Proteases in bacterial pathogenesis

Alix, 2008, Peptide-assisted degradation of the Salmonella MgtC virulence factor, EMBO J., 27, 546, 10.1038/sj.emboj.7601983

Bäumler, 1994, Salmonella typhimurium loci involved in survival within macrophages, Infect. Immun., 62, 1623, 10.1128/iai.62.5.1623-1630.1994

Bertani, 2007, The Pseudomonas putida Lon protease is involved in N-acyl homoserine lactone quorum sensing regulation, BMC Microbiol., 7, 71, 10.1186/1471-2180-7-71

Biswas, 2005, Role of HtrA in surface protein expression and biofilm formation by Streptococcus mutans, Infect. Immun., 73, 6923, 10.1128/IAI.73.10.6923-6934.2005

Boddicker, 2004, Lon protease activity causes down-regulation of Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 invasion gene expression after infection of epithelial cells, Infect. Immun., 72, 2002, 10.1128/IAI.72.4.2002-2013.2004

Borezée, 2001, SvpA, a novel surface virulence-associated protein required for intracellular survival of Listeria monocytogenes, Microbiology, 147, 2913, 10.1099/00221287-147-11-2913

Böttcher, 2008, Beta-lactones as specific inhibitors of ClpP attenuate the production of extracellular virulence factors of Staphylococcus aureus, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 130, 14400, 10.1021/ja8051365

Bretz, 2002, Lon protease functions as a negative regulator of type III protein secretion in Pseudomonas syringae, Mol. Microbiol., 45, 397, 10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.03008.x

Brøndsted, 2005, The HtrA protease of Campylobacter jejuni is required for heat and oxygen tolerance and for optimal interaction with human epithelial cells, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 71, 3205, 10.1128/AEM.71.6.3205-3212.2005

Brötz-Oesterhelt, 2005, Dysregulation of bacterial proteolytic machinery by a new class of antibiotics, Nat. Med., 11, 1082, 10.1038/nm1306

Butler, 2006, Self-compartmentalized bacterial proteases and pathogenesis, Mol. Microbiol., 60, 553, 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2006.05128.x

Cohn, 2007, Contribution of conserved ATP-dependent proteases of Campylobacter jejuni to stress tolerance and virulence, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 73, 7803, 10.1128/AEM.00698-07

Cole, 2007, Role of group A Streptococcus HtrA in the maturation of SpeB protease, Proteomics, 7, 4488, 10.1002/pmic.200700626

Cossart, 1998, Interactions of Listeria monocytogenes with mammalian cells during entry and actin-based movement: bacterial factors, cellular ligands and signaling, EMBO J., 17, 3797, 10.1093/emboj/17.14.3797

Fälker, 2006, Altered Ca(2+) regulation of Yop secretion in Yersinia enterocolitica after DNA adenine methyltransferase overproduction is mediated by Clp-dependent degradation of LcrG, J. Bacteriol., 188, 7072, 10.1128/JB.00583-06

Frase, 2007, Peptidyl boronates inhibit Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium Lon protease by a competitive ATP-dependent mechanism, Biochemistry, 46, 6647, 10.1021/bi7002789

Frees, 2004, Clp ATPases are required for stress tolerance, intracellular replication and biofilm formation in Staphylococcus aureus, Mol. Microbiol., 54, 1445, 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2004.04368.x

Frees, 2003, Alternative roles of ClpX and ClpP in Staphylococcus aureus stress tolerance and virulence, Mol. Microbiol., 48, 1565, 10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03524.x

Frees, 2007, Clp ATPases and ClpP proteolytic complexes regulate vital biological processes in low GC, Gram-positive bacteria, Mol. Microbiol., 63, 1285, 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2007.05598.x

Gaillot, 2000, The ClpP serine protease is essential for the intracellular parasitism and virulence of Listeria monocytogenes, Mol. Microbiol., 35, 1286, 10.1046/j.1365-2958.2000.01773.x

Gur, 2008, Recognition of misfolded proteins by Lon, a AAA(+) protease, Genes Dev., 22, 2267, 10.1101/gad.1670908

Herbst, 2009, Intrinsic thermal sensing controls proteolysis of Yersinia virulence regulator RovA, PLoS Pathog., 5, e1000435, 10.1371/journal.ppat.1000435

Humphreys, 1999, The alternative sigma factor, sigmaE, is critically important for the virulence of Salmonella typhimurium, Infect. Immun., 67, 1560, 10.1128/IAI.67.4.1560-1568.1999

