Prioritization of Sub-Basins of Gomti River for Soil and Water Conservation Through Morphometric and LULC Analysis Using Remote Sensing and GIS
Tóm tắt
Prioritization of river basin in semi-arid to sub-humid tropical region is important in the context of natural resources conservation and management. In this paper, the Gomti River basin was prioritized for soil–water resource conservation based on analysis of morphometric parameters and land use–land cover with RS and GIS techniques. Gomti River is a monsoon and groundwater-fed river; it is a tributary of Ganga River. The basin has been divided into seventeen sub-basins. ASTER (30 m) Digital Elevation Model data and LANDSAT—8 (30 m) satellite imagery were used to analyze the morphometric parameters and to generate land-use–land-cover data for the basin through supervised image classification technique. The linear, areal, and relief aspects of each sub-basins were determined. Morphometric analysis revealed that the basin is a fifth-order drainage system with a dendritic to sub-dendritic drainage pattern. Drainage patterns indicate that sub-surface materials are homogeneous and lack structural control over topography. The circulatory ratio value indicates the basin is an elongated shape. Low values of morphometric parameters indicate good permeability, infiltration, and coarse drainage texture, low relief, and elongated shape indicated good groundwater potential in the basin. The final prioritization result shows that the sub-basin 12 is at the highest priority with the greatest shortage of groundwater potential, so immediate water conservation measures are needed. Contrary, sub-basin 3 is at low priority that indicates the highest groundwater potential. This study suggests the primary priority to improve the water resource management in semi-arid regions at the basin level.
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