Wohlers Associates, 2016
Gibson, 2010
Gurr, 2012, Rapid prototyping, 77
Gebhardt, 2016
Diegel, 2014, Additive manufacturing: an overview, 3
Spoerk, 2019, Material extrusion‐based additive manufacturing of polypropylene: a review on how to improve dimensional inaccuracy and warpage, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 10, 48545
Cuiffo, 2017, Impact of the fused deposition (FDM) printing process on polylactic acid (PLA) chemistry and structure, Appl. Sci., 7, 579, 10.3390/app7060579
Liao, 2019, Effect of porosity and crystallinity on 3D printed PLA properties, Polymers, 11, 1487, 10.3390/polym11091487
Spoerk, 2017, Parametric optimization of intra- and inter-layer strengths in parts produced by extrusion-based additive manufacturing of poly(lactic acid), J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 134, 45401, 10.1002/app.45401
Arbeiter, 2018, Fracture mechanical characterization and lifetime estimation of near-homogeneous components produced by fused filament fabrication, Polym. Test., 66, 105, 10.1016/j.polymertesting.2018.01.002
Padden, 1959, Spherulitic crystallization in polypropylene, J. Appl. Phys., 30, 1479, 10.1063/1.1734985
Zhou, 2011, Shish–kebab-like cylindrulite structures resulted from periodical shear-induced crystallization of isotactic polypropylene, Polymer, 52, 2970, 10.1016/j.polymer.2011.05.002
Roozemond, 2014, Multimorphological crystallization of shish-kebab structures in isotactic polypropylene: quantitative modeling of parent–daughter crystallization kinetics, Macromolecules, 47, 5152, 10.1021/ma501108c
Varga, 2002, β-modification of isotactic polypropylene: preparation, structure, processing, properties, and application, J. Macromol. Sci. Part B- Phys., 41, 1121, 10.1081/MB-120013089
Seppala, 2016, Infrared thermography of welding zones produced by polymer extrusion additive manufacturing, Addit. Manuf., 12, 71
Nieh, 1998, Hot plate welding of polypropylene. Part I: crystallization kinetics, Polym. Eng. Sci., 38, 1121, 10.1002/pen.10279
Wiegart, 2019, Instrumentation for in situ/operando X-ray scattering studies of polymer additive manufacturing processes, Synchrotron Radiat. News, 32, 20, 10.1080/08940886.2019.1582285
Shmueli, 2019, Simultaneous in situ X-ray scattering and infrared imaging of polymer extrusion in additive manufacturing, ACS Appl. Polym. Mater., 1, 1559, 10.1021/acsapm.9b00328
Nogales, 2019, Structure development in polymers during fused filament fabrication (FFF): an in situ small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering study using synchrotron radiation, Macromolecules, 52, 9715, 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01620
Shmueli, 2019, In situ time-resolved X-ray scattering study of isotactic polypropylene in additive manufacturing, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 11, 37112, 10.1021/acsami.9b12908
Spoerk, 2018, Polypropylene filled with glass spheres in extrusion-based additive manufacturing: effect of filler size and printing chamber temperature, Macromol. Mater. Eng., 303, 10.1002/mame.201800179
Brückner, 1991, Polymorphism in isotactic polypropylene, Prog. Polym. Sci., 16, 361, 10.1016/0079-6700(91)90023-E
Spoerk, 2018, Anisotropic properties of oriented short carbon fibre filled polypropylene parts fabricated by extrusion-based additive manufacturing, Compos. Part A Appl. Sci. Manuf., 113, 95, 10.1016/j.compositesa.2018.06.018
Hertle, 2016, Additive manufacturing of poly(propylene) by means of melt extrusion, Macromol. Mater. Eng., 301, 1482, 10.1002/mame.201600259
Cole, 2016, Interfacial mechanical behavior of 3D printed ABS, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 133, 913, 10.1002/app.43671
Jay, 1999, Shear-induced crystallization of polypropylenes: effect of molecular weight, J. Mater. Sci., 34, 2089, 10.1023/A:1004563827491
