Production, oxidation, emission and consumption of methane by soils: A review

European Journal of Soil Biology - Tập 37 Số 1 - Trang 25-50 - 2001
Jean Le Mer1, Pierre-Armand Roger1
1Laboratoire de microbiologie IRD, Institut fédératif de recherches en biotechnologies agro-industrielles de Marseille, universités de Provence et de la Méditerranée, ESIL, case 925, 163, avenue de Luminy, 13288, Marseille cedex 9, France

Tóm tắt

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Adhya, 1994, Methane emission from flooded rice fields under irrigated conditions, Biol. Fert. Soils, 18, 245, 10.1007/BF00647675

Adhya, 2000, Methane efflux from rice-based cropping systems under humid tropical conditions of eastern India, Agric. Ecosyst. Environ., 79, 85, 10.1016/S0167-8809(99)00144-9

Alberto, 2000, A sampling technique for the determination of dissolved methane in soil solution, Chemosphere-Global Change Sci., 2, 57, 10.1016/S1465-9972(99)00044-6

Alperin, 1985, Geochemical observations supporting anaerobic methane oxydation, 282

Ambus, 1995, Spatial and seasonal nitrous-oxide and methane fluxes in Danish forest-ecosystems, grassland-ecosystems, and agroecosystems, J. Environ. Qual., 24, 993, 10.2134/jeq1995.00472425002400050031x

Asakawa, 1995, Populations of methanogenic bacteria in paddy field soil under double cropping conditions (Rice-Wheat), Biol. Fert. Soils, 20, 113, 10.1007/BF00336589

Asakawa, 1993, Characterization of Methanobrevibacter arboriphilicus SA isolated from a paddy field soil and DNA-DNA hybridization among M. arboriphilicus strains, Int. J. Syst. Bact., 43, 683, 10.1099/00207713-43-4-683

Ball, 1999, Field N2O, CO2 and CH4 fluxes in relation to tillage, compaction and soil quality in Scotland, Soil Tillage Res., 53, 29, 10.1016/S0167-1987(99)00074-4

Banerjee, 1990, Use of encapsulated calcium carbide to reduce denitrification losses from urea fertilized flooded rice, Mitteil. Deutsche Bodenkund. Gesellsch., 60, 245

Banker, 1995, Methane sources and sinks in paddy rice soils - Relationship to emissions, Agric. Ecosyst. Environ., 53, 243, 10.1016/0167-8809(94)00578-3

Barnaud G., Conservation des zones humides: concepts et méthodes appliqués à leur caractérisation, thèse de doctorat, université de Rennes-I (1997) Coll. Patrimoines Naturels, vol. 34, Service du Patrimoine Naturel / IEGB / MNHN, Paris,1998

Bender, 1992, Kinetics of CH4 oxidation in oxic soils exposed to ambient air or high CH4 mixing ratios, FEMS Microbiol. Ecol., 101, 261, 10.1111/j.1574-6941.1992.tb01663.x

Bender, 1993, Kinetics of methane oxidation in oxic soils, Chemosphere, 26, 687, 10.1016/0045-6535(93)90453-C

Bender, 1994, Methane oxidation activity in various soils and fresh-water sediments - occurrence, characteristics, vertical profiles, and distribution on grain-size fractions, J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 99, 16531, 10.1029/94JD00266

Bharati, 1999, Influence of a commercial formulation of tridemorph on methane production and oxidation in a tropical rice soil, Chemosphere, 39, 933, 10.1016/S0045-6535(99)00025-9

Bharati, 1998, Influence of incorporation or dual cropping of Azolla on methane emission from a flooded alluvial soil planted to rice in eastern India, Agric. Ecosyst. Environ., 79, 73, 10.1016/S0167-8809(99)00148-6

Blake, 1988, Continuing worldwide increase in tropospheric methane, 1978 to1987, Science, 239, 1129, 10.1126/science.239.4844.1129

Bodelier, 1999, Contribution of methanotrophic and nitrifying bacteria to CH4 and NH4+ oxidation in the rhizosphere of rice plants as determined by new methods of discrimination, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 65, 1826, 10.1128/AEM.65.5.1826-1833.1999

Boon, 1995, Methanogenesis in the sediments of an Australian fresh-water wetland - comparison with aerobic decay, and factors controlling methanogenesis, FEMS Microbiol. Ecol., 18, 175, 10.1111/j.1574-6941.1995.tb00175.x

Boone, 1993, Diversity and taxonomy of methanogens, 35

Bosse, 1997, Activity and distribution of methane-oxidizing bacteria in flooded rice soil microcosms and in rice plants (Oryza sativa), Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 63, 1199, 10.1128/AEM.63.4.1199-1207.1997

Bossio, 1999, Methane pool and flux dynamics in a ricefield following straw incorporation, Soil Biol. Biochem., 31, 1313, 10.1016/S0038-0717(99)00050-4

Bowman, 1993, Characterization of the methanotrophic bacterial community present in a trichloroethylene-contaminated subsurface groundwater site, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 59, 2380, 10.1128/AEM.59.8.2380-2387.1993

Bronson, 1991, Effect of encapsulated calcium carbide on dinitrogen, nitrous oxide, methane, and carbon dioxide emissions from flooded rice, Biol. Fert. Soils, 11, 116, 10.1007/BF00336375

Bronson, 1994, Suppression of methane oxidation in aerobic soil by nitrogen fertilizers; nitrification inhibitors; and urease inhibitors, Biol. Fert. Soils, 17, 263, 10.1007/BF00383979

