Protein aggregation and its inhibition in biopharmaceutics

International Journal of Pharmaceutics - Tập 289 Số 1-2 - Trang 1-30 - 2005
Wei Wang1
1Biotechnology Division, Bayer HealthCare, 800 Dwight Way, Berkeley, CA 94701, USA

Tóm tắt

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Advant, 1995, The effect of pH and temperature on the self-association of recombinant human interleukin-2 as studied by equilibrium sedimentation, Pharm. Res., 12, 637, 10.1023/A:1016286920643

Alexandrescu, 1999, An NMR investigation of solution aggregation reactions preceding the misassembly of acid-denatured cold shock protein A into fibrils, J. Mol. Biol., 291, 1191, 10.1006/jmbi.1999.3039

Allison, 1996, Counteracting effects of thiocyanate and sucrose on chymotrypsinogen secondary structure and aggregation during freezing, drying, and rehydration, Biophys. J., 71, 2022, 10.1016/S0006-3495(96)79400-6

Anchordoquy, 1996, Polymers protect lactate dehydrogenase during freeze-drying by inhibiting dissociation in the frozen state, Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 332, 231, 10.1006/abbi.1996.0337

Andya, 2003, Mechanisms of aggregate formation and carbohydrate excipient stabilization of lyophilized humanized monoclonal antibody formulations, AAPS Pharm. Sci., 5, E10, 10.1208/ps050210

Andya, 1999, The effect of formulation excipients on protein stability and aerosol performance of spray-dried powders of a recombinant humanized anti-IgE monoclonal antibody, Pharm. Res., 16, 350, 10.1023/A:1018805232453

Apenten, 1998, Protein stability function relations: beta-lactoglobulin-A sulphydryl group reactivity and its relationship to protein unfolding stability, Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 23, 19, 10.1016/S0141-8130(98)00008-7

Arakawa, 2000, Protection of bovine serum albumin from aggregation by Tween 80, J. Pharm. Sci., 89, 646, 10.1002/(SICI)1520-6017(200005)89:5<646::AID-JPS10>3.0.CO;2-J

Arakawa, 1991, Protein–solvent interactions in pharmaceutical formulations, Pharm. Res., 8, 285, 10.1023/A:1015825027737

Arakawa, 2003, The effects of arginine on refolding of aggregated proteins: not facilitate refolding, but suppress aggregation, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 304, 148, 10.1016/S0006-291X(03)00578-3

Assemand, 2003, l-Tyrosine prevents aggregation of therapeutic proteins by gamma-irradiation, Biotechnol. Appl. Biochem., 38, 151, 10.1042/BA20030038

Bam, 1996, Molten globule intermediate of recombinant human growth hormone: stabilization with surfactants, Biotechnol. Prog., 12, 801, 10.1021/bp960068b

Bam, 1998, Tween protects recombinant human growth hormone against agitation-induced damage via hydrophobic interactions, J. Pharm. Sci., 87, 1554, 10.1021/js980175v

Bam, 1995, Stability of protein formulations: investigation of surfactant effects by a novel EPR spectroscopic technique, Pharm. Res., 12, 2, 10.1023/A:1016286600229

Batas, 1997, Studies of the hydrodynamic volume changes that occur during refolding of lysozyme using size-exclusion chromatography, J. Chromatogr. A, 766, 109, 10.1016/S0021-9673(96)01020-5

Baudys, 1995, Physical stabilization of insulin by glycosylation, J. Pharm. Sci., 84, 28, 10.1002/jps.2600840108

Boctor, 1992, Enhancement of the stability of thrombin by polyols: microcalorimetric studies, J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 44, 600, 10.1111/j.2042-7158.1992.tb05472.x

Booth, 1997, Instability, unfolding and aggregation of human lysozyme variants underlying amyloid fibrillogenesis, Nature, 385, 787, 10.1038/385787a0

Brange, 1997, Toward understanding insulin fibrillation, J. Pharm. Sci., 86, 517, 10.1021/js960297s

Brange, 1992, Chemical stability of insulin. 2. Formation of higher molecular weight transformation products during storage of pharmaceutical preparations, Pharm. Res., 9, 727, 10.1023/A:1015887001987

Breen, 2001, Effect of moisture on the stability of a lyophilized humanized monoclonal antibody formulation, Pharm. Res., 18, 1345, 10.1023/A:1013054431517

Bush, 1998, The formulation of recombinant factor IX: stability, robustness, and convenience, Semin. Hematol., 35, 18

Calamai, 2003, Relative influence of hydrophobicity and net charge in the aggregation of two homologous proteins, Biochemistry, 42, 15078, 10.1021/bi030135s

Cardamone, 1995, Comparing the refolding and reoxidation of recombinant porcine growth hormone from a urea denatured state and from Escherichia coli inclusion bodies, Biochemistry, 34, 5773, 10.1021/bi00017a009

Carpenter, 1989, An infrared spectroscopic study of the interactions of carbohydrates with dried proteins, Biochemistry, 28, 3916, 10.1021/bi00435a044

Carpenter, 1990, Comparison of solute-induced protein stabilization in aqueous solution and in frozen and dried state, J. Dairy Sci., 73, 3527, 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(90)79065-0

Carpenter, 1999, Inhibition of stress-induced aggregation of protein therapeutics, Methods Enzymol., 309, 236, 10.1016/S0076-6879(99)09018-7

Carpenter, 1997, Rational design of stable lyophilized protein formulations: some practical advice, Pharm. Res., 14, 969, 10.1023/A:1012180707283

