Probiotics and prebiotics associated with aquaculture: A review

Abbas, 2012

Ahmdifar, 2011, Effects of different dietary prebiotic inulin levels on blood serum enzymes, hematologic, and biochemical parameters of great sturgeon (Huso huso) juveniles, Comp. Clin. Pathol., 20, 447, 10.1007/s00580-010-1017-2

Akrami, 2013, Effect of dietary supplementation of fructooligosaccharide (FOS) on growth performance, survival, Lactobacillus bacterial population and hemato-immunological parameters of stellate sturgeon (Acipenser stellatus) juvenile, Fish Shellfish Immunol., 35, 1235, 10.1016/j.fsi.2013.07.039

Al-Dohail, 2009, Effects of the probiotic, Lactobacillus acidophilus, on the growth performance, haematology parameters and immunoglobulin concentration in African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus, Burchell 1822) fingerling, Aqua. Res., 40, 1642, 10.1111/j.1365-2109.2009.02265.x

Alexander, 1992, Noncellular nonspecific defense mechanisms of fish, Annu. Rev. Fish Dis., 2, 249, 10.1016/0959-8030(92)90066-7

Aly, 2008, Studies on Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus acidophilus, as potential probiotics, on the immune response and resistance of Tilapia nilotica (Oreochromis niloticus) to challenge infections, Fish Shellfish Immunol., 25, 128, 10.1016/j.fsi.2008.03.013

Amlashi, 2011, Effect of dietary vitamin E on growth, muscle composition, hematological and immunological parameters of sub-yearling beluga Huso huso L, Fish Shellfish Immunol., 30, 807, 10.1016/j.fsi.2011.01.002

Antony, 2011, Antimicrobial peptide gene expression in tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon in response to gram-positive bacterial probionts and white spot virus challenge, Aquaculture, 316, 6, 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2011.03.025

Bai, 2013, Effects of continuous and alternative administration of a-glucan and mannan-oligosaccharide on the growth, immunity and resistance against Vibrio splendidus of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus (Selenka), Aquacult Res., 44, 1613, 10.1111/are.12055

Balcázar, 2003

Balcázar, 2006, The role of probiotics in aquaculture, Veterinary Microbiol., 114, 173, 10.1016/j.vetmic.2006.01.009

Balcázar, 2007, Enhancement of the immune response and protection induced by probiotic lactic acid bacteria against furunculosis in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), FEMS Immunol. Med. Microbiol., 51, 85, 10.1111/j.1574-695X.2007.00294.x

Balcázar, 2006, Immune modulation by probiotic strains: quantification of phagocytosis of Aeromonas salmonicida by leukocytes isolated from gut of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) using a radiolabelling assay, Comp. Immunol. Microbiol. Infect. Dis., 29, 5, 10.1016/j.cimid.2006.09.004

Batista, 2013, Expression of immune response genes in sole (Solea senegalensis, Kaup 1858) induced by dietary probiotic supplementation following exposure to Photobabacterium damselae subsp. piscicida, Fish Shellfish Immunol., 34, 1638, 10.1016/j.fsi.2013.03.015

Beck, 1996, Immunity and the invertebrates, Sci. Am., 275, 60, 10.1038/scientificamerican1196-60

Biswas, 2013, Cytokine responses in the Japanese pufferfish (Takifugu rubripes) head kidney cells induced with heat-killed probiotics isolated from the Mongolian dairy products, Fish Shellfish Immunol., 34, 1170, 10.1016/j.fsi.2013.01.024

Boshra, 2006, Recent advances on the complement system of teleost fish, Fish Shellfish Immunol., 20, 239, 10.1016/j.fsi.2005.04.004

Bron, 2012, Emerging molecular insights into the interaction between probiotics and the host intestinal mucosa, Nat. Rev. Microbiol., 10, 10.1038/nrmicro2690

Brown, 2002, Dectin-1 is a major b-glucan receptor on macrophages, J. Exp. Med., 196, 407, 10.1084/jem.20020470

Cerezuela, 2008, Effects of inulin on gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.) innate immune parameters, Fish Shellfish Immunol., 24, 663, 10.1016/j.fsi.2007.10.002

Cerezuela, 2012, Increases in immune parameters by inulin and Bacillus subtilis dietary administration to gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.) did not correlate with disease resistance to Photobacterium damselae, Fish. Shellfish Immunol., 32, 1032, 10.1016/j.fsi.2012.02.025

