Vi sinh vật dự đoán: Sử dụng để đánh giá chất lượng và an toàn của sản phẩm sữa

Michael T. Rowe1,2
1Department of Agriculture for Northern Ireland, Belfast, UK
2Department of Food Microbiology, The Queen's University of Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK

Tóm tắt

Các mô hình tăng trưởng dự đoán có thể được sử dụng để dự đoán thời gian sử dụng của sản phẩm tại bất kỳ thời điểm nào từ quá trình chế biến đến khi mua hàng và để hỗ trợ các nhà sản xuất xây dựng các chiến lược bảo quản phù hợp nhằm ức chế sự phát triển của các sinh vật gây hư hỏng và bệnh tật đến một mức độ chấp nhận được. Một số mô hình hư hỏng cho sữa tươi và sữa tiệt trùng cũng như phô mai tươi được trình bày. Trong hầu hết các sản phẩm sữa lên men, hoạt động chuyển hóa mạnh mẽ của các văn hóa khởi đầu ngăn chặn sự phát triển của các mầm bệnh, điều này hạn chế giá trị của các mô hình dự đoán. Tuy nhiên, việc mô hình hóa này có ứng dụng, đặc biệt liên quan đến sự lạm dụng nhiệt độ, trong các sản phẩm như sữa tiệt trùng và kem, nơi mà 'tính tự nhiên' được cảm nhận của sản phẩm ngăn cản việc sử dụng chất bảo quản hóa học. Hai mô hình mô tả sự phát triển của Listeria monocytogenes được trình bày. Cần phải nhớ rằng không chỉ đơn thuần là quan sát rằng một mô hình dường như có hiệu quả: điều quan trọng là phải biết tại sao nó có hiệu quả, điều này nhấn mạnh sự cần thiết của việc có các nghiên cứu cơ bản tiếp tục về sinh lý học của vi sinh vật để hỗ trợ các khía cạnh ứng dụng hơn của nghiên cứu mô hình.

Từ khóa

#mô hình tăng trưởng dự đoán #sản phẩm sữa #an toàn thực phẩm #Listeria monocytogenes

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