Thúc Đẩy Đổi Mới: Tác Động Khác Biệt Của Các Chính Sách Trợ Cấp Nghiên Cứu và Phát Triển (R&D)

Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade - Tập 23 - Trang 187-241 - 2023
Reda Cherif1, Christoph Grimpe2, Fuad Hasanov3, Wolfgang Sofka4
1International Monetary Fund and Bennett Institute for Public Policy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
2Copenhagen Business School and ZEW Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research, Mannheim, Germany
3International Monetary Fund, Georgetown University, and Bennett Institute for Public Policy, University of Cambridge, Washington, USA
4Copenhagen Business School and University of Liverpool Management School, Liverpool, UK

Tóm tắt

Chúng tôi nghiên cứu tác động của các khoản trợ cấp R&D đến đổi mới của các doanh nghiệp dựa trên quyền sở hữu, ngành công nghiệp và kích thước doanh nghiệp sử dụng dữ liệu cấp doanh nghiệp của Đức. Tác động của các khoản trợ cấp R&D là không đồng nhất giữa các ngành công nghiệp đối với các tập đoàn đa quốc gia (MNC) và các doanh nghiệp trong nước. Sự không đồng nhất này vẫn tồn tại với nhiều phương pháp ước lượng khác nhau. Các doanh nghiệp trong nước có phản ứng lớn hơn về chi tiêu cho R&D trong các ngành chế tạo công nghệ thấp và trung bình, trong khi tác động trong ngành chế tạo công nghệ cao lớn hơn đối với cả doanh nghiệp trong nước và MNC nước ngoài. Trong các dịch vụ dựa trên tri thức và dịch vụ công nghệ, phản ứng của các doanh nghiệp trong nước và trong một số trường hợp là các MNC nước ngoài lớn hơn so với các MNC trong nước. Về mặt số lượng bằng sáng chế, các chi nhánh của MNC nước ngoài có xu hướng có số lượng lớn hơn trong ngành chế tạo công nghệ cao.

Từ khóa

#trợ cấp R&D #đổi mới #tập đoàn đa quốc gia #doanh nghiệp trong nước #ngành công nghiệp công nghệ cao

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