Castellanos, 2003, Poly(ethylene glycol) as stabilizer and emulsifying agent: a novel stabilization approach preventing aggregation and inactivation of proteins upon encapsulation in bioerodible polyester microspheres, J. Control Rel., 88, 135, 10.1016/S0168-3659(02)00488-1

Chang, 1996, Physical factors affecting the storage stability of freeze-dried interleukin-1 receptor antagonist: glass transition and protein conformation, Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 331, 249, 10.1006/abbi.1996.0305

Chang, 1996, Surface-induced denaturation of proteins during freezing and its inhibition by surfactants, J. Pharm. Sci., 85, 1325, 10.1021/js960080y

Chang, 1996, Development of a stable freeze-dried formulation of recombinant human interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, Pharm. Res., 13, 243, 10.1023/A:1016043114998

Charman, 1993, Techniques for assessing the effects of pharmaceutical excipients on the aggregation of porcine growth hormone, Pharm. Res., 10, 954, 10.1023/A:1018994102218

Chen, 1999, Influence of calcium ions on the structure and stability of recombinant human deoxyribonuclease I in the aqueous and lyophilized states, J. Pharm. Sci., 88, 477, 10.1021/js980273g

Chen, 1994, Aggregation pathway of recombinant human keratinocyte growth factor and its stabilization, Pharm. Res., 11, 1581, 10.1023/A:1018905720139

Chi, 2003, Physical stability of proteins in aqueous solution: mechanism and driving forces in nonnative protein aggregation, Pharm. Res., 20, 1325, 10.1023/A:1025771421906

Cholewinski, 1996, Degradation pathways, analytical characterization and formulation strategies of a peptide and a protein. Calcitonine and human growth hormone in comparison, Pharm. Acta Helv., 71, 405, 10.1016/S0031-6865(96)00049-0

Chrunyk, 1993, Breakdown in the relationship between thermal and thermodynamic stability in an interleukin-1 beta point mutant modified in a surface loop, Protein Eng., 6, 733, 10.1093/protein/6.7.733

Clark, 1998, Refolding of recombinant proteins, Curr. Opin. Biotechnol., 9, 157, 10.1016/S0958-1669(98)80109-2

Clarke, 1997, Protein folding and intermediates, Curr. Opin. Biotechnol., 8, 400, 10.1016/S0958-1669(97)80060-2

Cleland, 1992, Polyethylene glycol enhanced protein refolding, Biotechnology (NY), 10, 1013, 10.1038/nbt0992-1013

Cleland, 1990, Refolding and aggregation of bovine carbonic anhydrase B: quasi-elastic light scattering analysis, Biochemistry, 29, 11072, 10.1021/bi00502a009

Cleland, 1992, Transient association of the first intermediate during the refolding of bovine carbonic anhydrase B, Biotechnol. Prog., 8, 97, 10.1021/bp00014a002

Costantino, 1998, Effect of mannitol crystallization on the stability and aerosol performance of a spray-dried pharmaceutical protein, recombinant humanized anti-IgE monoclonal antibody, J. Pharm. Sci., 87, 1406, 10.1021/js9800679

Costantino, 2000, Protein spray-freeze drying. Effect of atomization conditions on particle size and stability, Pharm. Res., 17, 1374, 10.1023/A:1007570030368

Costantino, 1995, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopic investigation of protein stability in the lyophilized form, Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1253, 69, 10.1016/0167-4838(95)00156-O

Costantino, 1994, Moisture-induced aggregation of lyophilized insulin, Pharm. Res., 11, 21, 10.1023/A:1018981208076

Costantino, 1994, Solid-phase aggregation of proteins under pharmaceutically relevant conditions, J. Pharm. Sci., 83, 1662, 10.1002/jps.2600831205

Costantino, 1995, Aggregation of a lyophilized pharmaceutical protein, recombinant human albumin: effect of moisture and stabilization by excipients, Biotechnology (NY), 13, 493, 10.1038/nbt0595-493

Costantino, 1996, The secondary structure and aggregation of lyophilized tetanus toxoid, J. Pharm. Sci., 85, 1290, 10.1021/js960148+

Crowe, 1993, Preserving dry biomaterials: the water replacement hypothesis, part 2, Biopharm, 6, 40

Curatolo, 1997, Recombinant human IL-2 is cytotoxic to oligodendrocytes after in vitro self-aggregation, Cytokine, 9, 734, 10.1006/cyto.1997.0228

Czaplewski, 1999, Identification of amino acid residues critical for aggregation of human CC chemokines macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1alpha, MIP-1beta, and RANTES. Characterization of active disaggregated chemokine variants, J. Biol. Chem., 274, 16077, 10.1074/jbc.274.23.16077

Damodaran, 1988, Kinetics of adsorption of proteins at interfaces: role of protein conformation in diffusional adsorption, Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 954, 253, 10.1016/0167-4838(88)90080-5

Darrington, 1995, Evidence for a common intermediate in insulin deamidation and covalent dimer formation: effects of pH and aniline trapping in dilute acidic solutions, J. Pharm. Sci., 84, 275, 10.1002/jps.2600840303

De Bernardez Clark, 1999, Inhibition of aggregation side reactions during in vitro protein folding, Methods Enzymol., 309, 217, 10.1016/S0076-6879(99)09017-5

De Young, 1993, Aggregation and denaturation of apomyoglobin in aqueous urea solutions, Biochemistry, 32, 3877, 10.1021/bi00066a006

Dong, 1997, Spectroscopic study of secondary structure and thermal denaturation of recombinant human factor XIII in aqueous solution, Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 347, 213, 10.1006/abbi.1997.0349

