Programming Environments: Environmentality and Citizen Sensing in the Smart City

Environment and Planning D: Society and Space - Tập 32 Số 1 - Trang 30-48 - 2014
Jennifer Gabrys1
1Department of Sociology, Goldsmiths, University of London, New Cross, London SE14 6NW, England

Tóm tắt

A new wave of smart-city projects is underway that proposes to deploy sensorbased ubiquitous computing across urban infrastructures and mobile devices to achieve greater sustainability. But in what ways do these smart and sustainable cities give rise to distinct material—political arrangements and practices that potentially delimit urban ‘citizenship’ to a series of actions focused on monitoring and managing data? And what are the implications of computationally organized distributions of environmental governance that are programmed for distinct functionalities and are managed by corporate and state actors that engage with cities as datasets to be manipulated? In this paper I discuss the ways in which smart-city proposals might be understood through processes of environmentality or the distribution of governance within and through environments and environmental technologies. I do this by working through an early and formative smart-city design proposal, the Connected Sustainable Cities (CSC) project, developed by MIT and Cisco within the Connected Urban Development initiative between 2007 and 2008. Revisiting and reworking Foucault's notion of environmentality in the context of the CSC smart-city design proposal, I advance an approach to environmentality that deals not with the production of environmental subjects, but rather with the specific spatial—material distribution and relationality of power through environments, technologies, and ways of life. By updating and advancing environmentality through a discussion of computational urbanisms, I consider how practices and operations of citizenship emerge that are a critical part of the imaginings of smart and sustainable cities. This reversioning of environmentality through the smart city recasts who or what counts as a ‘citizen’ and attends to the ways in which citizenship is articulated environmentally through the distribution and feedback of monitoring and urban data practices, rather than through governable subjects or populations.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

10.1515/9780804764025

Agamben G, 2009, What is an Apparatus?

10.1215/9780822386421

10.1080/10630732.2011.601103

10.1080/13602360500463230

Archigram, 1994, A Guide to Archigram, 1961–74

Banham R, 1984, Architecture of the Well-tempered Environment: Theory and Design in the First Machine Age, 10.7208/chicago/9780226825885.001.0001

Barney D, 2008, Global Media Journal, 1, 89

10.1080/13563479708721676

Castells M, 1989, The Informational City: Information Technology, Economic Restructuring, and the Urban—Regional Process

Deleuze G, 1995, Negotiations: 1972–1990

Droege P, 1997, Intelligent Environments: Spatial Aspects of the Information Revolution

10.1080/13691180701750975

Forrester J W, 1969, Urban Dynamics

Foucault M, 1977, Language, Counter-memory, Practice, 205

Foucault M, 1980, Power/Knowledge: Selected Interviews and Other Writings 1972–1977, 194

Foucault M, 1997, The Politics of Truth

Foucault M, 2003, Society Must Be Defended

Foucault M, 2004, La Naissance de la Biopolitique Cours au Collège de France 1978–1979

Foucault M, 2007, Security, Territory, Population: Lectures at the Collège de France 1977–1978

Foucault M, 2008, The Birth of Biopolitics: Lectures at the Collège de France 1978–1979

Fuller M, 2008, Situated Technologies Pamphlets, 2

Gabrys J, 2003, “Cité Multimédia: Noise and contamination in the information city”, conference proceedings from “Visual Knowledges”

10.2752/174589307X203083

Gabrys J, 2010, Circulation and the City: Essays on Urban Culture, 48, 10.1515/9780773581012-003

10.3998/dcbooks.9380304.0001.001

10.1080/0950238042000201572

Graham S, 2004, The Cybercities Reader

10.1191/0309132505ph568oa

10.4324/9780203452202

Greenfield A, 2007, Situated Technologies Pamphlets, 1

Haraway D, 1991, Simians, Cyborgs and Women: The Reinvention of Nature

10.1177/0263276409103107

10.1080/13604810802479126

10.7551/mitpress/9780262042482.001.0001

10.7551/mitpress/2272.001.0001

Luke T W, 1999, Discourses of the Environment, 121

10.1177/0263276405048436

10.7551/mitpress/9780262014649.001.0001

10.1177/0263276409347696

Mitchell W J, 1995, City of Bits: Space, Place, and the Infobahn, 10.7551/mitpress/1847.001.0001

10.7551/mitpress/4512.001.0001

Mitchell W J, 2008, Connected Sustainable Cities

10.1177/0263276409348854

Robinson J, 2011, Mobile Urbanism Cities and Policymaking in the Global Age

Sassen S, 2002, Global Networks, Linked Cities

10.1111/1475-5661.00057

Townsend A, 2010, “A planet of civic laboratories: The future of cities, information, and inclusion”

10.1038/scientificamerican0991-94

Wiener N, 1965, Cybernetics: Or the Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine

Zhen Z, 2009, “Climate change: Cities in action”

Thông tin
Thông tin xuất bản

Environment and Planning D: Society and Space

Tập 32 Số 1

30-48

Thông tin tác giả