Liu, 2018, Structural evolution of PCL during melt extrusion 3D printing, Macromol. Mater. Eng., 303, 10.1002/mame.201700494
Spoerk, 2018
Lau, 1998, Melt strength of polypropylene: its relevance to thermoforming, Polym. Eng. Sci., 38, 1915, 10.1002/pen.10362
Spoerk, 2018, Optimisation of the adhesion of polypropylene-based materials during extrusion-based additive manufacturing, Polymers, 10, 490, 10.3390/polym10050490
Spoerk, 2018, Effect of the printing bed temperature on the adhesion of parts produced by fused filament fabrication, Plast., Rubber Compos., 47, 17, 10.1080/14658011.2017.1399531
Hammersley, 1996, Two-dimensional detector software: from real detector to idealised image or two-theta scan, High Pressure Res., 14, 235, 10.1080/08957959608201408
Newville, 2014
Dean, 1998, Matrix molecular orientation in fiber-reinforced polypropylene composites, J. Mater. Sci., 33, 4797, 10.1023/A:1004474128452
Ščudla, 2003, Formation and transformation of hierarchical structure of β-nucleated polypropylene characterized by X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry and scanning electron microscopy, Polymer, 44, 4655, 10.1016/S0032-3861(03)00287-8
Ran, 2001, Structural changes during deformation of Kevlar fibers via on-line synchrotron SAXS/WAXD techniques, Polymer, 42, 1601, 10.1016/S0032-3861(00)00460-2
Zhang, 2016, Interfacial crystallization and mechanical property of isotactic polypropylene based single-polymer composites, Polymer, 90, 18, 10.1016/j.polymer.2016.02.052
Turner-Jones, 1964, Crystalline forms of isotactic polypropylene, Makromol. Chem., 75, 134, 10.1002/macp.1964.020750113
Swallowe, 1997, Crystallinity increases in semi crystalline polymers during high rate testing, J. Phys. IV France, 7, C3, 10.1051/jp4:1997378
Li, 1999, A study on the heat of fusion of β-polypropylene, Polymer, 40, 1219, 10.1016/S0032-3861(98)00345-0
Grellmann, 2011
Abbott, 2018, Process-structure-property effects on ABS bond strength in fused filament fabrication, Addit. Manuf., 19, 29
Seppala, 2017, Weld formation during material extrusion additive manufacturing, Soft Matter, 13, 6761, 10.1039/C7SM00950J
Yin, 2018, Interfacial bonding during multi-material fused deposition modeling (FDM) process due to inter-molecular diffusion, Mater. Design, 150, 104, 10.1016/j.matdes.2018.04.029
Zhang, 2017, Numerical investigation of the influence of process conditions on the temperature variation in fused deposition modeling, Mater. Design, Volume, 130, 59, 10.1016/j.matdes.2017.05.040
Prajapati, 2018, Measurement and modeling of filament temperature distribution in the standoff gap between nozzle and bed in polymer-based additive manufacturing, Addit. Manuf., 24, 224
Ravoori, 2019, Nozzle-integrated pre-deposition and post-deposition heating of previously deposited layers in polymer extrusion based additive manufacturing, Addit. Manuf., 28, 719
D’Amico, 2018, An adaptable FEA simulation of material extrusion additive manufacturing heat transfer in 3D, Addit. Manuf., 21, 422
Peng, 2018, Complex flow and temperature history during melt extrusion in material extrusion additive manufacturing, Addit. Manuf., 22, 197
Paolini, 2019, Additive manufacturing in construction: a review on processes, applications, and digital planning methods, Addit. Manuf., 30
Ehrenstein, 2011
Assouline, 2001, Lamellar twisting in α isotactic polypropylene transcrystallinity investigated by synchrotron microbeam X-ray diffraction, Polymer, 42, 6231, 10.1016/S0032-3861(01)00087-8
Wang, 2017, Effect of fused layer modeling (FLM) processing parameters on impact strength of cellular polypropylene, Polymer, 113, 74, 10.1016/j.polymer.2017.02.055
Kumaraswamy, 2000, Shear-enhanced crystallization in isotactic polypropylenePart 2. Analysis of the formation of the oriented “skin”, Polymer, 41, 8931, 10.1016/S0032-3861(00)00236-6
