Pupil size tracks perceptual content and surprise

European Journal of Neuroscience - Tập 41 Số 8 - Trang 1068-1078 - 2015
Niels A. Kloosterman1,2, Thomas Meindertsma1,3,2, Anouk M. van Loon1,4,2, Victor A. F. Lamme1,2, Yoram Bonneh5, Tobias H. Donner1,6,2
1Amsterdam Center for Brain and Cognition Institute for Interdisciplinary Studies University of Amsterdam Amsterdam the Netherlands
2Department of Psychology University of Amsterdam Weesperplein 4 Amsterdam 1018XA the Netherlands
3Department of Neurophysiology and Pathophysiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
4Department of Cognitive Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
5Department of Human Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
6Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Charité – Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany

Tóm tắt

AbstractChanges in pupil size at constant light levels reflect the activity of neuromodulatory brainstem centers that control global brain state. These endogenously driven pupil dynamics can be synchronized with cognitive acts. For example, the pupil dilates during the spontaneous switches of perception of a constant sensory input in bistable perceptual illusions. It is unknown whether this pupil dilation only indicates the occurrence of perceptual switches, or also their content. Here, we measured pupil diameter in human subjects reporting the subjective disappearance and re‐appearance of a physically constant visual target surrounded by a moving pattern (‘motion‐induced blindness’ illusion). We show that the pupil dilates during the perceptual switches in the illusion and a stimulus‐evoked ‘replay’ of that illusion. Critically, the switch‐related pupil dilation encodes perceptual content, with larger amplitude for disappearance than re‐appearance. This difference in pupil response amplitude enables prediction of the type of report (disappearance vs. re‐appearance) on individual switches (receiver‐operating characteristic: 61%). The amplitude difference is independent of the relative durations of target‐visible and target‐invisible intervals and subjects' overt behavioral report of the perceptual switches. Further, we show that pupil dilation during the replay also scales with the level of surprise about the timing of switches, but there is no evidence for an interaction between the effects of surprise and perceptual content on the pupil response. Taken together, our results suggest that pupil‐linked brain systems track both the content of, and surprise about, perceptual events.

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European Journal of Neuroscience

Tập 41 Số 8

1068-1078

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