Bronson, 1997, Automated chamber measurement of CH4 and N2O flux in a flooded rice soil. I. Effect of organic amendments, nitrogen source, and water management, Soil Sci. Soc. Am., 61, 981, 10.2136/sssaj1997.03615995006100030038x

Butterbachbahl, 1997, Impact of gas transport through rice cultivars on methane emission from rice paddy fields, Plant Cell Environ., 20, 1175, 10.1046/j.1365-3040.1997.d01-142.x

Byrnes, 1995, Methane emissions from flooded rice soils and plants under controlled conditions, Soil Biol. Biochem., 27, 331, 10.1016/0038-0717(94)00187-6

Cai, 1997, Methane and nitrous oxide emissions from rice paddy fields as affected by nitrogen fertilizers and water management, Plant Soil, 196, 7, 10.1023/A:1004263405020

Castro, 1994, Effects of nitrogen fertilization on the fluxes of N2O, CH4, and CO2 from soils in a Florida slash pine plantation, Can. J. For. Res., 24, 9, 10.1139/x94-002

Castro, 1995, Factors controlling atmospheric methane consumption by temperate forest soils, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 9, 1, 10.1029/94GB02651

Castro, 1992, Exchange of N2O and CH4 between the atmosphere and soils in spruce-fir forests in the Northeastern United-States, Biogeochemistry, 18, 119, 10.1007/BF00003273

Chidthaisong, 2000, Turnover of glucose and acetate coupled to reduction of nitrate, ferric iron and sulfate and to methanogenesis in anoxic ricefield soil, FEMS Microbiol. Ecol., 31, 73, 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2000.tb00673.x

Cicerone, 1988, Biogeochemical aspects of atmospheric methane, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 2, 299, 10.1029/GB002i004p00299

Cicerone, 1981, Sources of atmospheric methane: measurements in rice paddies and a discussion, J. Geophys. Res., 86, 7203, 10.1029/JC086iC08p07203

Cicerone, 1983, Seasonal variation of methane from a California rice paddy, J. Geophys. Res., 88, 11022, 10.1029/JC088iC15p11022

Conrad, 1989, Control of methane production in terrestrial ecosystems, 39

Conrad, 1999, How specific is the inhibition by methyl fluoride of acetoclastic methanogenesis in anoxic ricefield soil?, FEMS Microbiol. Ecol., 30, 47, 10.1111/j.1574-6941.1999.tb00634.x

Conrad, 1999, Anaerobic conversion of carbon dioxide to methane, acetate and propionate on washed rice roots, FEMS Microbiol. Ecol., 30, 147, 10.1111/j.1574-6941.1999.tb00643.x

Conrad, 1991, Methane oxidation in the soil surface layer of a flooded ricefield and the effect of ammonium, Biol. Fert. Soils, 12, 28, 10.1007/BF00369384

Conrad, 1989, Hydrogen turnover by psychrotrophic homoacetogenic and mesophilic methanogenic bacteria in anoxic paddy soil and lake sediments, FEMS Microbiol. Ecol., 62, 285, 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1989.tb03382.x

Conrad, 1987, Hydrogen metabolism and sulfate-dependant inhibition of methanogenesis in a eutrophic lake sediment. (Lake Mendota), FEMS Microbiol. Ecol., 45, 107, 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1987.tb02346.x

Crill, 1994, Temperature and N fertilization effects on methane oxidation in a drained peatland soil, Soil Biol. Biochem., 26, 1331, 10.1016/0038-0717(94)90214-3

Czepiel, 1995, Environmental-factors influencing the variability of methane oxidation in temperate zone soils, J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 100, 9359, 10.1029/95JD00542

Dacey, 1994, Stimulation of methane emission by carbon dioxide enrichment of marsh vegetation, Nature, 370, 47, 10.1038/370047a0

Dannenberg, 1999, Effect of rice plants on methane production and rhizospheric metabolism in paddy soil, Biogeochemistry, 45, 53, 10.1007/BF00992873

De Datta, 1981

Denier van der Gon, 1994, Impact of gypsum application on the methane emission from a wetland ricefield, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 8, 127, 10.1029/94GB00386

Denier van der Gon, 1995, Influence of organic matter incorporation on the methane emission from a wetland ricefield, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 9, 11, 10.1029/94GB03197

Denier van der Gon, 1995, Methane emission from a wetland ricefield as affected by salinity, Plant Soil, 170, 307, 10.1007/BF00010483

Denier van der Gon, 1996, Oxidation of methane in the rhizosphere of rice plants, Biol. Fert. Soils, 22, 359, 10.1007/BF00334584

Denier van der Gon, 1996, Release of entrapped methane from wetland ricefields upon soil drying, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 10, 1, 10.1029/95GB03460

Dianoua, 1999, Characterization of methanotrophic bacteria isolated from a subtropical paddy field, FEMS Microbiol. Lett., 173, 163, 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1999.tb13498.x

Dise, 1992, Winter fluxes of methane from Minnesota peatlands, Biogeochemistry, 17, 71, 10.1007/BF00002641

Dlugokencky, 1994, The growth-rate and distribution of atmospheric methane, J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 9, 17021, 10.1029/94JD01245

Dobbie, 1996, Effect of land-use on the rate of methane uptake by surface soils in Northern Europe, Atmos. Environ., 30, 1005, 10.1016/1352-2310(95)00416-5

Dong, 1995, Evidence for H2 and formate formation during syntrophic butyrate and propionate degradation, Anaerobe, 2, 35, 10.1016/S1075-9964(95)80405-6

