Pyrite framboids and their development: a new conceptual mechanism

Zbigniew Sawłowicz1
1Institute of Geological Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland

Tóm tắt

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Ahn JH, Buseck PR (1990) Hematite nanospheres of possible colloidal origin from a Precambrian banded iron formation. Science 250: 111?113

Amstutz GC (1963) Accessories on pyrite, pyrite zoning, and zoned pyrite. Schweiz Mineral Petrogr Mitt 43: 111?122

Amstutz GC, Park WC, Schot EH, Love LG (1967) Orientation of framboidal pyrite in shale. Mineral Depos 1: 317?321

Berner RA (1969) The synthesis of framboidal pyrite. Econ Geol 64: 383?384

Berner RA (1970) Sedimentary pyrite formation. Am J Sci 268: 1?23

Berner RA, Baldwin T, Holdren Jr GR (1979) Authigenic iron sulfides as paleosalinity indicators. J Sediment Petrol, 49: 1345?1350

Bianconi PA, Lin J, Strzelecki AR (1991) Crystallization of an inorganic phase controlled by a polymer matrix. Nature 349: 315?317

Canfield DE (1989) Reactive iron in marine sediments. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 53: 619?632

Canfield DE, Berner RA (1987) Dissolution and pyritization of magnetite in anoxic marine sediments. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 51: 645?659

Chauchan DS (1974) Diagenetic pyrite from the lead-zinc deposits of Zawar, India. Mineral Depos 9: 69?73

Chen TT (1978) Colloform and framboidal pyrite from the Caribou deposit New Brunswick. Can. Mineral 16: 9?15

Dameron CT, Reese RN, Mehra RK, et al. (1989) Biosynthesis of cadmium sulphide quantum semiconductor crystallites. Nature 338: 596?597

Degens ET, Okada H, Honjo S, Hathaway JC (1972) Microcrystalline sphalerite in resin globules suspended in Lake Kivu, East Africa. Mineral Depos 7: 1?12

Duncan MA, Rouvray DH (1989) Microclusters. Sci Am Dec: 60?65

Elverhoi A (1977) Origin of framboidal pyrite in clayey Holocene sediments and in Jurassic black shale in the nortwestern part of the Barents Sea. Sedimentology 19: 591?595

Fabricius F (1961) Die Strukturen des ?Rogenpyrits? (Koessener Schichten, Raet) als Beitrag zum Problem der ?Vererzten Bakterien?. Geol Rundsch 51: 647?657

Farina M, Esquivel DMS, Lins de Barros (1990) Magnetic ironsulphur crystals from a magnetotactic microorganism. Nature 343: 256?258

Farrand M (1970) Framboidal sulphides precipitated synthetically. Mineral Depos 5: 237?247

Goldhaber MB, Kaplan IR (1974) The sulfur cycle. In: Goldberg ED, ed. The Sea. Wiley, New York, Vol. 5: 569?655

Honjo S, Fischer AG, Garrison R (1965) Geopetal pyrite in fine-grained limestones. J Sedim Petrol 35: 480?488

Hossain A (1975) The occurrence of polyframboidal pyrite in a beach sand deposit, Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh. Am Mineral 60: 157?158

Howarth RW (1979) Pyrite: its rapid formation in a salt marsh and its importance to ecosystem metabolism. Science 203: 49?51

Kalliokoski J (1965) Framboids: colloid-crystals of pyrite [abstract] Econ Geol 60: 1562

Kalliokoski J (1974) Pyrite framboid: animal, vegetable, or mineral? Geology 2: 26?27

Kalliokoski J, Cathles L (1969) Morphology, mode of formation, and diagenetic changes in framboids. Bull Geol Soc Finland 41: 125?133

Kanehira K, Bachinski D (1967) Framboidal pyrite and concentric features in ores from the Tilt Cove mine, N. E. Newfoundland. Can Min 9: 124?127

Kizilshtein LJ, Minaeva LG (1972) Origin of the framboidal pyrite. Dokl Akad Nauk SSSR 206: 1187?1189 (in Russian)

Kosacz R, Sawlowicz Z (1983) Framboidal pyrite from the copper deposit on the Fore-Sudetic monocline, Poland. Rudy Metale 8: 292?297 (in Polish)

Kribek B (1975) The origin of framboidal pyrite as a surface effect of sulphur grains. Mineral Depos 10: 389?396

Laufer EE, Scott JD, Packwood R (1985) Inhibition of pyrite growth by amorphous carbon. Can Mineral 23: 57?60