Dong, 1995, Infrared spectroscopic studies of lyophilization- and temperature-induced protein aggregation, J. Pharm. Sci., 84, 415, 10.1002/jps.2600840407

Durbin, 1996, Protein crystallization, Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem., 47, 171, 10.1146/annurev.physchem.47.1.171

Eberlein, 1994, Stability of rhbFGF as determined by UV spectroscopic measurements of turbidity, PDA J. Pharm. Sci. Technol., 48, 224

Eckhardt, 1991, Effect of freezing on aggregation of human growth hormone, Pharm. Res., 8, 1360, 10.1023/A:1015888704365

Fabian, 1999, Secondary structure and oligomerization behavior of equilibrium unfolding intermediates of the lambda cro repressor, Biochemistry, 38, 5633, 10.1021/bi982120d

Farruggia, 1997, Destabilization of human serum albumin by polyethylene glycols studied by thermodynamical equilibrium and kinetic approaches, Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 20, 43, 10.1016/S0141-8130(96)01150-6

Fatouros, 1997, Recombinant factor VIII SQ—influence of oxygen, metal ions, pH and ionic strength on its stability in aqueous solution, Int. J. Pharm., 155, 121, 10.1016/S0378-5173(97)00155-5

Ferrone, 1999, Analysis of protein aggregation kinetics, Methods Enzymol., 309, 256, 10.1016/S0076-6879(99)09019-9

Fields, 1992, Theory for the aggregation of proteins and copolymers, J. Phys. Chem., 96, 3974, 10.1021/j100189a013

Fink, 1998, Protein aggregation: folding aggregates, inclusion bodies and amyloid, Fold Des., 3, R9, 10.1016/S1359-0278(98)00002-9

Finke, 2000, Aggregation events occur prior to stable intermediate formation during refolding of interleukin 1beta, Biochemistry, 39, 575, 10.1021/bi991518m

Fox, 1995, Biopreservation. Putting proteins under glass, Science, 267, 1922, 10.1126/science.7701317

Franks, 1994, Long-term stabilization of biologicals, Biotechnology (NY), 12, 253, 10.1038/nbt0394-253

Fraser, 1994, Conformation and fibrillogenesis of Alzheimer A beta peptides with selected substitution of charged residues, J. Mol. Biol., 244, 64, 10.1006/jmbi.1994.1704

Frye, 1997, The kinetic basis for the stabilization of staphylococcal nuclease by xylose, Protein Sci., 6, 789, 10.1002/pro.5560060405

Garzon-Rodriguez, 2004, Optimizing storage stability of lyophilized recombinant human interleukin-11 with disaccharide/hydroxyethyl starch mixtures, J. Pharm. Sci., 93, 684, 10.1002/jps.10587

Georgiou, 1999, Isolating inclusion bodies from bacteria, Methods Enzymol., 309, 48, 10.1016/S0076-6879(99)09005-9

Georgiou, 1994, Folding and aggregation of TEM beta-lactamase: analogies with the formation of inclusion bodies in Escherichia coli, Protein Sci., 3, 1953, 10.1002/pro.5560031107

Giancola, 1997, DSC studies on bovine serum albumin denaturation. Effects of ionic strength and SDS concentration, Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 20, 193, 10.1016/S0141-8130(97)01159-8

Golbik, 1998, Thermodynamic stability and folding of GroEL minichaperones, J. Mol. Biol., 276, 505, 10.1006/jmbi.1997.1538

Gonzalez, 1995, Thermal stability of human immunoglobulins with sorbitol. A critical evaluation, Vox. Sang., 68, 1, 10.1111/j.1423-0410.1995.tb02535.x

Gorovits, 1998, High hydrostatic pressure can reverse aggregation of protein folding intermediates and facilitate acquisition of native structure, Biochemistry, 37, 6132, 10.1021/bi9730137

Gu, 1991, Stability of interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) in aqueous solution: analytical methods, kinetics, products, and solution formulation implications, Pharm. Res., 8, 485, 10.1023/A:1015851228163

Gupta, 1998, Effect of denaturant and protein concentrations upon protein refolding and aggregation: a simple lattice model, Protein Sci., 7, 2642, 10.1002/pro.5560071218

Hagiwara, 1996, Fractal analysis of aggregates formed by heating dilute BSA solutions using light scattering methods, Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem., 60, 1757, 10.1271/bbb.60.1757

Hammarstrom, 1999, Structural mapping of an aggregation nucleation site in a molten globule intermediate, J. Biol. Chem., 274, 32897, 10.1074/jbc.274.46.32897

Helms, 1996, Specificity of abnormal assembly in immunoglobulin light chain deposition disease and amyloidosis, J. Mol. Biol., 257, 77, 10.1006/jmbi.1996.0148

Hevehan, 1997, Oxidative renaturation of lysozyme at high concentrations, Biotechnol. Bioeng., 54, 221, 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0290(19970505)54:3<221::AID-BIT3>3.0.CO;2-H

Hinds, 2000, Synthesis and characterization of poly(ethylene glycol)–insulin conjugates, Bioconjug. Chem., 11, 195, 10.1021/bc9901189

Hora, 1992, Lyophilized formulations of recombinant tumor necrosis factor, Pharm. Res., 9, 33, 10.1023/A:1018919508463

Hora, 1992, Development of a lyophilized formulation of interleukin-2, Dev. Biol. Stand., 74, 295

Hsu, 1995, Surface denaturation at solid-void interface—a possible pathway by which opalescent particulates form during the storage of lyophilized tissue-type plasminogen activator at high temperatures, Pharm. Res., 12, 69, 10.1023/A:1016270103863

