Tỷ Lệ Hành Vi Thách Thức ở Người Lớn Có Khuyết Tật Trí Tuệ, Các Tương Quan và Mối Liên Hệ với Sức Khỏe Tâm Thần

• Jones S, Cooper S-A, Smiley E, Allen L, Williamson A, Morrison J. Prevalence of, and factors associated with, problem behaviors in adults with intellectual disabilities. J Nerv Ment Dis. 2008;196:678–86. https://doi.org/10.1097/NMD.0b013e318183f85cThis study investigated prevalence and correlates of CB in a population sample of adults with ID. Lundqvist L. Prevalence and risk markers of behaviour problems among adults with intellectual disabilities: a total population study in Orebro County. Sweden Res Dev Disabil. 2013;34:1346–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2013.01.010. •• Bowring DL, Totsika V, Hastings RP, Toogood S, Griffiths GM. Challenging behaviours in adults with an intellectual disability: a total population study and exploration of risk indices. Br J Clin Psychol. 2017;56:16–32. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjc.12118This is one of the first studies to consider how risk factors for CB might act together. Cooper S-A, Smiley E, Morrison J, Williamson A, Allan L. Mental ill-health in adults with intellectual disabilities: prevalence and associated factors. Brit J Psychiatry. 2007;190:27–35. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.106.022483. • Hemmings C, Deb S, Chaplin E, Hardy S, Mukherjee R. Review of research for people with ID and mental health problems: a view from the United Kingdom. J Ment Health Res Intellect Disabil. 2013;6(2):127–58. https://doi.org/10.1080/19315864.2012.708100This study provides a helpful account of research into MH problems and treatment in the UK for people with ID. Emerson E, Kiernan C, Alborz A, Reeves D, Mason H, Swarbrick R, et al. The prevalence of challenging behaviors: a total population study. Res Dev Disabil. 2001;22:77–93. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0891-4222(00)00061-5. Cooper S-A, Smiley E, Jackson A, Finlayson J, Mantry D, Morrison J. Adults with intellectual disabilities: prevalence, incidence and remission of aggressive behaviour and related factors. 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Int J Posit Behav Support. 2013;3:5–13 This paper proposes a causal framework for understanding CB, which we have revised in the current article. Bouras N, Drummond C. Behaviour and psychiatric disorders of people with mental handicaps living in the community. J Intellect Disabil Res. 2008;36:349–57. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2788.1992.tb00533.x. Poppes P, van der Putten AJJ, Vlaskamp C. Frequency and severity of challenging behaviour in people with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities. Res Dev Disabil. 2010;31:1269–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2010.07.017. Kiernan C, Moss S. Behaviour disorders and other characteristics of the population of a mental handicap hospital. Ment Handicap Res. 1990;3:3–20. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-3148.1990.tb00077.x. Kiernan C, Qureshi H. Challenging Behaviour. In: Kiernan C, editor. Research to Practice? Implications of research on the challenging behaviour of people with learning disability. 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Mental illness, challenging behaviour, and psychotropic drug prescribing in people with intellectual disability: UK population based cohort study. Br Med J. 2015;351:4326. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.h4326This study explores prescribing in a large sample of over 33,000 adults with ID in the UK. Crocker AG, Mercier C, Lachapelle Y, Brunet A, Morin D, Roy ME. Prevalence and types of aggressive behaviour among adults with intellectual disabilities. J Intellect Disabil Res. 2006;50:652–61. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2788.2006.00815.x. McClintock K, Hall S, Oliver C. Risk markers associated with challenging behaviours in people with developmental disabilities: a meta-analytic study. J Intellect Disabil Res. 2003;47:405–16. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2788.2003.00517.x. Rojahn J, Rowe EW, Sharber AC, Hastings R, Matson JL, Didden R, et al. 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How effective are risk assessments/measures for predicting future aggressive behaviour in adults with intellectual disabilities (ID): a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Psychol Rev. 2017:76–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2017.10.001. Davies LE, Oliver C. Self-injury, aggression and destruction in children with severe intellectual disability: incidence, persistence and novel, predictive behavioural risk markers. Res Dev Disabil. 2016:291–301. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2015.12.003. Rutter M. Protective factors in children’s responses to stress and disadvantage. In: Kent MW, Rolf JE, editors. Primary prevention in psychopathology. Vol. 8: Social competence in children. Hanover: University Press of New England; 1979. p. 49–74. Painter J, Hastings R, Ingham B, Trevithick L, Roy A. Correlates for the risk of specialist ID hospital admission for people with intellectual disabilities: development of the LDNAT inpatient index. 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Outcomes from a community-based positive behavioural support team for children and adults with developmental disabilities. J Appl Res Intellect Disabil. 