Chabrillon, 2005, Interactions of microorganisms isolated from gilthead sea bream, Sparusaurata L., on Vibrio harveyi, a pathogen of farmed Senegalese sole, Solea senegalensis (Kaup), J. Fish. Dis., 28, 531, 10.1111/j.1365-2761.2005.00657.x

Christensen, 2002, Lactobacilli differentially modulate expression of cytokines and maturation surface markers in murine dendritic cells, J. Immunol., 168, 171, 10.4049/jimmunol.168.1.171

Cytokine in John Lackie, 2010

Cytokine in Stedman’s Medical Dictionary, 2006

Das, 2013, Effects of potential probiotic Bacillus amyloliquifaciens FPTB16 on systemic and cutaneous mucosal immune responses and disease resistance of catla (Catla catla), Fish Shellfish Immunol., 35, 1547, 10.1016/j.fsi.2013.08.022

Denev, 2008

Dhanasiri, 2011, Changes in the intestinal microbiota of wild Atlantic cod Gadus morhua L. upon captive rearing, Microb. Ecol., 61, 20, 10.1007/s00248-010-9673-y

Dimitroglou, 2011, Microbial manipulations to improve fish health and production — a Mediterranean perspective, Fish Shellfish Immunol., 30, 1, 10.1016/j.fsi.2010.08.009

Dong, 2013, Immunostimulatory effects of dietary fructooligosaccharides on red swamp crayfish, Procambarus clarkii (Girard), Aquacult Res., 44, 1416, 10.1111/j.1365-2109.2012.03146.x

Ebrahimi, 2012, Effects of a prebiotic, Immunogen®, on feed utilization, body composition, immunity and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila infection in the common carp Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus) fingerlings, J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr., 96, 591, 10.1111/j.1439-0396.2011.01182.x

El-Dakar, 2007, Assessing the use of a dietary probiotic/prebiotic as an enhancer of spine foot rabbit fish Siganus rivulatus survival and growth, Aqua. Nutr., 13, 407, 10.1111/j.1365-2095.2007.00491.x

Ellis, 1999, Immunity to bacteria in fish, Fish Shellfish Immunol., 9, 291, 10.1006/fsim.1998.0192

Ellis, 2001, Innate host defense mechanisms of fish against viruses and bacteria, Dev. Comp. Immunol., 25, 827, 10.1016/S0145-305X(01)00038-6

FAO, 2001

FAO/WHO, 2001

Fooks, 1999, Prebiotics, probiotics and human gut microbiology, Int. Dairy J., 9, 53, 10.1016/S0958-6946(99)00044-8

Fuller, 1987, A review, probiotics in man and animals, J. Appl. Bacteriol., 66, 365

Fuller, 1989, A review: probiotics in man and animals, J. Appl. Bacteriol., 66, 365, 10.1111/j.1365-2672.1989.tb05105.x

Galdeano, 2006, The probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus casei induces activation of the gut mucosal immune system through innate immunity, Clin. Vacc. Immunol., 13, 9, 10.1128/CVI.13.2.219-226.2006

Galli, 2009, Effects of fat and fatty acid intake on inflammatory and immune responses. A critical review, Annu Nutr. Metab., 55, 123, 10.1159/000228999

Gatesoupe, 1999, The use of probiotics in aquaculture, Aquaculture, 180, 147, 10.1016/S0044-8486(99)00187-8

Geralylou, 2013, Effects of dietary arabionxylan-oligosaccharides (AXOS) and endogenous probiotics on the growth performance, non-specific immunity and gut microbiota of juvenile Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii), Fish. Shellfish Immunol., 35, 766, 10.1016/j.fsi.2013.06.014

Geralylou, 2012, Effects of arabionxylan-oligosaccharides (AXOS) on juvenile Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) performance, immune responses and gastrointestinal microbial community, Fish. Shellfish Immunol., 33, 718, 10.1016/j.fsi.2012.06.010

Gibson, 1995, Dietary modulation of the human colonic microbiota: introducing the concept of prebiotics, J. Nutr., 125, 1401, 10.1093/jn/125.6.1401

Gismondo, 1999, Review of probiotics available to modify gastrointestinal flora, Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents, 12, 287, 10.1016/S0924-8579(99)00050-3