Ip, 1995, Stability of recombinant consensus interferon to air-jet and ultrasonic nebulization, J. Pharm. Sci., 84, 1210, 10.1002/jps.2600841013

Istrail, 1999, Lattice simulations of aggregation funnels for protein folding, J. Comput. Biol., 6, 143, 10.1089/cmb.1999.6.143

Jacob, 1999, Protein folding as a diffusional process, Biochemistry, 38, 13773, 10.1021/bi991503o

James, 1998, The mechanism of alpha 1-antitrypsin polymerization probed by fluorescence spectroscopy, Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 356, 296, 10.1006/abbi.1998.0751

Janek, 1999, Water-soluble beta-sheet models which self-assemble into fibrillar structures, Biochemistry, 38, 8246, 10.1021/bi990510+

Jarrett, 1993, Amyoid fibril formation requires a chemically discriminating nucleation event: studies of an amyloidogenic sequence from the bacterial protein OsmB, Biochemistry, 31, 12345, 10.1021/bi00164a008

Jordan, 1994, The aggregation of bovine serum albumin in solution and in the solid state, J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 46, 182, 10.1111/j.2042-7158.1994.tb03774.x

Kanaoka, 1999, Stabilization of aerosolized IFN-gamma by liposomes, Int. J. Pharm., 188, 165, 10.1016/S0378-5173(99)00218-5

Karuppiah, 1995, Cyclodextrins as protein folding aids, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 211, 60, 10.1006/bbrc.1995.1778

Katakam, 1995, Aggregation of insulin and its prevention by carbohydrate excipients, PDA J. Pharm. Sci. Technol., 49, 160

Katakam, 1997, Use of poloxamer polymers to stabilize recombinant human growth hormone against various processing stresses, Pharm. Dev. Technol., 2, 143, 10.3109/10837459709022619

Katakam, 1995, Effect of surfactants on the physical stability of recombinant human growth hormone, J. Pharm. Sci., 84, 713, 10.1002/jps.2600840609

Kato, 1988, Formation of intermolecular b-sheet structure during heat denaturation of ovalbumin, J. Agric. Food Chem., 36, 1156, 10.1021/jf00084a007

Kendrick, 1998, A transient expansion of the native state precedes aggregation of recombinant human interferon-gamma, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 95, 14142, 10.1073/pnas.95.24.14142

Kendrick, 1997, Preferential exclusion of sucrose from recombinant interleukin-1 receptor antagonist: role in restricted conformational mobility and compaction of native state, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 94, 11917, 10.1073/pnas.94.22.11917

Kendrick, 1998, Aggregation of recombinant human interferon gamma: kinetics and structural transitions, J. Pharm. Sci., 87, 1069, 10.1021/js9801384

Kerwin, 1999, Acute and long-term stability studies of deoxy hemoglobin and characterization of ascorbate-induced modifications, J. Pharm. Sci., 88, 79, 10.1021/js980221r

Kerwin, 1998, Effects of Tween 80 and sucrose on acute short-term stability and long-term storage at −20°C of a recombinant hemoglobin, J. Pharm. Sci., 87, 1062, 10.1021/js980140v

Khossravi, 2000, Evidence for the involvement of histidine A(12) in the aggregation and precipitation of human relaxin induced by metal-catalyzed oxidation, Biochemistry, 39, 5876, 10.1021/bi9924720

Khurana, 2001, Partially folded intermediates as critical precursors of light chain amyloid fibrils and amorphous aggregates, Biochemistry, 40, 3525, 10.1021/bi001782b

Kim, 1996, Folding pathway of human alpha 1-antitrypsin: characterization of an intermediate that is active but prone to aggregation, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 226, 378, 10.1006/bbrc.1996.1364

King, 1997, Refolding with a piece of the ring, Nat. Biotechnol., 15, 514, 10.1038/nbt0697-514

Kita, 2002, Salts and glycine increase reversibility and decrease aggregation during thermal unfolding of ribonuclease-A, Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem., 66, 880, 10.1271/bbb.66.880

Klein, 1995, Protein aggregation kinetics in an Escherichia coli strain overexpressing a Salmonella typhimurium CheY mutant gene, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 61, 1220, 10.1128/AEM.61.4.1220-1225.1995

Knappik, 1995, Engineered turns of a recombinant antibody improve its in vivo folding, Protein Eng., 8, 81, 10.1093/protein/8.1.81

Kohn, 1997, Salt effects on protein stability: two-stranded alpha-helical coiled-coils containing inter- or intrahelical ion pairs, J. Mol. Biol., 267, 1039, 10.1006/jmbi.1997.0930

Koo, 1999, Amyloid diseases: abnormal protein aggregation in neurodegeneration, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 96, 9989, 10.1073/pnas.96.18.9989

Kreilgaard, 1998, Effects of additives on the stability of recombinant human factor XIII during freeze-drying and storage in the dried solid, Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 360, 121, 10.1006/abbi.1998.0948

Kreilgaard, 1999, Effects of additives on the stability of Humicola lanuginosa lipase during freeze-drying and storage in the dried solid, J. Pharm. Sci., 88, 281, 10.1021/js980399d

Kreilgaard, 1998, Effect of Tween 20 on freeze-thawing-and agitation-induced aggregation of recombinant human factor XIII, J. Pharm. Sci., 87, 1597, 10.1021/js980126i

Krishnamurthy, 2002, The stability factor: importance in formulation development, Curr. Pharm. Biotechnol., 3, 361, 10.2174/1389201023378229

