Preparation of highly photoluminescent carbon dots from polyurethane: Optimization using response surface methodology and selective detection of silver (I) ion

Namdari, 2017, Synthesis, properties and biomedical applications of carbon-based quantum dots: an updated review, Biomed. Pharmacother., 87, 209, 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.12.108 Zhang, 2016, Carbon dots: large-scale synthesis, sensing and bioimaging, Mater. Today, 19, 382, 10.1016/j.mattod.2015.11.008 Ertek, 2016, Photoamperometric flow injection analysis of glucose based on dehydrogenase modified quantum dots-carbon nanotube nanocomposite electrode, Bioelectrochemistry, 112, 138, 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2016.02.008 Ke, 2017, Upconversion carbon quantum dots as visible light responsive component for efficient enhancement of photocatalytic performance, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 496, 425, 10.1016/j.jcis.2017.01.121 Rong, 2017, One-pot solid phase pyrolysis synthesis of nitrogen-doped carbon dots for Fe 3+ sensing and bioimaging, Sens. Actuators B Chem., 245, 868, 10.1016/j.snb.2017.02.014 Thongsai, 2017, Multifunctional nitrogen-doped carbon dots from maleic anhydride and tetraethylenepentamine via pyrolysis for sensing, adsorbance, and imaging applications, Sens. Actuators B Chem., 253, 1026, 10.1016/j.snb.2017.07.051 Bai, 2018, Dual-channel fluorescence detection of mercuric (II) and glutathione by down- and up-conversion fluorescence carbon dots, Spectrochim. Acta A. Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc., 205, 29, 10.1016/j.saa.2018.07.012 Han, 2015, Application of cow milk-derived carbon dots/Ag NPs composite as the antibacterial agent, Appl. Surf. Sci., 328, 368, 10.1016/j.apsusc.2014.12.074 Li, 2017, A fluorescence probe based on the nitrogen-doped carbon dots prepared from orange juice for detecting Hg2+ in water, J. Lumin., 187, 274, 10.1016/j.jlumin.2017.03.023 Liang, 2013, Easy synthesis of highly fluorescent carbon quantum dots from gelatin and their luminescent properties and applications, Carbon, 60, 421, 10.1016/j.carbon.2013.04.055 Peggy Zhen Zhen Ngu, 2016, Synthesis of carbon nanoparticles from waste rice husk used for the optical sensing of metal ions, New Carbon Mater., 31, 135, 10.1016/S1872-5805(16)60008-2 Cayuela, 2016, Fluorescent carbon quantum dot hydrogels for direct determination of silver ions, Talanta, 151, 100, 10.1016/j.talanta.2016.01.029 Zhou, 2012, Facile synthesis of fluorescent carbon dots using watermelon peel as a carbon source, Mater. Lett., 66, 222, 10.1016/j.matlet.2011.08.081 Lu, 2012, Economical, green synthesis of fluorescent carbon nanoparticles and their use as probes for sensitive and selective detection of mercury(II) ions, Anal. Chem., 84, 5351, 10.1021/ac3007939 Tao, 2017, The polymeric characteristics and photoluminescence mechanism in polymer carbon dots: a review, Mater. Today Chem., 6, 13, 10.1016/j.mtchem.2017.09.001 Huang, 2014, Solid protonic acids and luminescent carbon dots derived from waste expanded polystyrene, Mater. Lett., 117, 112, 10.1016/j.matlet.2013.11.104 Tao, 2017, A new type of polymer carbon dots with high quantum yield: from synthesis to investigation on fluorescence mechanism, Polymer, 116, 472, 10.1016/j.polymer.2017.02.039 Aji, 2018, Polymer carbon dots from plastics waste upcycling, Environ. Nanotechnol. Monit. Manage., 9, 136 Calvo-Correas, 2017, Thermoplastic polyurethanes with glycolysate intermediates from polyurethane waste recycling, Polym. Degrad. Stab., 144, 411, 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2017.09.001 Simón, 