2019:1–11. https://doi.org/10.1111/jar.12660One of the largest real world evaluations of a specialised PBS service working across the lifespan. Pruijssers AC, van Meijel B, Maaskant M, Nijssen W, van Achterberg T. The relationship between challenging behaviour and anxiety in adults with intellectual disabilities: a literature review. J Intellect Disabil Res. 2014;58:162–71. https://doi.org/10.1111/jir.12012. Melville C, Johnson P, Smiley E, Simpson N, Purves D, McConnachie A, et al. Problem behaviours and symptom dimensions of psychiatric disorders in adults with intellectual disabilities: an exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Res Dev Disabil. 2016;55:1–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2016.03.007. Myrbakk E, von Tetzchner S. Psychiatric disorders and behavior problems in people with intellectual disability. 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Challenging behavior and co-morbid psychopathology in adults with intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorders. Res Dev Disabil. 2010;31(2):362–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2009.10.009. Sappok T, Budczies J, Dziobek I, Bolte S, Dosen A, Diefenbacher A. The missing link: delayed emotional development predicts challenging behavior in adults with intellectual disability. J Autism Dev Disord. 2014;44(4):786–800. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-013-1933-5. Felce D, Kerr M, Hastings RP. A general practice-based study of the relationship between indicators of mental illness and challenging behaviour among adults with intellectual disabilities. J Intellect Disabil Res. 2009;53(3):243–54. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2788.2008.01131.x. Painter J, Hastings R, Ingham B, Trevithick L, Roy A. Associations between mental health problems and challenging behavior in adults with intellectual disabilities: a test of the behavioral equivalents hypothesis. 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Profiles and correlates of aggressive behaviour among adults with intellectual disabilities. J Intellect Disabil Res. 2007;51(10):786–801. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2788.2007.00953.x. Painter J, Hastings R, Ingham B, Trevithick L, Roy A. Identifying needs-based groupings among people accessing intellectual disability services. Am J Intellect Dev Disabil. 2018;123(5):426–42. https://doi.org/10.1352/1944-7558-123.5.426. Bertelli MO, Rossi M, Scuticchio D, Bianco A. Diagnosing psychiatric disorders in people with intellectual disabilities: issues and achievements. Adv Ment Health Intellect Disabil. 2015;9(5):230–42. https://doi.org/10.1108/AMHID-05-2015-0023. Holden B, Gitlesen JP. The overlap between psychiatric symptoms and challenging behaviour: a preliminary study. Res Dev Disabil. 2009;30(2):210–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2008.03.003. • Thakker Y, Bamidele K, Ali A, Hassiotis A. Mental health and challenging behaviour: an overview of research and practice. Adv Ment Health Intellect Disabil. 2012;6:249–58. https://doi.org/10.1108/20441281211261131This study offers a good overview of research into CB, associations with MH problems, and considers treatment options. Totsika V, Felce D, Kerr M, Hastings RP. Behavior problems, psychiatric symptoms, and quality of life for older adults with intellectual disability with and without autism. J Autism Dev Disord. 2010;40(10):1171–8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-010-0975-1. Hayes S, McGuire B, O’Neill M, Oliver C, Morrison T. Low mood and challenging behaviour in people with severe and profound intellectual disabilities. J Intellect Disabil Res. 2011;55(2):182–9. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2788.2010.01355.x. Emerson E. Challenging behaviour: analysis and interventions in people with learning difficulties. 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge Unbiversity Press; 2001. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511543739. Henderson A, Kinnear D, Morrison J, Allen L, Cooper SA. Psychotropic drug prescribing in a cohort of adults with intellectual disabilities in Scotland. Presented at the Seattle Club Conference, Cardiff, December 11th, 2015. Bowring DL, Totsika V, Hastings RP, Toogood S, McMahon M. Prevalence of psychotropic medication use and association with challenging behaviour in adults with an intellectual disability. A total population study. J Intellect Disabil Res. 2017;61:604–17. https://doi.org/10.1111/jir.12359. Fleming I, Caine A, Ahmed S, Smith S. Aspects of the use of psychoactive medication among people with intellectual disabilities who have been resettled from long-stay hospitals into dispersed housing. J Appl Res Intellect. 1996;9:194–205. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-3148.1996.tb00109.x. Holden B, Gitlesen JP. Prevalence of psychiatric symptoms in adults with mental retardation and challenging behaviour. Res Dev Disabil. 2003;24:323–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0891-4222(03)00060-x. Aman MG, Ramadan Y. Pharmacotherapy. 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Mediators, moderators, and independent, overlapping, and proxy risk factors. Am J Psychiatry. 2001;158:848–56. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.158.6.848. NICE Guidelines. Challenging behaviour and learning disabilities: prevention and interventions for people with learning disabilities whose behaviour challenges. NG 11, 2015.