Krishnan, 2002, Aggregation of granulocyte colony stimulating factor under physiological conditions: characterization and thermodynamic inhibition, Biochemistry, 41, 6422, 10.1021/bi012006m

Kuhlman, 1998, Global analysis of the effects of temperature and denaturant on the folding and unfolding kinetics of the N-terminal domain of the protein L9, J. Mol. Biol., 284, 1661, 10.1006/jmbi.1998.2246

Kuhlman, 1997, An exceptionally stable helix from the ribosomal protein L9: implications for protein folding and stability, J. Mol. Biol., 270, 640, 10.1006/jmbi.1997.1146

Kurochkin, 1995, Domain structure, stability and domain–domain interactions in recombinant factor XIII, J. Mol. Biol., 248, 414, 10.1016/S0022-2836(95)80060-3

Kwon, 2001, In situ study of insulin aggregation induced by water-organic solvent interface, Pharm. Res., 18, 1754, 10.1023/A:1013334916162

Lazo, 1997, Beta-helical fibrils from a model peptide, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 235, 675, 10.1006/bbrc.1997.6863

Ledl, 1989, Chemical pathways of the Maillard reaction, Prog. Clin. Biol. Res., 304, 23

Li, 1995, Aggregation and precipitation of human relaxin induced by metal-catalyzed oxidation, Biochemistry, 34, 5762, 10.1021/bi00017a008

Liang, 1990, In vitro non-enzymatic glycation and formation of browning products in the bovine lens alpha-crystallin, Exp. Eye Res., 50, 367, 10.1016/0014-4835(90)90137-J

Liu, 1990, Moisture-induced aggregation of lyophilized proteins in the solid state, Biotechnol. Bioeng., 37, 177, 10.1002/bit.260370210

Lomakin, 1999, Monitoring protein assembly using quasielastic light scattering spectroscopy, Methods Enzymol., 309, 429, 10.1016/S0076-6879(99)09029-1

Lomakin, 1997, Kinetic theory of fibrillogenesis of amyloid beta-protein, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 94, 7942, 10.1073/pnas.94.15.7942

Lueckel, 1998, Effects of formulation and process variables on the aggregation of freeze-dried interleukin-6 (IL-6) after lyophilization and on storage, Pharm. Dev. Technol., 3, 337, 10.3109/10837459809009861

Lundblad, 1997, Applications of site-specific chemical modification in the manufacture of biopharmaceuticals, Biotechnol. Appl. Biochem., 26, 143, 10.1111/j.1470-8744.1997.tb01322.x

Maa, 1997, Protein denaturation by combined effect of shear and air–liquid interface, Biotechnol. Bioeng., 54, 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0290(19970620)54:6<503::AID-BIT1>3.0.CO;2-N

Maclean, 2002, Stabilization of proteins by low molecular weight multi-ions, J. Pharm. Sci., 91, 2220, 10.1002/jps.10219

Maeda, 1996, Effective renaturation of denatured and reduced immunoglobulin G in vitro without assistance of chaperone, Protein Eng., 9, 95, 10.1093/protein/9.1.95

Maeda, 1996, Effect of additives on the renaturation of reduced lysozyme in the presence of 4 m urea, Protein Eng., 9, 461, 10.1093/protein/9.5.461

Malencik, 2003, Dityrosine as a product of oxidative stress and fluorescent probe, Amino Acids, 25, 233, 10.1007/s00726-003-0014-z

Manning, 1995, Approaches for increasing the solution stability of proteins, Biotechnol. Bioeng., 48, 506, 10.1002/bit.260480513

Matsuura, 1993, Conformation of human calcitonin gene-related peptide (8–37) in aqueous solution as determined by circular dichroism spectroscopy, J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 11, 89, 10.1016/0731-7085(93)80128-N

Mozhaev, 1984, Structure–stability relationships in proteins: new approaches to stabilizing enzymes, Enzyme Microb. Technol., 6, 50, 10.1016/0141-0229(84)90034-6

Murphy, 1992, Molecular basis of co-operativity in protein folding. III. Structural identification of folding units and folding intermediates, J. Mol. Biol., 227, 293, 10.1016/0022-2836(92)90699-K

Narhi, 1999, Reversibility of heat-induced denaturation of the recombinant human megakaryocyte growth and development factor, Pharm. Res., 16, 799, 10.1023/A:1018893115557

Nesta, 2000, Supercritical fluid precipitation of recombinant human immunoglobulin from aqueous solutions, Biotechnol. Bioeng., 67, 457, 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0290(20000220)67:4<457::AID-BIT9>3.0.CO;2-K

Nguyen, 2002, Effect of rate of chemical or thermal renaturation on refolding and aggregation of a simple lattice protein, Biotechnol. Bioeng., 80, 823, 10.1002/bit.10448

Nguyen, 2003, Characterization methods for the physical stability of biopharmaceuticals, PDA J. Pharm. Sci. Technol., 57, 429

Nielsen, 2001, Probing the mechanism of insulin fibril formation with insulin mutants, Biochemistry, 40, 8397, 10.1021/bi0105983

Nielsen, 2001, Studies of the structure of insulin fibrils by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and electron microscopy, J. Pharm. Sci., 90, 29, 10.1002/1520-6017(200101)90:1<29::AID-JPS4>3.0.CO;2-4

Oliva, 1999, Stability study of human serum albumin pharmaceutical preparations, J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 51, 385, 10.1211/0022357991772574

