Công nghệ tiêm thân cây chính xác để điều trị cây cam bị ảnh hưởng bởi bệnh huanglongbing (HLB)—một bài tổng quan

Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - Tập 129 - Trang 15-34 - 2021
Meng Li1,2,3, Ziyan Nangong4
1College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
2Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Southwest Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Immokalee, USA
3Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Center for Applied Optimization, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
4College of Plant Protection, HeBei Agricultural University, Baoding, China

Tóm tắt

Sự bùng phát và lây lan của bệnh huanglongbing (HLB) đã mang lại những tác động tiêu cực và thiệt hại kinh tế khổng lồ đối với sản xuất cây ăn trái trên toàn thế giới. Các nhà khoa học đã thực hiện nhiều phương pháp phòng ngừa và điều trị khác nhau bao gồm cải thiện gen, xử lý cây giống, kiểm soát hóa học, kiểm soát vật lý và kiểm soát sinh học để kiểm soát tác hại của huanglongbing. So với các phương pháp khác, công nghệ tiêm thân cây là một phương pháp điều trị đầy hứa hẹn, chính xác và thân thiện với môi trường, đã đạt được hiệu quả giá trị nhờ việc sử dụng các thiết bị tiêm khác nhau. Trong bài báo này, các yếu tố quan trọng ảnh hưởng đến hiệu quả của việc thực hiện tiêm thân cây được xem xét từ nhiều khía cạnh bao gồm sinh học, hóa học, sinh thái và kỹ thuật. Các nhà nghiên cứu kết luận rằng kết quả nghiên cứu về việc cung cấp thuốc trừ sâu lỏng hoặc kháng sinh để điều trị các bệnh cây khác nhau và quản lý sâu bệnh xâm lấn bằng tiêm thân cây đã thể hiện rõ rệt. Hơn nữa, các nghiên cứu và xu hướng công nghệ bao gồm cơ chế tương tác của tiêm thân cây và các lý thuyết cơ bản, các chất hóa học có thể tiêm chuyên dụng phù hợp với các loài cây hoặc bệnh khác nhau, giảm thiểu và khắc phục tổn thương thân cây, phát triển thiết bị tiêm thân cây tự động hiệu suất cao, v.v. sẽ được trình bày và thảo luận ở cuối bài báo này. Các nhà nghiên cứu cần thực hiện nghiên cứu lý thuyết cơ bản và các cơ chế tương tác giữa hệ thống tiêm và đối tượng mục tiêu. Sự phát triển của các thiết bị tiêm tự động và chính xác hiệu suất cao và nền tảng quản lý sâu bệnh tích hợp với các chức năng phát hiện, phòng ngừa, điều trị, giám sát môi trường và các công nghệ chính của AI, hoạt động của gắp linh hoạt, cảm biến nông nghiệp, là những xu hướng đầy hứa hẹn trong nông nghiệp chính xác.

Từ khóa

#huanglongbing #HLB #tiêm thân cây #cây ăn trái #phòng ngừa cây trồng #kiểm soát sinh học #thuốc trừ sâu lỏng #cơ chế tương tác.

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