Duenas, 1994, Consumption of methane by soils, Environ. Monit. Assess., 31, 125, 10.1007/BF00547187

Dunfield, 1995, Kinetics of inhibition of methane oxidation by nitrate, nitrite, and ammonium in a humisol, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 61, 3129, 10.1128/AEM.61.8.3129-3135.1995

Dunfield, 1993, Methane production and consumption in temperate and subarctic peat soils - response to temperature and pH, Soil Biol. Biochem., 25, 321, 10.1016/0038-0717(93)90130-4

Escoffier, 1997, Enumeration of methanotrophic bacteria in ricefield soils by plating and MPN techniques: a critical approach, Eur. J. Soil Biol., 33, 41

Escoffier, 1998, Evidence and quantification of thiosulfate-reducers unable to reduce sulfate in ricefield soils, Eur. J. Soil Biol., 34, 69, 10.1016/S1164-5563(99)90003-1

Fetzer, 1993, Sensitivity of methanogenic bacteria from paddy soil to oxygen and desiccation, FEMS Microbiol. Ecol., 12, 107, 10.1111/j.1574-6941.1993.tb00022.x

Ford-Robertson, 1999, Modelling the effect of land-use practices on greenhouse gas emissions and sinks in New Zealand, Environ. Sci. Pol., 2, 135, 10.1016/S1462-9011(99)00009-X

Frenzel, 1999, Rice roots and methanogenesis in a paddy soil: ferric iron as an alternative electron acceptor in the rooted soil, Soil Biol. Biochem., 31, 421, 10.1016/S0038-0717(98)00144-8

Frenzel, 1992, Oxygen profiles and methane turnover in a flooded rice microcosm, Biol. Fert. Soils, 14, 84, 10.1007/BF00336255

Garcia, 2000, Taxonomic, phylogenetic, and ecological diversity of methanogenic Archae, Anaerobe, 6, 205, 10.1006/anae.2000.0345

Garcia, 1974, Activités microbiennes dans les sols de rizière du Sénégal: relations avec les propriétés physico-chimiques et influence de la rhizosphère, Rev. Ecol. Biol. Sol, 11, 169

Gilbert, 1995, Methanotrophic bacteria in the rhizosphere of rice microcosms and their effect on porewater methane concentration and methane emission, Biol. Fert. Soils, 20, 93, 10.1007/BF00336586

Grant, 1999, Simulation of methanotrophy in the mathematical model ecosystem, Soil Biol. Biochem., 31, 287, 10.1016/S0038-0717(98)00119-9

Grosskopf, 1998, Diversity and structure of the methanogenic community in anoxic rice paddy soil microcosms as examined by cultivation and direct 16S rRNA gene sequence retrieval, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 64, 960, 10.1128/AEM.64.3.960-969.1998

Guerra, 1998

Hamilton, 1994, Flux to the atmosphere of CH4 and CO2 from wetland ponds on the Hudson-Bay lowlands (Hbls), J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 99, 1495, 10.1029/93JD03020

Hansen, 1993, N2O and CH4 fluxes in soil influenced by fertilization and tractor traffic, Soil Biol. Biochem., 25, 621, 10.1016/0038-0717(93)90202-M

Hanson, 1996, Methanotrophic bacteria, Microbiol. Rev., 60, 439, 10.1128/MR.60.2.439-471.1996

Henckel, 1999, Molecular analyses of the methane-oxidizing microbial community in ricefield soil by targeting the genes of the 16S rRNA, particulate methane monooxygenase, and methanol dehydrogenase, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 65, 1980, 10.1128/AEM.65.5.1980-1990.1999

Henckel, 2000, Molecular analyses of novel methanotrophic communities in forest soil that oxidize atmospheric methane, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 66, 1801, 10.1128/AEM.66.5.1801-1808.2000

Holmes, 1999, Characterization of methanotrophic bacterial populations in soils showing atmospheric methane uptake, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 65, 3312, 10.1128/AEM.65.8.3312-3318.1999

Holzapfel-Pschorn, 1986, Methane emission during a cultivation period from an Italian rice paddy, J. Geophys. Res., 91, 11803, 10.1029/JD091iD11p11803

Holzapfel-Pschorn, 1984, Contribution of CH4 produced in rice paddies to the global CH4 budget, Int. J. Biometeorol., 28, 53

Hosono, 1997, The dependence of methane transport in rice plants on the root zone temperature, Plant Soil, 191, 233, 10.1023/A:1004203208686

Huang, 1997, Methane emission from Texas rice paddy soils - 2 - seasonal contribution of rice biomass production to CH4 emission, Global Change Biol., 3, 491, 10.1046/j.1365-2486.1997.00106.x

Husin, 1995, Methane flux from Indonesian wetland rice - The effects of water management and rice variety, Chemosphere, 31, 3153, 10.1016/0045-6535(95)00173-6

Hutsch, 1998, Tillage and land use effects on methane oxydation rates and their vertical profiles in soil, Biol. Fert. Soils, 27, 284, 10.1007/s003740050435

Hutsch, 1993, Long term effects of nitrogen fertilization on methane oxydation in soil of the broadbalk wheat experiment, Soil Biol. Biochem., 25, 1307, 10.1016/0038-0717(93)90045-D

Hutsch, 1994, Methane oxidation in soil as affected by land use, soil pH and N fertilization, Soil Biol. Biochem., 26, 1613, 10.1016/0038-0717(94)90313-1