Parbhu, 2002, Imaging real-time aggregation of amyloid beta protein (1–42) by atomic force microscopy, Peptides, 23, 1265, 10.1016/S0196-9781(02)00061-X

Patro, 1994, Simulations of kinetically irreversible protein aggregate structure, Biophys. J., 66, 1274, 10.1016/S0006-3495(94)80922-1

Perlman, 1992, Pharmaceutics of protein drugs, J. Pharm. Pharmcol., 44, 178

Pikal, 1991, The effects of formulation variables on the stability of freeze-dried human growth hormone, Pharm. Res., 8, 427, 10.1023/A:1015834724528

Popov, 1999, Protein folding as a nonlinear nonequilibrium thermodynamic process, Biochem. Mol. Biol. Int., 47, 443

Prasanna, 1999, Effect of amino acid substitutions at the subunit interface on the stability and aggregation properties of a dimeric protein: role of Arg 178 and Arg 218 at the Dimer interface of thymidylate synthase, Proteins, 34, 356, 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0134(19990215)34:3<356::AID-PROT8>3.0.CO;2-O

Prestrelski, 1993, Dehydration-induced conformational transitions in proteins and their inhibition by stabilizers, Biophys. J., 65, 661, 10.1016/S0006-3495(93)81120-2

Querol, 1996, Analysis of protein conformational characteristics related to thermostability, Protein Eng., 9, 265, 10.1093/protein/9.3.265

Raman, 1997, Effect of the chaperone-like alpha-crystallin on the refolding of lysozyme and ribonuclease A, FEBS Lett., 416, 369, 10.1016/S0014-5793(97)01240-4

Rariy, 1997, Correct protein folding in glycerol, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 94, 13520, 10.1073/pnas.94.25.13520

Renard, 1999, Structural investigation of beta-lactoglobulin gelation in ethanol/water solutions, Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 26, 35, 10.1016/S0141-8130(99)00060-4

Richards, 1998, Self-association properties of monomeric insulin analogs under formulation conditions, Pharm. Res., 15, 1434, 10.1023/A:1011961923870

Roefs, 1994, A model for the denaturation and aggregation of beta-lactoglobulin, Eur. J. Biochem., 226, 883, 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1994.00883.x

Roy, 1992, The effects of formulation and moisture on the stability of a freeze-dried monoclonal antibody-vinca conjugate: a test of the WLF glass transition theory, Dev. Biol. Stand., 74, 323

Rozema, 1996, Artificial chaperone-assisted refolding of carbonic anhydrase B, J. Biol. Chem., 271, 3478, 10.1074/jbc.271.7.3478

Rozema, 1996, Artificial chaperone-assisted refolding of denatured-reduced lysozyme: modulation of the competition between renaturation and aggregation, Biochemistry, 35, 15760, 10.1021/bi961638j

Runkel, 1998, Structural and functional differences between glycosylated and non-glycosylated forms of human interferon-beta (IFN-beta), Pharm. Res., 15, 641, 10.1023/A:1011974512425

Rupley, 1991, Protein hydration and function, Adv. Protein Chem., 41, 37, 10.1016/S0065-3233(08)60197-7

Sadhale, 1999, Stabilization of insulin against agitation-induced aggregation by the GMO cubic phase gel, Int. J. Pharm., 191, 51, 10.1016/S0378-5173(99)00288-4

Safar, 1994, Scrapie amyloid (prion) protein has the conformational characteristics of an aggregated molten globule folding intermediate, Biochemistry, 33, 8375, 10.1021/bi00193a027

Sah, 1999, Stabilization of proteins against methylene chloride/water interface-induced denaturation and aggregation, J. Control Rel., 58, 143, 10.1016/S0168-3659(98)00148-5

Sane, 2004, Raman spectroscopic characterization of drying-induced structural changes in a therapeutic antibody: correlating structural changes with long-term stability, J. Pharm. Sci., 93, 1005, 10.1002/jps.20014

Sarciaux, 1999, Effects of buffer composition and processing conditions on aggregation of bovine IgG during freeze-drying, J. Pharm. Sci., 88, 1354, 10.1021/js980383n

Sarciaux, 1998, Effect of species, processing conditions and phosphate buffer composition on IgG aggregation during lyophilization, Pharm. Sci. (Suppl.), 1, S-545

Sato, 1995, Correlation among secondary structure, amyloid precursor protein accumulation, and neurotoxicity of amyloid b(25–35) peptide as analyzed by single alanine substitution, J. Biochem. (Tokyo), 118, 1108, 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a124994

Scalley, 1997, Protein folding kinetics exhibit an Arrhenius temperature dependence when corrected for the temperature dependence of protein stability, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 94, 10636, 10.1073/pnas.94.20.10636

Schein, 1990, Solubility as a function of protein structure and solvent components, Biotechnology, 8, 308, 10.1038/nbt0490-308

Schuler, 1999, Formation of fibrous aggregates from a non-native intermediate: the isolated P22 tailspike beta-helix domain, J. Biol. Chem., 274, 18589, 10.1074/jbc.274.26.18589

Schwendeman, 1995, Stabilization of tetanus and diphtheria toxoids against moisture-induced aggregation, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 92, 11234, 10.1073/pnas.92.24.11234

Schwendeman, 1996, Strategies for stabilising tetanus toxoid towards the development of a single-dose tetanus vaccine, Dev. Biol. Stand., 87, 293

Separovic, 1998, A solid-state NMR study of protein hydration and stability, Pharm. Res., 15, 1816, 10.1023/A:1011993620177

