Principal response curves: Analysis of time‐dependent multivariate responses of biological community to stress
Tóm tắt
In this paper a novel multivariate method is proposed for the analysis of community response data from designed experiments repeatedly sampled in time. The long‐term effects of the insecticide chlorpyrifos on the invertebrate community and the dissolved oxygen (DO)–pH–alkalinity–conductivity syndrome, in outdoor experimental ditches, are used as example data. The new method, which we have named the principal response curve method (PRC), is based on redundancy analysis (RDA), adjusted for overall changes in community response over time, as observed in control test systems. This allows the method to focus on the time‐dependent treatment effects. The principal component is plotted against time, yielding a principal response curve of the community for each treatment. The PRC method distills the complexity of time‐dependent, community‐level effects of pollutants into a graphic form that can be appreciated more readily than the results of other currently available multivariate techniques. The PRC method also enables a quantitative interpretation of effects towards the species level.
Từ khóa
Tài liệu tham khảo
Ter BraakCJF.1988.CANOCO—A FORRAN Pogram for Canonical Community Ordination by [Partial] [Detrended] [Canonical] Correspondence Analysis Principal Component Analysis and Redundancy Analysis Ver 2.1. LWA‐88‐02. Technical Report. DLO‐Agricultural Mathematics Group Wageningen The Netherlands.
Manly BFJ, 1990, Randomization and Monte Carlo Methods in Biology
Gower JC, 1996, Biplots
Shaw JL, 1996, Evaluating macroinvertebrate population and community level effects in outdoor microcosms: Use of in situ bioassays and multivariate analysis, Environ Toxicol Chem, 15, 508
Ter Braak CJF, 1992, Multidimensional scaling and regression, Stat Appl, 4, 577
Johnson ML, 1994, Aquatic Mesocosm Studies in Ecological Risk Assessment, 129
Van Buuren S, 1992, Analyzing time‐intensity responses in sensory evaluation, Food Technol, 46, 101
Ter BraakCJF.1990.Update notes: CANOCO Ver 3.10. Technical Report. DLO‐Agricultural Mathematics Group Wageningen The Netherlands.