Goethe, 1998, Posttranscriptional lipopolysaccharide regulation of the lysozyme gene at processing of the primary transcript in myelomonocytic HD11 cells, J. Immunol., 160, 4970, 10.4049/jimmunol.160.10.4970

Grisdale-Helland, 2008, The effects of dietary supplementation with mannanoligosaccharide, fructooligosaccharide or galactooligosaccharide on the growth and feed utilization of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.), Aquaculture, 283, 163, 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2008.07.012

Gu, 2011, Effects of dietary b-glucan, mannan oligosaccharide and their combinations on growth performance, immunity and resistance against Vibrio splendidus of sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicus, Fish. Shellfish Immunol., 31, 303, 10.1016/j.fsi.2011.05.018

Gullian, 2004, Selection of probiotic bacteria and study of their immunostimulatory effect in Penaeus vannamei, Aquaculture, 233, 1, 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2003.09.013

Hellio, 2007, Demonstration of a true phenoloxidase activity and activation of a ProPO cascade in pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg) in vitro, Fish. Shellfish Immunol., 22, 433, 10.1016/j.fsi.2006.06.014

Huang, 2014, Dietary supplementation of Pediococcus pentosaceus enhances innate immunity, physiological health and resistance to Vibrio anguillarum in orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides), Fish Shellfish Immunol., 39, 196, 10.1016/j.fsi.2014.05.003

Ibrahem, 2010, Effect of dietary supplementation of inulin and vitamin C on the growth hematology, innate immunity and resistance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), Fish. Shellfish Immunol., 29, 241, 10.1016/j.fsi.2010.03.004

Irianto, 2002, Probiotics in aquaculture, J. Fish Dis., 25, 633, 10.1046/j.1365-2761.2002.00422.x

Irianto, 2002, Use of probiotics to control furunculosis in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), J. Fish. Dis., 25, 333, 10.1046/j.1365-2761.2002.00375.x

Irianto, 2003, Use of dead probiotic cells to control furunculosis in rainbow trout, Onchorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), J. Fish. Dis., 26, 59, 10.1046/j.1365-2761.2003.00414.x

Janeway, 2001

Jollès, 1984, What is new in lysozyme research? Always a model system, todays as yesterday, Mol. Cell Biochem., 63, 156

Kazun, 2014, Probiotics in aquaculture, Med. Weter., 70, 25

Kim, 2013, Lactococcus lactis BFE920 activates the innate immune system of olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus), resulting in protection against Streptococcus iniae infection and enhancing feed efficiency and weight gain in large scale field-studies, Fish Shellfish Immunol., 35, 1585, 10.1016/j.fsi.2013.09.008

Kim, 2006, Cytokine expression in leucocytes and gut cells of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum, induced by probiotics, Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol., 114, 297, 10.1016/j.vetimm.2006.08.015

Kim, 2006, Innate immune responses in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum) induced by probiotics, Fish. Shellfish Immunol., 21, 513, 10.1016/j.fsi.2006.02.007

Kocher, 2004, The potential for immunosaccharides to maximize growth performance: a review of six published meta-analyses on bio-mos, 107

Korkea-Aho, 2012, Pseudomonas M162 confers protection against rainbow trout fry syndrome, J. Appl. Microbiol., 113, 24, 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2012.05325.x

Kumar, 2008, Enhanced innate immune parameters in Labeo rohita (Ham.) following oral administration of Bacillus subtilis, Fish. Shellfish Immunol., 24, 168, 10.1016/j.fsi.2007.10.008

Lazado, 2011, In vitro adherence of two candidate probiotics from Atlantic cod and their interference with the adhesion of two pathogenic bacteria, Vet. Microbiol., 148, 252, 10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.08.024

Lindsay, 1986, The significance of chitinolytic enzymes and lysozyme in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) defence, Aquaculture, 51, 169, 10.1016/0044-8486(86)90306-6

Liu, 2012, Dietary administration of the probiotic, Bacillus subtilis E20, enhances the growth, innate immunity response, and disease resistance of the grouper, Epinephelus coioides, Fish. Shellfish Immunol., 33, 699, 10.1016/j.fsi.2012.06.012

Luis-Villasenor, 2011, Beneficial effects of four Bacillus strains on the larval cultivation of Litopenaeus vannamei, Aquaculture, 321, 136, 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2011.08.036