Shahrokh, 1994, Major degradation products of basic fibroblast growth factor: detection of succinimide and iso-aspartate in place of aspartate, Pharm. Res., 11, 936, 10.1023/A:1018962732067

Shahrokh, 1994, Approaches to analysis of aggregates and demonstrating mass balance in pharmaceutical protein (basic fibroblast growth factor) formulations, J. Pharm. Sci., 83, 1645, 10.1002/jps.2600831202

Shen, 1993, Light scattering analysis of fibril growth from amino-terminal fragment b(1–28) of beta-amyloid peptide, Biophys. J., 65, 2383, 10.1016/S0006-3495(93)81312-2

Sluzky, 1992, Mechanism of insulin aggregation and stabilization in agitated aqueous solutions, Biotechnol. Bioeng., 40, 895, 10.1002/bit.260400805

Sluzky, 1991, Kinetics of insulin aggregation in aqueous solutions upon agitation in the presence of hydrophobic surfaces, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 88, 9377, 10.1073/pnas.88.21.9377

Smith, 2001, Protein refolding versus aggregation: computer simulations on an intermediate-resolution protein model, J. Mol. Biol., 312, 187, 10.1006/jmbi.2001.4845

Soenderkaer, 2004, Effects of sucrose on rFVIIa aggregation and methionine oxidation, Eur. J. Pharm. Sci., 21, 597, 10.1016/j.ejps.2003.12.010

Soto, 1996, The conformation of Alzheimer's beta peptide determines the rate of amyloid formation and is resistance to proteolysis, Biochem. J., 314, 701, 10.1042/bj3140701

Soto, 1995, The alpha-helical to beta-strand transition in the amino-terminal fragment of the amyloid beta-peptide modulates amyloid formation, J. Biol. Chem., 270, 3063, 10.1074/jbc.270.7.3063

Soto, 1996, Inhibition of Alzheimer's amyloidosis by peptides that prevent beta-sheet conformation, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 226, 672, 10.1006/bbrc.1996.1413

Speed, 1997, Polymerization mechanism of polypeptide chain aggregation, Biotechnol. Bioeng., 54, 333, 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0290(19970520)54:4<333::AID-BIT6>3.0.CO;2-L

Stefani, 2003, Protein aggregation and aggregate toxicity: new insights into protein folding, misfolding diseases and biological evolution, J. Mol. Med., 81, 678, 10.1007/s00109-003-0464-5

Stempfer, 1996, Improved refolding of an immobilized fusion protein, Nat. Biotechnol., 14, 329, 10.1038/nbt0396-329

Stigter, 1993, Theory for protein solubilities, Fluid Phase Equilib., 82, 237, 10.1016/0378-3812(93)87148-T

Stockel, 1997, Pathway of detergent-mediated and peptide ligand-mediated refolding of heterodimeric class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, Eur. J. Biochem., 248, 684, 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1997.t01-2-00684.x

Strickley, 1997, Solid-state stability of human insulin. II. Effect of water on reactive intermediate partitioning in lyophiles from pH 2–5 solutions: stabilization against covalent dimer formation, J. Pharm. Sci., 86, 645, 10.1021/js9700311

Szabo, 1999, An FT-IR study of the beta-amyloid conformation: standardization of aggregation grade, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 265, 297, 10.1006/bbrc.1999.1667

Teschke, 1999, Aggregation and assembly of phage P22 temperature-sensitive coat protein mutants in vitro mimic the in vivo phenotype, Biochemistry, 38, 2873, 10.1021/bi982739f

Thomas, 1997, Molecular chaperones, folding catalysts, and the recovery of active recombinant proteins from E. coli. To fold or to refold, Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol., 66, 197, 10.1007/BF02785589

Timasheff, 1998, Control of protein stability and reactions by weakly interacting cosolvents: the simplicity of the complicated, Adv. Protein Chem., 51, 355, 10.1016/S0065-3233(08)60656-7

Tobitani, 1997, Heat-induced gelation of globular proteins. 2. Effect of environmental factors on single-component and mixed-protein gels, Macromolecules, 30, 4855, 10.1021/ma970113b

Tokihiro, 1997, Varying effects of cyclodextrin derivatives on aggregation and thermal behavior of insulin in aqueous solution, Chem. Pharm. Bull. (Tokyo), 45, 525, 10.1248/cpb.45.525

Tomski, 1992, Kinetics of aggregation of synthetic b-amyloid peptide, Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 294, 630, 10.1016/0003-9861(92)90735-F

Townsend, 1990, The effects of formulation additives on the degradation of freeze-dried ribonuclease A, Pharm. Res., 7, 1086, 10.1023/A:1015959604616

Treuheit, 2002, Inverse relationship of protein concentration and aggregation, Pharm. Res., 19, 511, 10.1023/A:1015108115452

Tsai, 1998, I. Study of protein aggregation due to heat denaturation: a structural approach using circular dichroism spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, and static light scattering, Biotechnol. Bioeng., 59, 273, 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0290(19980805)59:3<273::AID-BIT2>3.0.CO;2-8

Tsai, 1998, II. Electrostatic effect in the aggregation of heat-denatured RNase A and implications for protein additive design, Biotechnol. Bioeng., 59, 281, 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0290(19980805)59:3<281::AID-BIT3>3.0.CO;2-7

Tsai, 1993, Formulation design of acidic fibroblast growth factor, Pharm. Res., 10, 649, 10.1023/A:1018939228201

Tsai, 1998, High-pressure effects on vacuolar H+-ATPase from etiolated mung bean seedlings, J. Protein Chem., 17, 161, 10.1023/A:1022535701279