Locquin MV, Weber C (1978) Origine et structure des membranes organiques cellulaires des moneres archeo-paleozoiques. C R 103 e Congr Nat Soc Savantes Nancy 1978 (Sect Sci) 2: 27?28

Lougheed MS, Mancuso JJ (1973) Hematite framboids in the Negaunee Iron Formation, Michigan: evidence for their biogenic origin. Econ Geol 68: 202?209

Love LG (1958) Microorganisms and the presence of syngenetic pyrite. Q J Geol Soc London 113: 429?440

Love LG (1962) Biogenic primary sulfide of the Permian Kupferschiefer and Marl Slate. Econ Geol 57: 350?366

Love LG (1965) Micro-organic material with diagenetic pyrite from the Lower Proterozoic Mount Isa Shale and a Carboniferous shale. Proc Yorks Geol Soc 35: 187?202

Love LG (1967) Early diagenctic iron sulphide in Recent sediments of the Wash (England). Sedimentology 9: 327?352

Love LG (1971) Early diagenetic polyframboidal pyrite, primary and redeposited, from the Wenlockian Denbigh Grit Group, Conway, North Wales, UK. J Sedim Petrol 41: 1038?1044

Love LG, Amstutz GC (1966) Review of microscopic pyrite from the Devonian Chattanooga shale and Rammelsberg Banderz. Fortschr Miner 43: 273?309

Love LG, Amstutz GC (1969) Framboidal pyrite in two andesites. N Jarb Miner Mh 3: 97?108

Love LG, Brockley H (1973) Peripheral radial texture in framboids of polyframboidal pyrite. Fortschr Miner 50: 264?269

Love LG, Zimmerman DO (1961) Bedded pyrite and microorganisms from the Mount Isa Shale. Econ Geol 56: 873?896

Love LG, Al-Kaisy ATH, Brockley H (1984) Mineral and organic material in matrices and coatings of framboidal pyrite from Pennsylvanian sediments, England. J Sedim Petrol 54: 869?876

Luther GW III, Giblin A, Howarth RW, Ryans RA (1982) Pyrite and oxidized iron mineral phases formed from pyrite oxidation in salt marsh and estuarine sediments. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 46: 2665?2669

Mandelbrot BB (1982) The Fractal Geometry of Nature. San Francisco: 460 pp

Mann S (1988) Molecular recognition in biomineralization. Nature 332: 119?124

Mann S, Sparks NHC, et al. (1990) Biomineralization of ferrimagnetic greigite (Fe3S4) and iron pyrite (FeS2) in a magnetotactic bacterium. Nature 343: 258?261

Massaad M (1974) Framboidal pyrite in concretions. Mineral Depos 9: 87?89

McNeil DH (1990) Stratigraphy and paleoecology of the EoceneStellarima Assemblage Zone (pyrite diatom steinkerns) in the Beaufort-Mackenzie Basin, Arctic Canada. Bull Can Petrol Geol 38: 17?27

Menon KK (1967) Origin of diagenetic pyrite in the Quilon Limestone, Kerala, India. Nature 213: 1219?1220

Morrissey CJ (1972) A quasi-framboidal form of syn-sedimentary pyrite. Trans Instn Min Metall 81: B55-B56

Murowchick JB, Barnes HL (1987) Effects of temperature and degree of supersaturation on pyrite morphology. Am Mineral 72: 1241?1250

Neube A, Zweifel H, Amstutz GC (1978) On the occurrences of bravoite, framboidal pyrite, marcasite, pyrrhotite and possible plant remains in the Laiswall Lead and Zinc deposits, Sweden. N Jarb Miner Abh 132: 264?283

Neves R, Sullivan HJ (1964) Modification of fossil spore exines associated with the presence of pyrite crystals. Micropaleontol 10: 443?452

Ostwald J, England BM (1977) Notes on framboidal pyrite from Allandale New South Wales, Australia. Mineral Depos 12: 111?116

Papunen H (1966) Framboidal texture of the pyritic layer found in a peat bog in SE Finland. Bull Comm Geol Finlande 222: 117?125

Raiswell R (1982) Pyrite texture, isotopic composition, and the availability of iron. Am J Sci 282: 1244?1263

Ramberg H, Ekstrom T (1964) Note on preferred orientation of pyrite cubes in grit layers in slate. N Jarb Miner Monatsh Dtsch 8: 246?251

Ramdohr P (1955) Die Erzmineralien und ihre Verwachsungen. Akademie Verlag, Berlin: 875 pp

