Nội dung được dịch bởi AI, chỉ mang tính chất tham khảo
Những yếu tố dự đoán việc sử dụng dịch vụ chăm sóc sức khỏe mẹ ở khu vực Tây Phi: Phân tích hồi quy đa cấp đa biến từ báo cáo khảo sát sức khỏe dân số
Tóm tắt
Các nghiên cứu cho thấy việc tiếp cận ba dịch vụ chăm sóc sức khỏe mẹ cơ bản (Chăm sóc tiền sản, Dịch vụ sinh nở có chuyên môn và Chăm sóc sau sinh) liên tục có thể ngăn ngừa 71% ca tử vong mẹ trên toàn cầu. Mặc dù khu vực Tây Phi nổi tiếng với tỷ lệ tử vong mẹ cao và khả năng tiếp cận dịch vụ chăm sóc sức khỏe mẹ nghèo nàn, nhưng vẫn thiếu các nghiên cứu đi sâu vào phổ của việc tiếp nhận dịch vụ chăm sóc sức khỏe mẹ. Do đó, nghiên cứu này nhằm đánh giá mức độ và những yếu tố dự đoán việc sử dụng dịch vụ chăm sóc sức khỏe một cách từng phần và đầy đủ trong một mô hình phân tích đơn, sử dụng dữ liệu Khảo sát Dân số và Sức khỏe (DHS) mới nhất (2013–2021). Nghiên cứu này dựa trên tệp thông tin phụ nữ (IR) của mười hai quốc gia Tây Phi. Phần mềm STATA phiên bản 16 đã được sử dụng để phân tích một mẫu có trọng số gồm 89.504 phụ nữ trong độ tuổi từ 15–49. Một chỉ số tổng hợp về việc sử dụng dịch vụ chăm sóc sức khỏe mẹ đã được tạo ra bằng cách kết hợp ba dịch vụ sức khỏe chính và phân loại chúng thành ‘không’, ‘một phần’, hoặc ‘đầy đủ’ sử dụng. Phân tích hồi quy logistic đa biến đa cấp đã được thực hiện để xem xét ảnh hưởng của từng yếu tố dự đoán lên mức độ sử dụng dịch vụ. Mức độ liên kết được báo cáo bằng tỷ lệ rủi ro tương đối đã điều chỉnh (aRRR) với khoảng tin cậy 95% tương ứng, và ý nghĩa thống kê được tuyên bố với p < 0.05. 66.4% (95% CI: 64.9, 67.7) và 23.8% (95% CI: 23.3, 24.2) phụ nữ đã sử dụng dịch vụ chăm sóc sức khỏe mẹ từng phần và đầy đủ, tương ứng. Togo có tỷ lệ phụ nữ được chăm sóc sức khỏe đầy đủ cao nhất trong khu vực, đạt 56.7%, trong khi Nigeria có tỷ lệ thấp nhất, chỉ 11%. Trình độ học vấn của mẹ, nơi ở, chỉ số thu nhập, số lần sinh, tiếp xúc với truyền thông (đài phát thanh và truyền hình), tham gia vào các chương trình bảo hiểm y tế, thái độ đối với việc đánh đập vợ và quyền tự quyết trong quyết định được xác định là những yếu tố dự đoán quan trọng của việc tiếp nhận dịch vụ chăm sóc sức khỏe mẹ từng phần và đầy đủ. Việc tiếp cận dịch vụ chăm sóc sức khỏe mẹ đầy đủ trong khu vực được phát hiện là thấp. Các bên liên quan nên lập kế hoạch và triển khai các can thiệp nhằm tăng cường quyền tự quyết của phụ nữ. Các nhà lập chương trình và nhà cung cấp dịch vụ chăm sóc sức khỏe nên chú trọng đến những phụ nữ không có giáo dục chính thức và từ các gia đình thu nhập thấp. Chính phủ và lĩnh vực tư nhân cần hợp tác với nhau để cải thiện khả năng tiếp cận truyền thông và tăng cường tỷ lệ tham gia vào các chương trình bảo hiểm y tế công cộng.
Từ khóa
#chăm sóc sức khỏe mẹ #Tây Phi #phân tích hồi quy logistic #khảo sát dân số #dịch vụ y tếTài liệu tham khảo
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