Tsumoto, 2003, Solubilization of active green fluorescent protein from insoluble particles by guanidine and arginine, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 312, 1383, 10.1016/j.bbrc.2003.11.055

Tzannis, 1999, Moisture effects on protein–excipient interactions in spray-dried powders. Nature of destabilizing effects of sucrose, J. Pharm. Sci., 88, 360, 10.1021/js9800127

Uversky, 1999, Association of partially-folded intermediates of staphylococcal nuclease induces structure and stability, Protein Sci., 8, 161, 10.1110/ps.8.1.161

van den Berg, 1999, The oxidative refolding of hen lysozyme and its catalysis by protein disulfide isomerase, EMBO J., 18, 4794, 10.1093/emboj/18.17.4794

van den Berg, 1999, Effects of macromolecular crowding on protein folding and aggregation, EMBO J., 18, 6927, 10.1093/emboj/18.24.6927

Vemuri, 1993, Formulation and stability of recombinant alpha 1-antitrypsin, Pharm. Biotechnol., 5, 263, 10.1007/978-1-4899-1236-7_9

Vermeer, 2000, The thermal stability of immunoglobulin: unfolding and aggregation of a multi-domain protein, Biophys. J., 78, 394, 10.1016/S0006-3495(00)76602-1

Volkin, 1989, Minimizing protein inactivation, 1

Volkin, 1996, The characterization, stabilization, and formulation of acidic fibroblast growth factor, Pharm. Biotechnol., 9, 181, 10.1007/0-306-47452-2_3

Volkin, 1993, Physical stabilization of acidic fibroblast growth factor by polyanions, Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 300, 30, 10.1006/abbi.1993.1005

Vrkljan, 1994, Thermal stability of low molecular weight urokinase during heat treatment. II. Effect of polymeric additives, Pharm. Res., 11, 1004, 10.1023/A:1018935420680

Wall, 1999, Flow cytometric characterization of amyloid fibrils, Methods Enzymol., 309, 460, 10.1016/S0076-6879(99)09030-8

Wang, 1995, Effects of a naturally occurring compatible osmolyte on the internal dynamics of ribonuclease A, Biochemistry, 34, 15096, 10.1021/bi00046a016

Wang, 1993, Enhanced stability of two model proteins in an agitated solution environment using poloxamer 407, J. Parenter. Sci. Technol., 47, 183

Wang, 1999, Instability, stabilization, and formulation of liquid protein pharmaceuticals, Int. J. Pharm., 185, 129, 10.1016/S0378-5173(99)00152-0

Wang, 2000, Lyophilization and development of solid protein pharmaceuticals, Int. J. Pharm., 203, 1, 10.1016/S0378-5173(00)00423-3

Wang, 1996, Characterization, stability, and formulations of basic fibroblast growth factor, Pharm. Biotechnol., 9, 141, 10.1007/0-306-47452-2_2

Webb, 2002, A new mechanism for decreasing aggregation of recombinant human interferon-gamma by a surfactant: slowed dissolution of lyophilized formulations in a solution containing 0.03% polysorbate 20, J. Pharm. Sci., 91, 543, 10.1002/jps.10033

Webb, 2003, Effects of annealing lyophilized and spray-lyophilized formulations of recombinant human interferon-gamma, J. Pharm. Sci., 92, 715, 10.1002/jps.10334

Webb, 2002, Surface adsorption of recombinant human interferon-gamma in lyophilized and spray-lyophilized formulations, J. Pharm. Sci., 91, 1474, 10.1002/jps.10135

Wen, 1996, Size-exclusion chromatography with on-line light-scattering, absorbance, and refractive index detectors for studying proteins and their interactions, Anal. Biochem., 240, 155, 10.1006/abio.1996.0345

Wetlaufer, 1995, Control of aggregation in protein refolding: a variety of surfactants promote renaturation of carbonic anhydrase II, Protein Sci., 4, 1535, 10.1002/pro.5560040811

Wetzel, 1996, For protein misassembly, it's the “I” decade, Cell, 86, 699, 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80143-9

Won, 1998, Stabilizers against heat-induced aggregation of RPR, 114849, an acidic fibroblast growth factor (AFGF), Int. J. Pharm., 167, 25, 10.1016/S0378-5173(98)00038-6

Xie, 1996, Control of aggregation in protein refolding: the temperature-leap tactic, Protein Sci., 5, 517, 10.1002/pro.5560050314

Yasuda, 1998, Effect of additives on refolding of a denatured protein, Biotechnol. Prog., 14, 601, 10.1021/bp9800438

Yon, 1996, The specificity of protein aggregation [new; comment], Nat. Biotechnol., 14, 1231, 10.1038/nbt1096-1231

Yoshioka, 1993, Aggregates formed during storage of beta-galactosidase in solution and in the freeze-dried state, Pharm. Res., 10, 687, 10.1023/A:1018951530927

Zarina, 2000, Advanced glycation end products in human senile and diabetic cataractous lenses, Mol. Cell Biochem., 210, 29, 10.1023/A:1007015416572

Zhang, 1995, NMR study of the cold, heat, and pressure unfolding of ribonuclease A, Biochemistry, 34, 8631, 10.1021/bi00027a012

Zhang, 1995, A new strategy for enhancing the stability of lyophilized protein: the effect of the reconstitution medium on keratinocyte growth factor, Pharm. Res., 12, 1447, 10.1023/A:1016219000963

Zlateva, 1999, Factors affecting the dissociation and aggregation of human interferon gamma, Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 26, 357, 10.1016/S0141-8130(99)00107-5