Raybould JG (1973) Framboidal pyrite associated with lead-zinc mincralisation in mid-Wales. Lithos 6: 175?182

Rickard DT (1969) The chemistry of iron sulphide formation at low temperatures. Stockholm Contr Geol 20: 67?95

Rickard DT (1970) The origin of framboids. Lithos 3: 269?293

Rickard DT (1975) Kinetics and mechanism of pyrite formation at low temperatures. Am J Sci 275: 636?652

Rickard DT (1989) Experimental concentration-time curves for the iron (II) sulphide precipitation process in aqueous solutions and their interpretation. Chem Geol 78: 315?324

Russell MJ, Hall AJ, Turner D (1989) In vitro growth of iron sulphide chimneys: possible culture chambers for origin-of-life experiments. Terra Nova 1: 238?241

Russell MJ, Hall AJ, Gize AP (1990) Pyrite and the origin of life. Nature 344: 387

Rust GW (1935) Colloidal primary copper ores at Cornwall Mines, southeastern Missouri. J Geol 43: 398?426

Sawlowicz Z (1987) Framboidal pyrite from the metamorphic Radzimowice Schists of Stara Gora (Lower Silesia, Poland). Mineral Polon 18: 57?67

Sawlowicz Z (1992) Primary sulphide mineralization in Cu-Fe-S zones of Kupferschiefer, Fore-Sudetic monocline, Poland. Trans Instn Min Metall (See. B: Appl Earth Sci), 101: B1?138

Sawlowicz Z (1990) Primary copper sulphides from the Kupferschiefer, Poland. Mineral Deposita, 25: 262?271

Schallreuther R (1984) Framboidal pyrite in deep-sea sediments. Init Rep DSDP 75: 875?891

Scheihing MH, Gluskoter HJ, Finkelman RB (1978) Intersticial networks of kaolinite within pyrite framboids in the Megis Coal of Ohio. J Sedim Petrol 48: 723?732

Schneiderhoehn H (1923) Chalkographische Untersuchung des Mansfelder Kupferschiefers. N Jarb Miner Geol Palaontol 47: 1?38

Schoonen MAA, Barnes HL (1991) Reactions forming pyrite and mareasite from solution. I Nucleation of FeS2 below 100°C. Submitted Geochim Cosmochim Acta 55: 1495?1504

Skei JM (1988) Formation of framboidal iron sulfide in the water of a permanently anoxic fjord -Framvaren, South Norway. Mar Chem 23: 345?352

Skripchenko NS (1968) Biogenic pyrite ore deposits. Dokl Akad Nauk SSSR 181: 177?179

Solomon PJ (1967) Investigations into sulfide mineralization at Mount Isa, Queensland. Econ Geol 60: 737?765

Spiro B, Rozenson I (1980) Distribution of iron species in some ?oil shales? of the Judea Desert, Israel. Chem Geol 28: 41?54

Steinike K (1963) A further remark on biogenic sulfides: inorganic pyrite spheres. Econ Geol 58: 998?1000

Stene LP (1979) Polyframboidal pyrite in the tills of southwestern Alberta. Can I Earth Sci 16: 2053?2057

Suk D, Peacor DR, Van Der Voo R (1990) Replacement of pyrite framboids by magnetite in limestone and implications for paleomagnetism. Nature 345: 611?613

Sunagawa I (1957) Variation in the crystal habit of pyrite. Geol Surv Jp Rep 175: 1?47

Sunagawa I, Endo Y, Nakai N (1971) Hydrothermal synthesis of framboidal pyrite. Soc Min Geol Jp Spec Issue 2: 10?14

Sweeney RE, Kaplan IR (1973) Pyrite framboid formation: laboratory synthesis and marine sediments. Econ Geol 68: 618?634

Taylor GR (1982) A mechanism for framboid formation as illustrated by a volcanic exhalative sediment. Miner Depos 17: 23?36

Taylor GR (1983) A mechanism for framboid formation ? the role of bacteria. Mineral Depos 18: 129?130

Thomsen E, Vorren TO (1984) Pyritization of tubes and burrows from Late Pleistocene continental shelf sediments off North Norway. Sedimentology 31: 481?492

Vallentyne JR (1963) Isolation of pyrite spherules from Recent sediments. Limnol Oceanogr 8: 16?30

Wiese RG Jr, Fyfe WS (1986) Occurrences of iron sulfides in Ohio coals. Int J Coal Geol 6: 251?276