1995

2000

2000, Rice Production, Methane Emissions, and Global Warming: Links and Effects

Jarvis, 1994, Greenhouse-gas emissions from intensive livestock systems - their estimation and technologies for reduction, Climatic Change, 27, 27, 10.1007/BF01098471

Jermsawatdipong, 1994, Methane emission from plots with differences in fertilizer application in Thai paddy field, Soil Sci. Plant Nutr., 40, 63, 10.1080/00380768.1994.10414279

Jones, 1993, Methane emission and methane oxidation in land-fill cover soil, FEMS Microbiol. Ecol., 102, 185, 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1993.tb05809.x

Joulian, 1997, Populations and potential activities of methanogens and methanotrophs in ricefields: relations with soil properties, Eur. J. Soil Biol., 33, 105

Joulian, 1996, Microbiological aspects of methane emission by a ricefield soil from Camargue (France): 1. Methanogenesis and related microflora, Eur. J. Soil Biol., 32, 61

Joulian, 1998, Phenotypic and phylogenetic characterization of dominant culturable methanogens isolated from ricefield soils, FEMS Microbiol. Ecol., 25, 135, 10.1111/j.1574-6941.1998.tb00467.x

Jugsujinda, 1995, Influence of nitrate on methane production and oxidation in flooded soil, Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal., 26, 2449, 10.1080/00103629509369459

Kajan, 1999, The effect of chironomid larvae on production, oxidation and fluxes of methane in a flooded rice soil, FEMS Microbiol. Ecol., 28, 121, 10.1111/j.1574-6941.1999.tb00567.x

Kanno, 1997, Methane emission from rice paddy fields in all of Japanese prefecture - relationship between emission rates and soil characteristics, water treatment and organic matter application, Nutr. Cycling Agroecosyst., 49, 147, 10.1023/A:1009778517545

Keller, 1983, Production of nitrous oxide and consumption of methane by forest soils, Geophys. Res. Lett., 10, 1156, 10.1029/GL010i012p01156

Kelley, 1995, Methane dynamics across a tidally flooded riverbank margin, Limnol. Oceanogr., 40, 1112, 10.4319/lo.1995.40.6.1112

Kern, 1997, Spatial analysis of methane emissions from paddy soils in China and the potential for emissions reduction, Nutr. Cycling Agroecosyst., 49, 181, 10.1023/A:1009710425295

Khalil, 1994, Global emissions of methane during the last several centuries, Chemosphere, 29, 833, 10.1016/0045-6535(94)90156-2

Khalil, 1991, Methane emissions from ricefields in China, Environ. Sci. Technol., 25, 979, 10.1021/es00017a023

Khalil M.A.K., Shearer M.J., Rasmussen R.A., Methane sources in China: historical and current emissions, in: Khalil M.A.K., Shearer M.J. (Eds.), Atmospheric Methane: Sources, Sinks and Role in Global Change. Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop, Mount Hood, Oregon, 7–11 October 1991, Chemosphere 26 (1993) 127-142

Kightley, 1995, Capacity for methane oxidation in landfill cover soils measured in laboratory-scale soil microcosms, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 61, 592, 10.1128/AEM.61.2.592-601.1995

Kimura, 1992, Suppression of methane fluxes from flooded paddy soil with rice plants by foliar spray of nitrogen fertilizers, Soil Sci. Plant Nutr., 38, 735, 10.1080/00380768.1992.10416704

King, 1994, Association of methanotrophs with the roots and rhizomes of aquatic vegetation, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 60, 3220, 10.1128/AEM.60.9.3220-3227.1994

King, 1992, Effects of temperature on methane consumption in a forest soil and in pure cultures of the methanotroph Methylomonas rubra, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 59, 2758, 10.1128/AEM.58.9.2758-2763.1992

King, 1994, Effect of increasing atmospheric methane concentration on ammonium inhibition of soil methane consumption, Nature, 370, 282, 10.1038/370282a0

King, 1990, Distribution and rate of methane oxidation in sediments of the Florida Everglades, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 56, 2902, 10.1128/AEM.56.9.2902-2911.1990

King, 1999, Methane emission and transport by arctic sedges in Alaska: Results of a vegetation removal experiment, J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 103, 29083, 10.1029/98JD00052

Klinger, 1994, Carbon trace gas fluxes along a successional gradient in the Hudson-Bay lowland, J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 99, 1469, 10.1029/93JD00312

Kludze, 1995, Gaseous exchange and wetland plant-response to soil redox intensity and capacity, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 59, 939, 10.2136/sssaj1995.03615995005900030045x

Kludze, 1993, Aerenchyma formation and methane and oxygen exchange in rice, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 57, 386, 10.2136/sssaj1993.03615995005700020017x

Krumholz, 1995, Methanogenesis and methanotrophy within a Sphagnum peatland, FEMS Microbiol. Ecol., 18, 215, 10.1111/j.1574-6941.1995.tb00178.x

Kruse, 1995, Effect of plant succession, ploughing, and fertilization on the microbiological oxidation of atmospheric methane in a heathland soil, FEMS Microbiol. Ecol., 18, 121, 10.1111/j.1574-6941.1995.tb00169.x

Kudo, 1997, Methanogen flora of paddy soils in Japan, FEMS Microbiol. Ecol., 22, 39, 10.1111/j.1574-6941.1997.tb00354.x

Kumaraswamy, 1997, Spatial distribution of methane-oxidizing activity in a flooded rice soil, Plant Soil, 191, 241, 10.1023/A:1004274302326

Ladha, 1987, Nitrogen-fixing (C2H2 reducing) activity and plant growth characters of 16 wetland rice varieties, Soil Sci. Plant Nutr., 33, 187, 10.1080/00380768.1987.10557565

