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Dự đoán Hành vi Tự Làm Tổn Thương Không Liên Quan Đến Tự sát ở Người Trẻ có và không có Rối Loạn Nhân Cách Biên Giới: Một Phương Pháp Đa Cấp Kết Hợp Đánh Giá Tình Huống Sinh Thái và Các Biện Pháp Tự Báo Cáo
Tóm tắt
Hành vi tự làm tổn thương không liên quan đến tự sát (NSSI) là một hiện tượng ngày càng phổ biến liên quan đến nhiều hậu quả tiêu cực, từ hiệu suất học tập kém đến những cơn tự sát. Nghiên cứu về hành vi tự làm tổn thương đã xác định sự khó khăn trong việc điều tiết cảm xúc, cảm xúc tiêu cực và hiện tượng rối loạn nhân cách biên giới là những yếu tố nguy cơ mạnh mẽ của NSSI, trong khi đó, các tác động bảo vệ tiềm năng của các kỹ năng siêu nhận thức như khả năng tách rời chưa được khám phá. Nghiên cứu hiện tại kết hợp đánh giá tình huống sinh thái (EMA) và các biện pháp tự báo cáo để khám phá những yếu tố nguy cơ và bảo vệ tiềm năng của NSSI trong một nhóm lâm sàng gồm các bệnh nhân Rối Loạn Nhân Cách Biên Giới (BPD) có NSSI (N = 22), một nhóm không lâm sàng gồm sinh viên đại học có NSSI (N = 19), và một nhóm kiểm soát sức khỏe không lâm sàng (N = 23). Người tham gia hoàn thành các biện pháp tự báo cáo về hiện tượng rối loạn nhân cách biên giới, khó khăn trong điều tiết cảm xúc, khả năng tách rời, và các triệu chứng cảm xúc tiêu cực, và họ đã sử dụng ứng dụng Sinjur (công cụ EMA) ít nhất ba lần mỗi ngày trong 15 ngày để ghi lại cảm xúc tiêu cực và NSSI trong cuộc sống hàng ngày. Phân tích hồi quy hỗn hợp đa cấp với cả biện pháp tự báo cáo và EMA được thực hiện để xác định các yếu tố dự đoán NSSI. Phân tích đa cấp cho thấy chỉ có sự thất vọng tạm thời trực tiếp dự đoán NSSI. Lòng ân hận và cơn tức giận tạm thời chỉ dự đoán NSSI khi tương tác với các đặc điểm ổn định hơn của hiện tượng rối loạn nhân cách biên giới và triệu chứng cảm xúc tiêu cực. Quan trọng nhất, khả năng tách rời lớn hơn đã bảo vệ chống lại hành vi tự làm tổn thương và làm giảm mối liên hệ giữa nỗi buồn tức thời và NSSI. Các phát hiện của nghiên cứu đóng góp kiến thức mới về NSSI, ghi nhận các tác động bảo vệ của khả năng tách rời và làm nổi bật lợi ích của các can thiệp nhắm đến kỹ năng điều tiết cảm xúc siêu nhận thức.
Từ khóa
#Hành vi tự làm tổn thương không liên quan đến tự sát #Rối loạn nhân cách biên giới #Kỹ năng siêu nhận thức #Đánh giá tình huống sinh thái #Cảm xúc tiêu cựcTài liệu tham khảo
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