2014, Glycolysis of flexible polyurethane wastes containing polymeric polyols, Polym. Degrad. Stab., 109, 115, 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2014.07.009 Cregut, 2013, New insights into polyurethane biodegradation and realistic prospects for the development of a sustainable waste recycling process, Biotechnol. Adv., 31, 1634, 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2013.08.011 Terakado, 2014, Pyrolysis treatment of waste polyurethane foam in the presence of metallic compounds, J. Anal. Appl. Pyrol., 108, 130, 10.1016/j.jaap.2014.05.008 Datta, 2017, Recycling of polyurethanes, Polyurethane Polym., 323, 10.1016/B978-0-12-804039-3.00014-2 Yang, 2012, Recycling and disposal methods for polyurethane foam wastes, Procedia Environ. Sci., 16, 167, 10.1016/j.proenv.2012.10.023 Kang, 2016, A study on environmental assessment of residue from gasification of polyurethane waste in E-waste recycling process, Procedia Environ. Sci., 35, 639, 10.1016/j.proenv.2016.07.056 Tan, 2014, Carbon dots production via pyrolysis of sago waste as potential probe for metal ions sensing, J. Anal. Appl. Pyrol., 105, 157, 10.1016/j.jaap.2013.11.001 Reghunadhan, 2017, Polyurethanes, Polyurethane Polym., 1 Wang, 2017, One-step synthesis of self-doped carbon dots with highly photoluminescence as multifunctional biosensors for detection of iron ions and pH, Sens. Actuators B Chem., 241, 73, 10.1016/j.snb.2016.10.043 Choi, 2017, Microwave-assisted synthesis of luminescent and biocompatible lysine-based carbon quantum dots, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 47, 329, 10.1016/j.jiec.2016.12.002 Barati, 2015, Synthesis of biocompatible and highly photoluminescent nitrogen doped carbon dots from lime: analytical applications and optimization using response surface methodology, Mater. Sci. Eng. C, 47, 325, 10.1016/j.msec.2014.11.035 Ferreira, 2007, Box-Behnken design: an alternative for the optimization of analytical methods, Anal. Chim. Acta, 597, 179, 10.1016/j.aca.2007.07.011 Nemati, 2018, Fluorescent turn on sensing of Caffeine in food sample based on sulfur-doped carbon quantum dots and optimization of process parameters through response surface methodology, Sens. Actuators B Chem., 273, 25, 10.1016/j.snb.2018.05.163 Pirsaheb, 2018, Application of carbon dots as efficient catalyst for the green oxidation of phenol: kinetic study of the degradation and optimization using response surface methodology, J. Hazard. Mater., 353, 444, 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.04.038 Shariati-Rad, 2018, Application of response surface methodology and green carbon dots as reducing agents in speciation of iron, RSC Adv., 8, 2173, 10.1039/C7RA12139C Karakoçak, 2018, Optimizing the synthesis of red-emissive nitrogen-doped carbon dots for use in bioimaging, ACS Appl. Nano Mater., 1, 3682, 10.1021/acsanm.8b00799 Liao, 2018, N-doped carbon quantum dot-based "off-on" fluorescent sensor for silver ion and cysteine, Talanta, 180, 300, 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.12.040 Pacquiao, 2018, Highly fluorescent carbon dots from enokitake mushroom as multi-faceted optical nanomaterials for Cr6+and VOC detection and imaging applications, Appl. Surf. Sci., 453, 192, 10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.04.199 Moonrinta, 2018, Highly biocompatible yogurt-derived carbon dots as multipurpose sensors for detection of formic acid vapor and metal ions, Opt. Mater., 81, 93, 10.1016/j.optmat.2018.05.021 Kharangarh, 2018, Investigation of sulfur related defects in graphene quantum dots for tuning photoluminescence and high quantum yield, Appl. Surf. Sci., 