Magnadoóttir, 2006, Immunostimulation of larvae and juveniles of cod, Gadus morhua L, J. Fish Dis., 29, 147, 10.1111/j.1365-2761.2006.00701.x

Mahdhi, 2012, Probiotic properties of Brevibacillusbrevis and its influence on sea bass (Dicentrarchuslabrax) larval rearing, Afr. J. Microbiol. Res., 6, 6487, 10.5897/AJMR12.1201

Mourino, 2012, Effect of dietary supplementation of inulin and W. cibaria on haemato-immunological parameters of hybrid surubim (Pseudoplatystoma sp), Aquacult Nutr., 18, 73, 10.1111/j.1365-2095.2011.00879.x

Mussatto, 2007, Non-digestible oligosaccharides: a review, Carbohydr. Polym., 68, 587, 10.1016/j.carbpol.2006.12.011

Nayak, 2010, Probiotics and immunity: a fish perspectives, Fish Shellfish Immunol., 29, 2, 10.1016/j.fsi.2010.02.017

Nayak, 2007, Effect of dietary supplementation of probiotic and vitamin C on the immune response of Indian major carp, Labeo rohita (Ham), Fish. Shellfish Immunol., 23, 892, 10.1016/j.fsi.2007.02.008

Neissi, 2013, The effect of Pediococcus acidilactici bacteria used as probiotic supplement on the growth and non-specific immune responses of green terror, Aequidens rivulatus, Fish Shellfish Immunol., 35, 1976, 10.1016/j.fsi.2013.09.036

Newaj-Fyzul, 2014, Review: developments in the use of probiotics for disease control in aquaculture, Aquaculture, 431, 1, 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2013.08.026

Niers, 2005, Identification of strong interleukin-10 inducing lactic acid bacteria which down regulate T helper type 2 cytokines, Clin. Exp. Allergy, 35, 1481, 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2005.02375.x

Nikoskelainen, 2003, Immune enhancement in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) by potential probiotic bacteria (Lactobacillus rhamnosus), Fish. Shellfish Immunol., 15, 43, 10.1016/S1050-4648(03)00023-8

Panigrahi, 2004, Immune responses in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss induced by a potential probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus rhamnosus JCM 1136, Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol., 102, 379, 10.1016/j.vetimm.2004.08.006

Panigrahi, 2007, Immune modulation and expression of cytokine genes in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss upon probiotic feeding, Dev. Comp. Immunol., 31, 372, 10.1016/j.dci.2006.07.004

Parker, 1974, Probiotics, the other half of the antibiotic story, Anim. Nutr. Health, 29, 4

Péréz-Sánchez, 2011, Expression of immune-related genes in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) induced by probiotic bacteria during Lactococcus garvieae infection, Fish Shellfish Immunol., 31, 196, 10.1016/j.fsi.2011.05.005

Pirarat, 2006, Protective effects and mechanisms of a probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus rhamnosus against experimental Edwardsiella tarda infection in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol., 113, 339, 10.1016/j.vetimm.2006.06.003

Ai, 2011, Effects of dietary supplementation of Bacillus subtilis and fructooligosaccharide on growth performance, survival, no-specific immune response and disease resistance of juvenile large yellow croaker, Larimichthys crocea, Aquaculture, 317, 155, 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2011.04.036

Rahiman, 2010, Probiotic effect of Bacillus NL110 and Vibrio NE17 on the survival, growth performance and immune response of Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man), Aquac. Res., 41, 120, 10.1111/j.1365-2109.2009.02473.x

Rengpipat, 2000, Immunity enhancement in black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) by a probiont bacterium (Bacillus S11), Aquaculture, 191, 271, 10.1016/S0044-8486(00)00440-3

Ridha, 2012, Preliminary evaluation of growth performance and immune response of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus supplemented with two putative probiotic bacteria, Aquac. Res., 43, 843, 10.1111/j.1365-2109.2011.02899.x

Roberfroid, 2005, Introducing inulin-type fructans, Brit J. Nutr., 93, 13, 10.1079/BJN20041350

Rodrigues-Estrada, 2009, Effects of single and combined supplementation of Enterococcus faecalis, mannan oligosaccharide and polyhydrobutyric acid on growth performance and immune response of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss, Aquacult Sci., 54, 609