Lauren, 1994, Methane emissions associated with a green manure amendment to flooded rice in California, Biogeochemistry, 24, 53, 10.1007/BF02390179

Lelieveld, 1993, Climate effects of atmospheric methane, Chemosphere, 26, 739, 10.1016/0045-6535(93)90458-H

Le Mer, 1996, Microbiological aspects of methane emission by a ricefield soil from Camargue (France): 2. Methanotrophy and related microflora, Eur. J. Soil Biol., 32, 71

Lessard, 1994, Methane and carbon-dioxide fluxes from poorly drained adjacent cultivated and forest sites, Can. J. Soil Sci., 74, 139, 10.4141/cjss94-021

Levin, 1999, Verification of German methane emission inventories and their recent changes based on atmospheric observations, J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 104, 3447, 10.1029/1998JD100064

Lindau, 1994, Methane emissions from Louisiana ricefields amended with nitrogen fertilizers, Soil Biol. Biochem., 26, 353, 10.1016/0038-0717(94)90284-4

Lindau, 1993, Methane emissions from Louisiana 1st and ratoon crop rice, Soil Sci., 156, 42, 10.1097/00010694-199307000-00006

Lindau, 1994, Inhibition of methane evolution by calcium sulfate addition to flooded rice, Plant Soil, 158, 299, 10.1007/BF00009503

Lindau, 1995, Effect of rice variety on methane emission from Louisiana rice, Agr. Ecosyst. Environ., 54, 109, 10.1016/0167-8809(95)00587-I

Lindau, 1993, Methane mitigation in flooded Louisiana ricefields, Biol. Fert. Soils, 15, 174, 10.1007/BF00361607

Lindau, 1998, Methane and nitrous oxide evolution and N-15 and Ra-226 uptake as affected by application of gypsum and phosphogypsum to Louisiana rice, Agr. Ecosyst. Environ., 68, 165, 10.1016/S0167-8809(97)00154-0

Lu, 1999, Impact of phosphorus supply on root exudation, aerenchyma formation and methane emission of rice plants, Biogeochemistry, 47, 203, 10.1007/BF00994923

Lueders, 2000, Archaeal population dynamics during sequential reduction processes in ricefield soil, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 66, 2732, 10.1128/AEM.66.7.2732-2742.2000

Mac Donald, 1996, Methane oxidation potential and preliminary analysis of methanotrophs in blanket bog peat using molecular ecology techniques, FEMS Microbiol. Ecol., 21, 197, 10.1111/j.1574-6941.1996.tb00347.x

Mancinelli, 1995, The regulation of methane oxidation in soil, Ann. Rev. Microbiol., 49, 581, 10.1146/annurev.mi.49.100195.003053

Mayer, 1990, Factors influencing the population of methanogenic bacteria and the initiation of methane production upon flooding of paddy soil, FEMS Microbiol. Ecol., 73, 103, 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1990.tb03930.x

Michael, 1999, Carbon and hydrogen isotope systematics of bacterial formation and oxidation of methane, Chem. Geol., 161, 291, 10.1016/S0009-2541(99)00092-3

Mikkela, 1995, Diurnal variation in methane emission in relation to the water table; soil temperature; climate and vegetation cover in a Swedish acid mire, Biogeochemistry, 28, 93, 10.1007/BF02180679

Milich, 1999, The role of methane in global warming: where might mitigation strategies be focused?, Global Environ. Change, 9, 179, 10.1016/S0959-3780(98)00037-5

Min, 1997, Methanogens in paddy rice soil, Nutr. Cycling Agroecosyst., 49, 163, 10.1023/A:1009786803433

Minami, 1995, The effect of nitrogen fertilizer use and other practices on methane emission from flooded rice, Fert. Res., 40, 71, 10.1007/BF00749864

Mishra, 1997, Effect of continuous and alternate water regimes on methane efflux from rice under greenhouse conditions, Biol. Fert. Soils, 24, 399, 10.1007/s003740050264

Mishra, 1999, Effects of heavy metals on methane production in tropical rice soils, Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf., 44, 129, 10.1006/eesa.1999.1809

Moore, 1993, The influence of temperature and water-table position on carbon-dioxide and methane emissions from laboratory columns of peatland soils, J. Soil Sci., 44, 651, 10.1111/j.1365-2389.1993.tb02330.x

Murase, 1994, Methane production and its fate in paddy fields 7. Electron acceptors responsible for anaerobic methane oxidation, Soil Sci. Plant Nutr., 40, 647, 10.1080/00380768.1994.10414304

Nedwell, 1996, Methane production and oxydation in soils and sediments, 33

Nesbit, 1992, A laboratory study of factors influencing methane uptake by soils, Agric. Ecosyst. Environ., 41, 39, 10.1016/0167-8809(92)90178-E

Neue, 1997, Fluxes of methane from ricefields and potential for mitigation, Soil Use Manag., 13, 258, 10.1111/j.1475-2743.1997.tb00597.x

Neue, 1994, Potential of methane emission in major rice ecologies, 65

Neue, 1990, Organic matter dynamics, soil properties, and cultural practices in ricelands and their relationship to methane production, 457

Neue, 1994, Methane emission from rice soils of the Philippines, 55

Neue, 1996, Factors affecting methane emission from ricefields, Atmos. Environ., 30, 1751, 10.1016/1352-2310(95)00375-4

