Tiền điều trị bằng axit salicylic cải thiện khả năng tái sinh cây sau khi bảo quản lạnh giống nho (Vitis spp.) bằng phương pháp vitrification giọt

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 38 - Trang 1-11 - 2015
Ranjith Pathirana1, Andrew McLachlan1, Duncan Hedderley1, Bart Panis2, Francesco Carimi3
1The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Palmerston North, New Zealand
2Bioversity International, Belgian Office at KU Leuven, Louvain, Belgium
3Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Bioscienze e BioRisorse, U.O.S. di Palermo, Palermo, Italy

Tóm tắt

Mặc dù có nhiều báo cáo về sự tái sinh của Vitis sau khi bảo quản lạnh, nhưng chưa có bộ sưu tập nào của giống gen Vitis được bảo quản lạnh. Một số kiểu gen Vitis được báo cáo là khó bảo quản lạnh. Vitrification giọt, phương pháp bảo quản lạnh đang nổi lên, chỉ được áp dụng một cách hạn chế trong Vitis. Trong nghiên cứu hiện tại, chúng tôi đã thử nghiệm độ độc hại của dung dịch vitrification thực vật ở cả chồi nách và chồi ngọn trong sáu mẫu Vitis khác nhau. Sau đó, phương pháp vitrification giọt được áp dụng sử dụng thời gian sống sót dự đoán 50% của chồi ngọn và chồi nách trong dung dịch vitrification sau khi điều trị trước cho các cây giống bằng axit salicylic, một chất được biết đến là có vai trò bảo vệ trong các phản ứng với stress phi sinh học. Kết quả cho thấy rằng chồi nách có khả năng chịu đựng dung dịch vitrification tốt hơn chồi ngọn và yêu cầu thời gian điều trị dài hơn. Việc điều trị trước bằng 0,1 mM axit salicylic dẫn đến sự bảo vệ cao đáng kể cho các chồi được bảo quản lạnh, nhưng việc khử nước liên tiếp chỉ trong sucrose thì tác dụng không đáng kể. Tiền điều trị với axit salicylic đã cho phép bảo quản lạnh thành công gốc ghép previously recalcitrant 41B, mặc dù với tỷ lệ tái sinh thấp. Đối với các kiểu gen khác, việc bảo quản lạnh 6-11 mẫu sẽ đủ để tái sinh ít nhất một cây với xác suất 95%. Đây là báo cáo đầu tiên về việc bảo quản lạnh thành công một tập hợp các kiểu gen Vitis đa dạng bằng phương pháp vitrification giọt, và chúng tôi cho thấy rằng tiền điều trị cho các cây giống với axit salicylic là yếu tố quan trọng cho sự thành công. Nghiên cứu này sẽ góp phần bảo tồn giống Vitis một cách hiệu quả về chi phí, tránh được những rủi ro liên quan đến việc thu thập trên cánh đồng.

Từ khóa

#Vitis #bảo quản lạnh #tái sinh thực vật #axit salicylic #vitrification giọt

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