Rodriguez-Estrada, 2013, Effects of inactivated Enterococcus faecalis and mannan oligosaccharide and their combination on growth, immunity, and disease protection in rainbow trout, N. Am. J. Aquacult., 75, 416, 10.1080/15222055.2013.799620

Sakai, 1995, Enhancement of resistance to vibriosis in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum) by oral administration of Clostridium butyricum bacteria, J. Fish. Dis., 18, 187, 10.1111/j.1365-2761.1995.tb00276.x

Salinas, 2008, Monospecies and multispecies probiotic formulations produce different systemic and local immunostimulatory effects in the gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.), Fish. Shellfish Immunol., 25, 114, 10.1016/j.fsi.2008.03.011

Salinas, 2006, Effect of heat-inactivated fish and non-fish derived probiotics on the innate immune parameters of a teleost fish (Sparus aurata L.), Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol., 111, 279, 10.1016/j.vetimm.2006.01.020

Sang, 2011, Effects of dietary mannan oligosaccharide on the survival, growth, immunity and digestive enzyme activity of freshwater crayfish, Cherax destructor Clark (1936), Aquacult Nutr., 17, 629, 10.1111/j.1365-2095.2010.00812.x

Sang, 2010, Effects of mannan oligosaccharide dietary supplementation on performances of the tropical spiny lobsters juvenile (Panulirus ornatus, Fabricius 1798), Fish. Shellfish Immunol., 28, 483, 10.1016/j.fsi.2009.12.011

Sang, 2011, Effects of dietary mannan oligosaccharide on survival, growth, physiological condition, and immunological responses of marron. Cherax tenuimanus (Smith 1912), J. World Aquacult Soc., 42, 230, 10.1111/j.1749-7345.2011.00459.x

Sang, 2009, Dietary supplementation of mannan oligosaccharide improves the immune responses and survival of marron, Cherax tenuimanus (Smith, 1912) when challenged with different stressors, Fish. Shellfish Immunol., 27, 341, 10.1016/j.fsi.2009.06.003

Secombes, 1990, Isolation of salmonid macrophages and analysis of their killing activity, vol. I, 137

Sharifuzzaman, 2009, Influence of probiotic feeding duration on disease resistance and immune parameters in rainbow trout, Fish. Shellfish Immunol., 27, 440, 10.1016/j.fsi.2009.06.010

Skjermo, 2006, Evaluation of b-(1/3, 1/6)-glucans and high-M alginate used as immunostimulatory dietary supplement during first feeding and weaning of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.), Aquaculture, 261, 1088, 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2006.07.035

Smith, 1991, Comparison of phenoloxidase activity in the blood of marine invertebrates, Dev. Comp. Immunol., 15, 251, 10.1016/0145-305X(91)90018-T

Soleimani, 2012, Dietary supplementation of fructooligosaccharide (FOS) improves the innate immune response, stress resistance, digestive enzyme activities and growth performance of Caspian roach (Rutilus rutilus) fry, Fish. Shellfish Immunol., 32, 316, 10.1016/j.fsi.2011.11.023

Soleimani, 2012, Dietary supplementation of fructooligosaccharide (FOS) improves the innate immune response, stress resistance, digestive enzyme activities and growth performance of Caspian roach (Rutilus rutilus) fry, Fish. Shellfish Immunol., 32, 316, 10.1016/j.fsi.2011.11.023

Song, 2006, Effects of dietary supplementation with Clostridium butyricumon the growth performance and humoral immune response in Miichthys miiuy, J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B, 7, 596, 10.1631/jzus.2006.B0596

Sorroza, 2012, Characterization of the probiotic strain Vagococcusfluvialis in the protection of European sea bass (Dicentrarchuslabrax) against vibriosis by Vibrio anguillarum, Vet. Microbiol., 155, 369, 10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.09.013

Standen, 2013, Probiotic Pediococcus acidilactici moderates both localized intestinal- and peripheral-immunity in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), Fish Shellfish Immunol., 35, 1097, 10.1016/j.fsi.2013.07.018

Staykov, 2007, Effect of a mannan oligosaccharide on the growth performance and immune status of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), Aquacult Int., 15, 153, 10.1007/s10499-007-9096-z