Ibrahim, 2005, Contribution of the ATP-dependent protease ClpCP to the autolysis and virulence of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Infect. Immun., 73, 730, 10.1128/IAI.73.2.730-740.2005

Ito, 2005, Cellular functions, mechanism of action, and regulation of FtsH protease, Annu. Rev. Microbiol., 59, 211, 10.1146/annurev.micro.59.030804.121316

Iyoda, 2005, ClpXP protease controls expression of the type III protein secretion system through regulation of RpoS and GrlR levels in enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli, J. Bacteriol., 187, 4086, 10.1128/JB.187.12.4086-4094.2005

Jackson, 2004, The ATP-dependent ClpXP and Lon proteases regulate expression of the Yersinia pestis type III secretion system via regulated proteolysis of YmoA, a small histone-like protein, Mol. Microbiol., 54, 1364, 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2004.04353.x

Jelsbak, 2009, Growth phase-dependent regulation of the global virulence regulator rot in clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, Int. J. Med. Microbiol.

Kage, 2008, Coordinated regulation of expression of Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 and flagellar type III secretion systems by ATP-dependent ClpXP protease, J. Bacteriol., 190, 2470, 10.1128/JB.01385-07

Kirstein, 2009, Adapting the machine: adaptor proteins for Hsp100/Clp and AAA+ proteases, Nat. Rev. Microbiol., 7, 589, 10.1038/nrmicro2185

Krojer, 2008, Structural basis for the regulated protease and chaperone function of DegP, Nature, 453, 885, 10.1038/nature07004

Krüger, 2000, The clp proteases of Bacillus subtilis are directly involved in degradation of misfolded proteins, J. Bacteriol., 182, 3259, 10.1128/JB.182.11.3259-3265.2000

Kwon, 2004, The ClpP protease of Streptococcus pneumoniae modulates virulence gene expression and protects against fatal pneumococcal challenge, Infect. Immun., 72, 5646, 10.1128/IAI.72.10.5646-5653.2004

Lewis, 2009, Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium HtrA: regulation of expression and role of the chaperone and protease activities during infection, Microbiology, 155, 873, 10.1099/mic.0.023754-0

Li, 1996, Construction and characterization of a Yersinia enterocolitica O:8 high-temperature requirement (htrA) isogenic mutant, Infect. Immun., 64, 2088, 10.1128/iai.64.6.2088-2094.1996

Lithgow, 2004, Role of the hprT-ftsH locus in Staphylococcus aureus, Microbiology, 150, 373, 10.1099/mic.0.26674-0

Losada, 2005, Type III secretion chaperones of Pseudomonas syringae protect effectors from Lon-associated degradation, Mol. Microbiol., 55, 941, 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2004.04438.x

Loughlin, 2009, Helicobacter pylori mutants defective in the clpP ATP-dependant protease and the chaperone clpA display reduced macrophage and murine survival, Microb. Pathog., 46, 53, 10.1016/j.micpath.2008.10.004

Lucas, 2000, Multiple factors independently regulate hilA and invasion gene expression in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, J. Bacteriol., 182, 1872, 10.1128/JB.182.7.1872-1882.2000

Lyon, 2004, Role for serine protease HtrA (DegP) of Streptococcus pyogenes in the biogenesis of virulence factors SpeB and the hemolysin streptolysin S, Infect. Immun., 72, 1618, 10.1128/IAI.72.3.1618-1625.2004

Meltzer, M., Hasenbein, S., Mamant, N., Merdanovic, M., Poepsel, S., Hauske, P., et al. Structure, function and regulation of the conserved serine proteases DegP and DegS of Escherichia coli. Res. Microbiol. in press, doi:10.1016/j.resmic.2009.07.012.

Mogk, 2007, The N-end rule pathway for regulated proteolysis: prokaryotic and eukaryotic strategies, Trends Cell Biol., 17, 165, 10.1016/j.tcb.2007.02.001

Nair, 2000, ClpC ATPase is required for cell adhesion and invasion of Listeria monocytogenes, Infect. Immun., 68, 7061, 10.1128/IAI.68.12.7061-7068.2000

Novick, 2003, Autoinduction and signal transduction in the regulation of staphylococcal virulence, Mol. Microbiol., 48, 1429, 10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03526.x

Purdy, 2007, IcsA surface presentation in Shigella flexneri requires the periplasmic chaperones DegP, Skp, and SurA, J. Bacteriol., 189, 5566, 10.1128/JB.00483-07