Somani, 2005, Shear-induced molecular orientation and crystallization in isotactic polypropylene: effects of the deformation rate and strain, Macromolecules, 38, 1244, 10.1021/ma048285d
Mi, 2016, Quantification of the effect of shish-kebab structure on the mechanical properties of polypropylene samples by controlling shear layer thickness, Macromolecules, 49, 4571, 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b00822
Dikovsky, 2005, Shear-induced crystallization in isotactic polypropylene containing ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene oriented precursor domains, Polymer, 46, 3096, 10.1016/j.polymer.2005.01.086
Tanami, 2016, Crystalline structure and thermodynamic analysis of ultra-low diameter VGCF-polypropylene nanocomposite monofilaments, Polym. Compos., 37, 1641, 10.1002/pc.23336
Shalom, 2018, Restructuring of confined crystalline morphology in the drawing process of VGCF-iPP nanocomposite filaments, Polymer, 154, 218, 10.1016/j.polymer.2018.09.015
Milicevic, 2012, Microstructure and crystallinity of polyolefins oriented via solid-state stretching at an elevated temperature, Fibers Polym., 13, 466, 10.1007/s12221-012-0466-4
Fujiwara, 1975, Das Doppelschmelzverhalten der β -Phase des isotaktischen Polypropylens, Colloid & Polymer Sci., 253, 273, 10.1007/BF02352075
Wang, 2018, Effect of fused deposition modeling process parameters on the mechanical properties of a filled polypropylene, Prog. Addit. Manuf., 3, 205, 10.1007/s40964-018-0053-3
Rizvi, 2017, Effect of injection molding parameters on crystallinity and mechanical properties of isotactic polypropylene, Int. J. Plast. Technol., 21, 404, 10.1007/s12588-017-9194-3
Nie, 2014, Effect of die temperature on morphology and performance of polyethylene pipe prepared via mandrel rotation extrusion, J. Macromol. Sci. Part B- Phys., 53, 1442, 10.1080/00222348.2014.928161
Lima, 2002, Crystallinity changes in plastically deformed isotactic polypropylene evaluated by x-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry methods, J. Polym. Sci. Part B: Polym. Phys., 40, 896, 10.1002/polb.10159
Gomes, 2010, Influence of the β-phase content and degree of crystallinity on the piezo- and ferroelectric properties of poly(vinylidene fluoride), Smart Mater. Struct., 19, 65010, 10.1088/0964-1726/19/6/065010
Mark, 2007
Oberbach, 2004
Bodaghi, 2019, 4D printing self-morphing structures, Materials, 12, 1353, 10.3390/ma12081353
Economidou, 2016, Optical sensor-based measurements of thermal expansion coefficient in additive manufacturing, Polym. Test., 51, 117, 10.1016/j.polymertesting.2016.03.001
Choy, 1980, Thermal conductivity of oriented crystalline polymers - a model, J. Polym. Sci. Part B: Polym. Phys., 18, 1187
Srinivas, 2019, Interfacial stereocomplexation to strengthen fused deposition modeled poly(lactide) welds, ACS Appl. Polym. Mater., 1, 2131, 10.1021/acsapm.9b00421
Wang, 2016, A novel approach to improve mechanical properties of parts fabricated by fused deposition modeling, Mater. Design, 105, 152, 10.1016/j.matdes.2016.05.078
Huang, 1998, Self-reinforcement of polypropylene by flow-induced crystallization during continuous extrusion, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 67, 2111, 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4628(19980321)67:12<2111::AID-APP18>3.0.CO;2-3
Khudiakova, 2019, Inter-layer bonding characterisation between materials with different degrees of stiffness processed by fused filament fabrication, Addit. Manuf., 28, 184
Chacón, 2017, Additive manufacturing of PLA structures using fused deposition modelling: effect of process parameters on mechanical properties and their optimal selection, Material. Design, 124, 143, 10.1016/j.matdes.2017.03.065
Caminero, 2019, Additive manufacturing of PLA-based composites using fused filament fabrication: effect of graphene nanoplatelet reinforcement on mechanical properties, dimensional accuracy and texture, Polymers, 11, 799, 10.3390/polym11050799