Nouchi, 1994, Seasonal-variation in methane flux from rice paddies associated with methane concentration in soil-water, rice biomass and temperature, and its modeling, Plant Soil, 161, 195, 10.1007/BF00046390

Nugroho, 1994, Effect of intermittent irrigation on methane emission from an Indonesian paddy field, Soil Sci. Plant Nutr., 40, 609, 10.1080/00380768.1994.10414300

Nugroho, 1993, Methane emission from an Indonesian paddy field subjected to several fertilizer treatments, Soil Sci. Plant Nutr., 40, 275, 10.1080/00380768.1994.10413301

Oades, 1988, The retention of organic matter in soils, Biogeochemistry, 5, 35, 10.1007/BF02180317

Ojima, 1993, Effect of land use change on methane oxidation in temperate forest and grassland soils, Chemosphere, 26, 675, 10.1016/0045-6535(93)90452-B

Olszyk, 1999, Global climate change, rice productivity and methane emissions: comparison of simulated and experimental results, Agric. For. Meteorol., 97, 87, 10.1016/S0168-1923(99)00065-9

Oremland, 1992, Importance of methane-oxidizing bacteria in the methane budget as revealed by the use of a specific inhibitor, Nature, 356, 421, 10.1038/356421a0

Patrick, 1992, Sequential reduction and oxidation of inorganic nitrogen, manganese, and iron in flooded soil, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 56, 1071, 10.2136/sssaj1992.03615995005600040011x

Potter, 1999, Investigations of BOREAS spatial data in support of regional ecosystem modeling, J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 104, 27771, 10.1029/1999JD900166

Prieme, 1994, Production and emission of methane in a brackish and a fresh-water wetland, Soil Biol. Biochem., 26, 7, 10.1016/0038-0717(94)90190-2

Pulliam, 1993, Carbon-dioxide and methane exports from a southeastern floodplain swamp, Ecol. Monogr., 63, 29, 10.2307/2937122

Raimbault, 1981, Inhibition de la formation de méthane par l'acétylène chez Methanosarcina barkerii, Cah. ORSTOM, Sér. Biol., 43, 45

Rajagopal, 1988, Isolation and characterization of methanogenic bacteria from rice paddies, FEMS Microbiol. Ecol., 53, 153, 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1988.tb02659.x

Ramesh, 1997, Anthropogenic forcing on methane efflux from polluted wetlands (Adyar river) of Madras city, India, Ambio, 26, 369

Ratering, 1998, Effects of short-term drainage and aeration on the production of methane in submerged rice soil, Global Change Biol., 4, 397, 10.1046/j.1365-2486.1998.00162.x

Ratha, 1999, Influence of fertilizer management and water regime on methane emission from ricefields, Agr. Ecosyst. Environ., 76, 99, 10.1016/S0167-8809(99)00080-8

Ridgwell, 1999, Consumption of atmospheric methane by soils: A process-based model, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 13, 59, 10.1029/1998GB900004

Rodhe, 1990, A comparison of the contribution of various gases to the greenhouse effect, Science, 248, 1217, 10.1126/science.248.4960.1217

Roger, 1996

Roslev, 1995, Aerobic and anaerobic starvation metabolism in methanotrophic bacteria, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 61, 1563, 10.1128/AEM.61.4.1563-1570.1995

Roslev, 1994, Survival and recovery of methanotrophic bacteria starved under oxic and anoxic conditions, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 60, 2602, 10.1128/AEM.60.7.2602-2608.1994

Rothfuss, 1992, Vertical profiles of CH4 concentrations; dissolved substrates and processes involved in CH4 production in a flooded Italian ricefield, Biogeochemistry, 18, 137, 10.1007/BF00003274

Roy, 1999, Effect of methanogenic precursors (acetate, hydrogen, propionate) on the suppression of methane production by nitrate in anoxic ricefield soil, FEMS Microbiol. Ecol., 28, 49, 10.1111/j.1574-6941.1999.tb00560.x

Rusch, 1998, Black alder (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.) Trees mediate methane and nitrous oxide emission from the soil to the atmosphere, Plant Soil, 201, 1, 10.1023/A:1004331521059

Sass, 1999, Exchange of methane from ricefields: National, regional, and global budgets, J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 104, 26943, 10.1029/1999JD900081

Sass, 1990, Methane production and emission in a Texas ricefield, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 4, 47, 10.1029/GB004i001p00047

Sass, 1994, Methane emissions from ricefields - effect of soil properties, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 8, 135, 10.1029/94GB00588

Sass, 1992, Methane emission from ricefields: The effect of floodwater management, Global Biochem. Cycles, 6, 249, 10.1029/92GB01674

Schink, 1980, Microbial methanol formation: major end product of pectin metabolism, Curr. Microbiol., 4, 387, 10.1007/BF02605383

Schipper, 1994, Methane production and emissions from four reclaimed and pristine wetlands of Southeastern United-States, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 58, 1270, 10.2136/sssaj1994.03615995005800040039x

Schnell, 1994, Mechanistic analysis of ammonium inhibition of atmospheric methane consumption in forest soils, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 60, 3514, 10.1128/AEM.60.10.3514-3521.1994

Schrope, 1999, Effect of CO2 enrichment and elevated temperature on methane emissions from rice, Oryza sativa, Global Change Biol., 5, 587, 10.1111/j.1365-2486.1999.00252.x

Schütz, 1989, Methane flux measurements: Methods and results, 209

Schütz, 1989, A three years continuous record on the influence of daytime, season and fertilizer treatment on methane emission rates from an Italian rice paddy field, J. Geophys. Res., 94, 16405, 10.1029/JD094iD13p16405