Sugimura, 2011, Correlation between in vitromucus adhesion and the in vivo colonization ability of lactic acid bacteria: screening of new candidate carp probiotics, Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem., 75, 511, 10.1271/bbb.100732

Sugita, 1991, The vitamin B12-producing ability of the intestinal microflora of freshwater fish, Aquaculture, 92, 267, 10.1016/0044-8486(91)90028-6

Sugita, 1992, Production and consumption of biotin by the intestinal microflora of cultured freshwater fishes, Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem., 56, 1678, 10.1271/bbb.56.1678

Sun, 2012, Dietary supplement of fructooligosaccharides and Bacillus subtilis enhances the growth rate and disease resistance of the sea cucumber Apostichopus janonicus (Selenka), Aquacult Res., 43, 1328, 10.1111/j.1365-2109.2011.02936.x

Sun, 2010, Probiotic applications of two dominant gut Bacillus strains with antagonistic activity improved the growth performance and immune responses of grouper Epinephelus coioides, Fish Shellfish Immunol., 29, 803, 10.1016/j.fsi.2010.07.018

Taoka, 2006, Use of live and dead probiotic cells in tilapia Oreochromis niloticus, Fish. Sci., 72, 55, 10.1111/j.1444-2906.2006.01215.x

ten Doeschate, 2008, Improved growth rate in farmed Haliotismidae through probiotic treatment, Aquaculture, 284, 174, 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2008.07.018

Torrecillas, 2011, Reduced gut bacterial translocation in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fed mannan oligosaccharides (MOS), Fish. Shellfish Immunol., 30, 674, 10.1016/j.fsi.2010.12.020

Verschuere, 2000, Probiotic bacteria as biological control agents in aquaculture, Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev., 64, 651, 10.1128/MMBR.64.4.655-671.2000

Vine, 2006, Probiotics in marine larviculture, FEMS Microbiol. Rev., 30, 404, 10.1111/j.1574-6976.2006.00017.x

Vine, 2004, Competition for attachment of aquaculture candidate probiotic and pathogenic bacteria on fish intestinal mucus, J. Fish. Dis., 27, 319, 10.1111/j.1365-2761.2004.00542.x

von der Weid, 2001, Induction by a lactic acid bacterium of a population of CD4þ T cells with low proliferative capacity that produces transforming growth factor b and interleukin-10, Clin. Diagn Lab. Immunol., 8, 695, 10.1128/CDLI.8.4.695-701.2001

Wang, 2008, Effect of probiotics, Enteroccus faecium, on tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) growth performance and immune response, Aquaculture, 277, 203, 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2008.03.007

Xing, 2013, Diet supplementation of Pediococcus pentosaceus in cobia (Rachycentron canadum) enhances growth rate, respiratory burst and resistance against photobacteriosis, Fish. Shellfish Immunol., 35, 1122, 10.1016/j.fsi.2013.07.021

Yadav, 2002, The b-glucan receptor dectin-1 functions together with TLR2 to mediate macrophage activation by mycobacteria, Blood, 108, 3168, 10.1182/blood-2006-05-024406

Yan, 2002, Surface attachment induced production of antimicrobial compounds by marine epiphytic bacteria using modified roller bottle cultivation, Mar. Biotechnol., 4, 356, 10.1007/s10126-002-0041-x

Ye, 2011, Aquacult Nutr., 17, 902, 10.1111/j.1365-2095.2011.00863.x

Zhang, 2013, Combined effects of dietary fructooligosaccharide and Bacillus licheniformis on innate immunity, antioxidant capability and disease resistance of triangular bream (Megalobrama terminalis), Fish. Shellfish Immunol., 35, 1380, 10.1016/j.fsi.2013.07.047

Zhang, 2010, Interaction of dietary Bacillus subtilis and fructooligosaccharide on the growth performance, non-specific immunity of sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicus, Fish. Shellfish Immunol., 29, 204, 10.1016/j.fsi.2010.03.009

Zhou, 2010, Effects of dietary prebiotics on growth performance, immune response and intestinal morphology of red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus), Aquaculture, 309, 253, 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2010.09.003

Zokaeifar, 2012, Effects of Bacillus subtilis on the growth performance, digestive enzymes, immune gene expression and disease resistance of white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, Fish. Shellfish Immunol., 33, 683, 10.1016/j.fsi.2012.05.027