Purdy, 2002, Shigella flexneri DegP facilitates IcsA surface expression and is required for efficient intercellular spread, Infect. Immun., 70, 6355, 10.1128/IAI.70.11.6355-6364.2002

Ramos, 2004, Bacterial flagellins: mediators of pathogenicity and host immune responses in mucosa, Trends Microbiol., 12, 509, 10.1016/j.tim.2004.09.002

Rigoulay, 2005, Comparative analysis of the roles of HtrA-like surface proteases in two virulent Staphylococcus aureus strains, Infect. Immun., 73, 563, 10.1128/IAI.73.1.563-572.2005

Robertson, 2002, Global transcriptional analysis of clpP mutations of type 2 Streptococcus pneumoniae and their effects on physiology and virulence, J. Bacteriol., 184, 3508, 10.1128/JB.184.13.3508-3520.2002

Rosch, 2004, A microdomain for protein secretion in Gram-positive bacteria, Science, 304, 1513, 10.1126/science.1097404

Rosch, 2005, The ExPortal: an organelle dedicated to the biogenesis of secreted proteins in Streptococcus pyogenes, Mol. Microbiol., 58, 959, 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2005.04887.x

Schechter, 2001, AraC/XylS family members, HilC and HilD, directly bind and derepress the Salmonella typhimurium hilA promoter, Mol. Microbiol., 40, 1289, 10.1046/j.1365-2958.2001.02462.x

Sklar, 2007, Defining the roles of the periplasmic chaperones SurA, Skp, and DegP in Escherichia coli, Genes Dev., 21, 2473, 10.1101/gad.1581007

Takaya, 2005, Degradation of the HilC and HilD regulator proteins by ATP-dependent Lon protease leads to downregulation of Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 gene expression, Mol. Microbiol., 55, 839, 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2004.04425.x

Takaya, 2003, Lon, a stress-induced ATP-dependent protease, is critically important for systemic Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium infection of mice, Infect. Immun., 71, 690, 10.1128/IAI.71.2.690-696.2003

Takaya, 2008, Negative regulation of quorum-sensing systems in Pseudomonas aeruginosa by ATP-dependent Lon protease, J. Bacteriol., 190, 4181, 10.1128/JB.01873-07

Takaya, 2002, The ATP-dependent lon protease of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium regulates invasion and expression of genes carried on Salmonella pathogenicity island 1, J. Bacteriol., 184, 224, 10.1128/JB.184.1.224-232.2002

Thomsen, 2002, ClpP is involved in the stress response and degradation of misfolded proteins in Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium, Microbiology, 148, 2727, 10.1099/00221287-148-9-2727

Tomoyasu, 2002, The ClpXP ATP-dependent protease regulates flagellum synthesis in Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium, J. Bacteriol., 184, 645, 10.1128/JB.184.3.645-653.2002

Tomoyasu, 2003, Turnover of FlhD and FlhC, master regulator proteins for Salmonella flagellum biogenesis, by the ATP-dependent ClpXP protease, Mol. Microbiol., 48, 443, 10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03437.x

Tsilibaris, 2006, Biological roles of the Lon ATP-dependent protease, Res Microbiol., 157, 701, 10.1016/j.resmic.2006.05.004

Van Melderen, L., Aertsen, A. Regulation and quality control by Lon-dependent proteolysis. Res. Microbiol. in press, doi:10.1016/j.resmic.2009.08.021.

Wagner, 2009, Contribution of the periplasmic chaperone Skp to efficient presentation of the autotransporter IcsA on the surface of Shigella flexneri, J Bacteriol., 191, 815, 10.1128/JB.00989-08

Wilson, 2006, Listeria monocytogenes 10403S HtrA is necessary for resistance to cellular stress and virulence, Infect. Immun., 74, 765, 10.1128/IAI.74.1.765-768.2006

Yamamoto, 1996, Identification and characterization of the Yersinia enterocolitica gsrA gene, which protectively responds to intracellular stress induced by macrophage phagocytosis and to extracellular environmental stress, Infect. Immun., 64, 2980, 10.1128/iai.64.8.2980-2987.1996

Zhou, 2001, Salmonella entry into host cells: the work in concert of type III secreted effector proteins, Microbes Infect., 3, 1293, 10.1016/S1286-4579(01)01489-7

Zhu, 2001, The quorum-sensing transcriptional regulator TraR requires its cognate signaling ligand for protein folding, protease resistance, and dimerization, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 98, 1507, 10.1073/pnas.98.4.1507