Schütz, 1990, Influence of soil temperature on methane emission from rice paddy field, Biogeochemistry, 11, 77, 10.1007/BF00002060

Seiler, 1987, Contribution of tropical ecosystems to the global budgets of trace gases especially CH4, H2, CO, and N2O, 33

Seiler, 1984, Methane emission from rice paddies, J. Atmos. Chem., 1, 241, 10.1007/BF00058731

Shannon, 1994, 3-year study of controls on methane emissions from 2 Michigan peatlands, Biogeochemistry, 27, 35, 10.1007/BF00002570

Shao, 1997, Effect of rice cultivars and fertilizer management on methane emission in a rice paddy in Beijing, Nutr. Cycling Agroecosyst., 49, 139, 10.1023/A:1009734702524

Simpsona, 1999, Variations in methane and nitrous oxide mixing ratios at the southern boundary of a Canadian boreal forest, Atmos. Environ., 33, 1141, 10.1016/S1352-2310(98)00235-0

Singh, 1998, Methane flux from irrigated paddy and dryland ricefields, and from seasonally dry tropical forest and savanna soils of India, Soil Biol. Biochem., 30, 135, 10.1016/S0038-0717(97)00112-0

Singh, 1998, Methane flux in relation to growth and phenology of a high yielding rice variety as affected by fertilization, Plant Soil, 201, 157, 10.1023/A:1004318727672

Singh, 1997, Methane emission from two Indian soils planted with different rice cultivars, Biol. Fert. Soils, 25, 285, 10.1007/s003740050316

Singh, 1999, Methane consumption by soils of dryland rice agriculture: influence of varieties and N-fertilization, Chemosphere, 38, 175, 10.1016/S0045-6535(98)00178-7

Singh, 1999, Methane flux from irrigated ricefields in relation to crop growth and N-fertilization, Soil Biol. Biochem., 31, 1219, 10.1016/S0038-0717(99)00027-9

Sitaula, 1993, Nitrous oxide release from spruce forest soil-relationships with nitrification; methane uptake; temperature; moisture and fertilization, Soil Biol. Biochem., 25, 1415, 10.1016/0038-0717(93)90056-H

Sitaula, 1995, CH4 uptake by temperate forest soil - effect of N input and soil acidification, Soil Biol. Biochem., 27, 871, 10.1016/0038-0717(95)00017-9

Sitaula, 2000, Methane oxidation potentials and fluxes in agricultural soil: Effects of fertilization and soil compaction, Biogeochemistry, 48, 323, 10.1023/A:1006262404600

Sorrell, 1994, Convective gas-flow in Eleocharis sphacelata; methane transport and release from wetlands, Aquat. Bot., 47, 197, 10.1016/0304-3770(94)90053-1

Sorrell, 1992, Biogeochemistry of billabong sediments. II. Seasonal variations in methane production, Freshw. Biol., 27, 435, 10.1111/j.1365-2427.1992.tb00552.x

Steudler, 1989, Influence of nitrogen fertilization on methane uptake in temperate forest soil, Nature, 341, 314, 10.1038/341314a0

Steudler, 1996, Microbial controls of methane oxydation in temperate forest and agricultural soils, 69

Sundh, 1995, Potential aerobic methane oxydation in a sphagnum-dominated peatland - controlling factors and relation to methane emission, Soil Biol. Biochem., 27, 829, 10.1016/0038-0717(94)00222-M

Takai, 1970, The mechanism of methane fermentation in flooded paddy soil, Soil Sci. Plant Nutr., 16, 238, 10.1080/00380768.1970.10433371

Takeda, 1988, Characteristics of a nitrogen-fixing methanotroph, Methylocystis T-1, Antonie Leeuwenhoek Int. J. G., 54, 521, 10.1007/BF00588388

Thiele, 1988, Control of interspecies electron flow during anaerobic digestion: significance of formate transfer versus hydrogen transfer during syntrophic methanogenesis in flocs, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 54, 20, 10.1128/AEM.54.1.20-29.1988

Thompson, 1992, Methane Reductions - Implications for global warming and atmospheric chemical change, Atmos. Environ., 26, 2665, 10.1016/0960-1686(92)90118-5

Topp, 1993, Effects of selected agrochemicals on methane oxidation by an organic agricultural soil, Can. J. Soil Sci., 73, 287, 10.4141/cjss93-030

Topp, 1991, Metabolism of radiatively important trace gases by methane-oxidizing bacteria, 71

Topp, 1997, Soils as sources and sinks for atmospheric methane, Can. J. Soil Sci., 77, 167, 10.4141/S96-107

Torn, 1993, Environmental and biotic controls over methane flux from Arctic tundra, Chemosphere, 26, 357, 10.1016/0045-6535(93)90431-4

Trolldenier, 1995, Methanogenesis during rice growth as related to the water regime between crop seasons, Biol. Fert. Soils, 19, 84, 10.1007/BF00336352

Tyler, 1991, The global methane budget, 7

Tyler, 1997, Methane oxidation and pathways of production in a Texas paddy field deduced from measurements of flux, delta-C-13, and delta-D of CH4, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 11, 323, 10.1029/97GB01624

Van Bodegon, 1999, Effects of alternative electron acceptors and temperature on methanogenesis in rice paddy soils, Chemosphere, 39, 167, 10.1016/S0045-6535(99)00101-0

Van den Pol-van Dasselaar, 1999, Methane production and carbon mineralisation of size and density fractions of peat soils, Soil Biol. Biochem., 31, 877, 10.1016/S0038-0717(98)00188-6