449, 363, 10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.01.026 Genuino, 2018, Improving the surface properties of municipal solid waste-derived pyrolysis biochar by chemical and thermal activation: optimization of process parameters and environmental application, Waste Manag., 72, 255, 10.1016/j.wasman.2017.11.038 Mondal, 2018, Nitrogen, sulphur co-doped graphene quantum dot: an excellent sensor for nitroexplosives, Sens. Actuators B Chem., 257, 586, 10.1016/j.snb.2017.11.012 Barati, 2016, Carbon dots with strong excitation-dependent fluorescence changes toward pH. Application as nanosensors for a broad range of pH, Anal. Chim. Acta, 931, 25, 10.1016/j.aca.2016.05.011 Xu, 2017, Fluorescent nitrogen and sulfur co-doped carbon dots from casein and their applications for sensitive detection of Hg2+ and biothiols and cellular imaging, Anal. Chim. Acta, 964, 150, 10.1016/j.aca.2017.01.037 Li, 2015, Nitrogen and sulfur co-doped carbon dots for highly selective and sensitive detection of Hg (II) ions, Biosens. Bioelectron., 74, 263, 10.1016/j.bios.2015.06.050 Liu, 2018, Green anhydrous synthesis of hydrophilic carbon dots on large-scale and their application for broad fluorescent pH sensing, Sens. Actuators B Chem., 255, 572, 10.1016/j.snb.2017.08.101 Gao, 2017, Rational design of high quality citric acid-derived carbon dots by selecting efficient chemical structure motifs, Carbon, 112, 131, 10.1016/j.carbon.2016.10.089 Yang, 2018, Fluorescent carbon dots synthesized by microwave-assisted pyrolysis for chromium(VI) and ascorbic acid sensing and logic gate operation, Spectrochim. Acta A. Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc., 205, 12, 10.1016/j.saa.2018.07.015 Kalytchuk, 2017, Carbon dot nanothermometry: intracellular photoluminescence lifetime thermal sensing, ACS Nano, 11, 1432, 10.1021/acsnano.6b06670 Liu, 2017, Carbon-dot-based ratiometric fluorescent pH sensor for the detections of very weak acids assisted by auxiliary reagents that contribute to the release of protons, Sens. Actuators B Chem., 244, 441, 10.1016/j.snb.2017.01.009 Han, 2016, Highly fluorescent carbon dots as selective and sensitive “on-off-on” probes for iron(III) ion and apoferritin detection and imaging in living cells, Biosens. Bioelectron., 83, 229, 10.1016/j.bios.2016.04.066 Arumugam, 2018, Synthesis of carbon quantum dots from Broccoli and their ability to detect silver ions, Mater. Lett., 219, 37, 10.1016/j.matlet.2018.02.043 Borse, 2017, N-doped multi-fluorescent carbon dots for ‘turn off-on’ silver-biothiol dual sensing and mammalian cell imaging application, Sens. Actuators B Chem., 248, 481, 10.1016/j.snb.2017.03.158 Algarra, 2014, Luminescent carbon nanoparticles: effects of chemical functionalization, and evaluation of Ag+ sensing properties, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2, 8342, 10.1039/c4ta00264d Li, 2011, Sensitive and selective detection of silver(I) ion in aqueous solution using carbon nanoparticles as a cheap, effective fluorescent sensing platform, Langmuir, 27, 4305, 10.1021/la200052t Li, 2011, Highly sensitive and selective detection of silver(i) ion using nano-C60 as an effective fluorescent sensing platform, Analyst, 136, 2040, 10.1039/c1an15050b Yang, 2015, Synthesis of nitrogen-doped carbon nanostructures from polyurethane sponge for bioimaging and catalysis, Nanoscale, 7, 12284, 10.1039/C5NR03481G Ayaz Ahmed, 2016, A facile method to prepare fluorescent carbon dots and their application in selective colorimetric sensing of silver ion through the formation of silver nanoparticles, J. Lumin., 177, 228, 10.1016/j.jlumin.2016.04.053