Problems related to gauge invariance and momentum, spin decomposition in nucleon structure study
Tóm tắt
How do the quark and gluon share the nucleon momentum? How does the nucleon spin distribute among its constituents? What means the quark and gluon momentum, spin and orbital angular momentum? These problems are analyzed and a solution is proposed based on gauge invariance principle, canonical quantization rule and Poincaré covariance.
Tài liệu tham khảo
citation_journal_title=Phys. Lett. B; citation_title=A measurement of the spin assymetry and determination of the structure function g
1 in deep inelatic muon-proton scattering; citation_author=A Ashman; citation_volume=206; citation_publication_date=1988; citation_pages=364-370; citation_doi=10.1016/0370-2693(88)91523-7; citation_id=CR1
citation_journal_title=Phys. Rep.; citation_title=The theory and phenomenology of polarized deep inelastic scattering; citation_author=M Anselmino, A Efremov, E Leader; citation_volume=261; citation_publication_date=1995; citation_pages=1-124; citation_doi=10.1016/0370-1573(95)00011-5; citation_id=CR2
citation_journal_title=Phys. Rev. D; citation_title=Extraction of spin-dependent parton densities and their uncertainties; citation_author=D d Florian, R Sassot, M Stratmann, W Vogelsang; citation_volume=80; citation_publication_date=2009; citation_pages=034030-1-25; citation_doi=10.1103/PhysRevD.80.034030; citation_id=CR3
citation_journal_title=Phys. Rev. D; citation_title=Is nucleon spin structure inconsistent with the constituent quark model; citation_author=D Qing, X S Chen, F Wang; citation_volume=58; citation_publication_date=1998; citation_pages=114032-1-11; citation_doi=10.1103/PhysRevD.58.114032; citation_id=CR4
citation_journal_title=Phys. Rev. Lett.; citation_title=Flavor singlet g (A) from lattice QCD; citation_author=S J Dong, J P Lagae, K F Liu; citation_volume=75; citation_publication_date=1995; citation_pages=2096-2099; citation_doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.75.2096; citation_id=CR5
citation_journal_title=Phys. Rev. D; citation_title=Deepinelastic spin and flavor asymmetry of the nucleon from a QCD-inspired quark model; citation_author=Z Dziembowski, C J Martoff, P Zyla; citation_volume=50; citation_publication_date=1994; citation_pages=5613-5626; citation_doi=10.1103/PhysRevD.50.5613; citation_id=CR6
citation_journal_title=Int. J. Mod. Phys. E; citation_title=Spin and orbital angular momentum in the proton; citation_author=A W Thomas; citation_volume=18; citation_publication_date=2009; citation_pages=1116-1134; citation_doi=10.1142/S0218301309013403; citation_id=CR7
citation_journal_title=Nucl. Phys. B; citation_title=Chiral quarks and the nonrelativistic quark model; citation_author=A Manohar, H Georgi; citation_volume=234; citation_publication_date=1984; citation_pages=189-212; citation_doi=10.1016/0550-3213(84)90231-1; citation_id=CR8
citation_journal_title=Nucl. Phys. B; citation_title=The g
1 problem: deep inelastic electron scattering and the spin of the proton; citation_author=R L Jaffe, A Manohar; citation_volume=337; citation_publication_date=1990; citation_pages=509-546; citation_doi=10.1016/0550-3213(90)90506-9; citation_id=CR9
citation_journal_title=Commun. Theor. Phys.; citation_title=The problem of gauge invariance in the current study of nucleon spin; citation_author=X S Chen, F Wang; citation_volume=27; citation_publication_date=1997; citation_pages=121-124; citation_doi=10.1088/0253-6102/27/1/121; citation_id=CR10
citation_journal_title=J. Math. Phys.; citation_title=Proof of the charge superselection rule in local relativistic quantum field theory; citation_author=F Strocchi, A S Wightman; citation_volume=15; citation_publication_date=1974; citation_pages=2198-2224; citation_doi=10.1063/1.1666601; citation_id=CR11
citation_journal_title=J. Phys. G; citation_title=A warning on proving gauge independence using the functional integral method; citation_author=X S Chen, W M Sun, F Wang; citation_volume=25; citation_publication_date=1999; citation_pages=2021-2024; citation_doi=10.1088/0954-3899/25/10/302; citation_id=CR12
citation_journal_title=Phys. Rev. D; citation_title=Gauge invariance, time-dependent Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation, and the Pauli Hamiltonian; citation_author=T Goldman; citation_volume=4; citation_publication_date=1977; citation_pages=1063-1067; citation_doi=10.1103/PhysRevD.15.1063; citation_id=CR13
citation_journal_title=Phys. Lett. B; citation_title=Proper identification of the gluon spin; citation_author=X S Chen, W M Sun, F Wang, T Goldman; citation_volume=700; citation_publication_date=2011; citation_pages=21-24; citation_doi=10.1016/j.physletb.2011.04.045; citation_id=CR14
citation_journal_title=Phys. Rev. Lett.; citation_title=Spin and orbital angular momentum in gauge theories: nucleon spin structure and multipole radiation revisited; citation_author=X S Chen, X F Lü, W M Sun, F Wang, T Goldman; citation_volume=100; citation_publication_date=2008; citation_pages=232002-1-4; citation_doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.100.232002; citation_id=CR15
citation_journal_title=Phys. Rev. D; citation_title=On gauge-invariant decomposition of nucleon spin; citation_author=M Wakamatsu; citation_volume=81; citation_publication_date=2010; citation_pages=114010-1-18; citation_doi=10.1103/PhysRevD.81.114010; citation_id=CR16
citation_journal_title=Phys. Rev. Lett.; citation_title=Do gluon carry half of the nucleon momentum?; citation_author=X S Chen, W M Sun, X F Lü, F Wang, T Goldman; citation_volume=103; citation_publication_date=2009; citation_pages=062001-1-4; citation_id=CR17
citation_journal_title=Opt. Laser Eng.; citation_title=Single-slit diffraction of an optical beam with phase singularity; citation_author=D P Ghai, P Senthikumaran, R S Sirihi; citation_volume=47; citation_publication_date=2009; citation_pages=123-126; citation_doi=10.1016/j.optlaseng.2008.07.019; citation_id=CR18
X. S. Chen, arXiv:1211.2360[gr-qc]; 1211.4407[physics.class-ph].
citation_journal_title=Mod. Phys. Lett. B; citation_title=New application of decomposition of U (1) gauge potential: Aharonov-Bohm effect and Anderson-Higgs mechanism; citation_author=J F Li, Y Jiang, W M Sun, H S Zong, F Wang; citation_volume=26; citation_publication_date=2012; citation_pages=1250124-1-9; citation_id=CR20
citation_journal_title=Eur. Phys. J. A; citation_title=On gauge invariant nucleon spin decomposition; citation_author=P M Zhang, D G Pak; citation_volume=49; citation_publication_date=2012; citation_pages=91-1-5; citation_id=CR21
citation_title=Relativistic Quantum Field; citation_publication_date=1965; citation_id=CR22; citation_author=J D Bjorken; citation_author=S D Drell; citation_publisher=Mcgraw-Hill Inc.
citation_journal_title=Phys. Rev. Lett.; citation_title=Comment on “Spin and orbital angular momentum in gauge theories: nucleon spin structure and multipole radiation revisited; citation_author=X Ji; citation_volume=104; citation_publication_date=2010; citation_pages=039101; citation_doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.039101; citation_id=CR23