Vandernat, 1998, Diel methane emission patterns from Scirpus lacustris and Phragmites australis, Biogeochemistry, 41, 1, 10.1023/A:1005933100905

Van Hulzena, 1999, Temperature effects on soil methane production: an explanation for observed variability, Soil Biol. Biochem., 31, 1919, 10.1016/S0038-0717(99)00109-1

Vavilin, 2000, Description of two-step kinetics in methane formation during psychrophilic H2/CO2 and mesophilic glucose conversions, Biores. Technol., 71, 195, 10.1016/S0960-8524(99)00083-8

Wagnera, 1999, Methane production in aerated marshland and model soils: effects of microflora and soil texture, Soil Biol. Biochem., 31, 999, 10.1016/S0038-0717(99)00011-5

Wang, 1997, Effects of cultivars difference (IR72, IR65598 and Dular) on methane emission, Agric. Ecosyst. Environ., 62, 31, 10.1016/S0167-8809(96)01115-2

Wang, 1999, Factors controlling diel patterns of methane emission pattern via rice plants, Nutr. Cycling Agroecosyst., 53, 229, 10.1023/A:1009753923339

Wang, 1995, Methane emission from a usually well-drained prairie soil after snowmelt and precipitation, Can. J. Soil Sci., 75, 239, 10.4141/cjss95-033

Wang, 1992, Methane production from anaerobic soil amended with rice straw and nitrogen fertilizers, Fert. Res., 33, 115, 10.1007/BF01051166

Wang, 1993, Soil redox and pH effects on methane production in a flooded rice soil, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 57, 382, 10.2136/sssaj1993.03615995005700020016x

Wang, 1993, Methane emission and entrapment in flooded rice soils as affected by soil properties, Biol. Fert. Soils, 16, 163, 10.1007/BF00361401

Wassmann, 1996, Fluxes and pools of methane in wetland rice soils with varying organic inputs, Environ. Monit. Assess., 42, 163, 10.1007/BF00394048

Wassmann, 1994, Temporal patterns of methane emissions from wetland ricefields treated by different modes of N-application, J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 99, 16457, 10.1029/94JD00017

Wassmann, 1993, Methane emission from rice paddies and possible mitigation strategies, Chemosphere, 26, 201, 10.1016/0045-6535(93)90422-2

Watanabe, 1995, Influence of rice cultivar on methane emission from paddy fields, Plant Soil, 176, 51, 10.1007/BF00017674

Watanabe, 1997, Methane-oxidizing activities and methanotrophic populations associated with wetland rice plants, Biol. Fert. Soils, 24, 261, 10.1007/s003740050241

Weier, 1999, N2O and CH4 emission and CH4 consumption in a sugarcane soil after variation in nitrogen and water application, Soil Biol. Biochem., 31, 1931, 10.1016/S0038-0717(99)00111-X

West, 1999, Acetate stimulates atmospheric CH4 oxidation by an alpine tundra soil, Soil Biol. Biochem., 31, 1649, 10.1016/S0038-0717(99)00076-0

West, 1999, Landscape patterns of CH4 fluxes in an alpine tundra ecosystem, Biogeochemistry, 45, 243, 10.1007/BF00993002

Whalen, 2000, Effect of nitrogen fertilization on atmospheric methane oxidation in boreal forest soils, Chemosphere-Global Change Sci., 2, 151, 10.1016/S1465-9972(00)00003-9

Whalen, 1992, Oxidation of methane in boreal forest soils - a comparison of 7 measures, Biogeochemistry, 16, 181, 10.1007/BF00002818

Whalen, 1990, Rapid methane oxidation in a landfill cover soil, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 56, 3405, 10.1128/AEM.56.11.3405-3411.1990

Whiting, 1993, Primary production control of methane emission from wetlands, Nature, 364, 794, 10.1038/364794a0

Whiting, 1992, Plant-dependent CH4 emission in subarctic Canadian fen, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 6, 225, 10.1029/92GB00710

Willison, 1995, Methane oxidation in temperate soils - effects of land- use and the chemical form of nitrogen-fertilizer, Chemosphere, 539, 10.1016/0045-6535(94)00416-R

Woese, 1978, Archaebacteria, J. Mol. Evol., 11, 245, 10.1007/BF01734485

Wu, 1999, Vulgarisation d'une technique d'irrigation des rizières économe en eau

Yagi, 1990, Effects of organic matter application on methane emission from Japanese paddy fields, 467

Yagi, 1994, Methane emission from rice paddy fields in the central plain of Thailand, Soil Sci. Plant Nutr., 40, 29, 10.1080/00380768.1994.10414275

Yagi, 1997, Possible options for mitigating methane emission from rice cultivation, Nutr. Cycling Agroecosyst., 49, 213, 10.1023/A:1009743909716

Yao, 1999, Thermodynamics of methane production in different rice paddy soils from China, the Philippines and Italy, Soil Biol. Biochem., 31, 463, 10.1016/S0038-0717(98)00152-7

Yao, 1999, Effect of soil characteristics on sequential reduction and methane production in sixteen rice paddy soils from China, the Philippines, and Italy, Biogeochemistry, 47, 269, 10.1007/BF00992910

Yavitt, 1995, Methane and carbon-dioxide dynamics in a northern hardwood ecosystem, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 59, 796, 10.2136/sssaj1995.03615995005900030023x

Zaiss, 1982, Microbial methane oxidation in the river Saar, Z. Allgem. Mikrobiol., 22, 139, 10.1002/jobm.3630220210