo JL, Zhao P (2007) Analysis of lobetyolin in different parts of Codonopsis Radix using RP-HPLC. Chin Tradit Pat Med 29:1046–1047
Song D, Cheng XM, Li LY, Zhong GY, Wang ZT (2008) Determination of lobetyolin in root of Codonopsis tangshen from various cultivation areas by high performance liquid chromatography. Chin J Chin Mater Med 33:2133–2135
Qiao CF, He ZD, Han QB, Xu HX, Jiang RW, Li SL, Zhang YB, But PPH, Shaw PC (2007) The use of lobetyolin and HPLC-UV fingerprints for quality assessment of Radix Codonopsis. J Food Drug Anal 15:258–264
Chen L, Wang TZ (2008) Content determination of lobetyolin in Codonopsis by HPLC. J Mil Surg Southwest China 10:35–36
He JY, Zhu S, Komatsu K, Goda Y, Cai SQ (2013) Genetic polymorphism of medicinally-used Codonopsis species in internal transcribed spacer sequence of nuclear ribosomal DNA and its application to authenticate Codonopsis Radix. J Nat Med. doi:10.1007/s11418-013-0780-1
He JY, Zhu S, Komatsu K. HPLC-UV analysis of polyacetylenes, phenylpropanoids and pyrrolidine alkaloids in medicinally-used Codonopsis species. Phytochem Anal (submitted)
Mizutani K, Yuda M, Tanaka O, Saruwatari Y, Jia MR, Ling YK, Pu XF (1988) Tangshenosides I and II from Chuan-dangshen, the root of Codonopsis tangshen Oliv. Chem Pharm Bull 36:2726–2729
Ishimaru K, Yonemitsu H, Shimomura K (1991) Lobetyolin and lobetyol from hairy root culture of Lobelia inflate. Phytochemistry 30:2255–2257
Ishimaru K, Sadoshima S, Neera S, Koyama K, Takahashi K, Shimomura K (1992) A polyacetylene gentiobioside from hairy roots of Lobelia inflata. Phytochemistry 31:1577–1579
Cuendet M, Potterat O, Hostettmann K (2001) Flavonoids and phenylpropanoid derivatives from Campanula barbata. Phytochemistry 56:631–636
Mei RQ, Lu Q, Hu YF, Liu HY, Bao FK, Zhang Y, Cheng YX (2008) Three new polyyne (=Polyacetylene) glucosides from the edible roots of Codonopsis cordifolioidea. Helv Chim Acta 91:90–96
Lin LC, Tsai TH, Kuo CL (2013) Chemical constituents comparison of Codonopsis tangshen, Codonopsis pilosula var. modesta and Codonopsis pilosula. Nat Prod Res. doi:10.1080/14786419.2013.778849
Song D, Cheng XM, Li LY, Zhong GY, Wang ZT (2008) Study on HPLC fingerprint of Codonopsis tangshen Oliv. Chin Pharm J 43:1136–1139