Pre-dialysis Hyponatremia and Change in Serum Sodium Concentration During a Dialysis Session Are Significant Predictors of Mortality in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis

Berl, 2013, An elderly patient with chronic hyponatremia, Clin J Am Soc Nephrol, 8, 469, 10.2215/CJN.03100312 Hoorn, 2013, Hyponatremia and mortality: moving beyond associations, Am J Kidney Dis, 62, 139, 10.1053/j.ajkd.2012.09.019 Iseki, 1996, Impact of the initial levels of laboratory variables on survival in chronic dialysis patients, Am J Kidney Dis, 28, 541, 10.1016/S0272-6386(96)90465-5 Chiu, 2016, Association of serum sodium levels with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in chronic kidney disease: results from a prospective observational study, Nephrology (Carlton), 21, 476, 10.1111/nep.12634 Nigwekar, 2013, Hyponatremia, mineral metabolism, and mortality in incident maintenance hemodialysis patients: a cohort study, Am J Kidney Dis, 62, 755, 10.1053/j.ajkd.2013.02.367 Hecking, 2012, Predialysis serum sodium level, dialysate sodium, and mortality in maintenance hemodialysis patients: The Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (DOPPS), Am J Kidney Dis, 59, 238, 10.1053/j.ajkd.2011.07.013 Rhee, 2016, Pre-dialysis serum sodium and mortality in a national incident hemodialysis cohort, Nephrol Dial Transplant, 31, 992, 10.1093/ndt/gfv341 Ayus, 2012, Is chronic hyponatremia a novel risk factor for hip fracture in the elderly?, Nephrol Dial Transplant, 27, 3725, 10.1093/ndt/gfs412 Nair, 2007, Hyponatremia in community-acquired pneumonia, Am J Nephrol, 27, 184, 10.1159/000100866 Nakai, 2010, An overview of regular dialysis treatment in Japan (as of 31 December 2008), Ther Apher Dial, 14, 505, 10.1111/j.1744-9987.2010.00893.x Shinzato, 1994, Determination of Kt/V and protein catabolic rate using pre- and postdialysis blood urea nitrogen concentrations, Nephron, 67, 280, 10.1159/000187980 Gheorghiade, 2007, Relationship between admission serum sodium concentration and clinical outcomes in patients hospitalized for heart failure: An analysis from the OPTIMIZE-HF registry, Eur Heart J, 28, 980, 10.1093/eurheartj/ehl542 Hiki, 2018, Relationship between serum sodium level within the low-normal range on admission and long-term clinical outcomes in patients with acute decompensated heart failure, Int Heart J, 59, 1052, 10.1536/ihj.17-524 Kovesdy, 2012, Hyponatremia, hypernatremia, and mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease with and without congestive heart failure, Circulation, 125, 677, 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.065391 Mandai, 2013, Lower serum sodium level predicts higher risk of infection-related hospitalization in maintenance hemodialysis patients: an observational cohort study, BMC Nephrol, 14, 276, 10.1186/1471-2369-14-276 Roca, 2008, Presentation and outcome of tuberculous meningitis in adults in the province of Castellon, Spain: a retrospective study, Epidemiol Infect, 136, 1455, 10.1017/S0950268807000258 Shavit, 2014, Mild hyponatremia is associated with functional and cognitive decline in chronic hemodialysis patients, Clin Nephrol, 82, 313, 10.5414/CN108335 Xu, 2015, Article hyponatremia and cognitive impairment in patients treated with peritoneal dialysis, Clin J Am Soc Nephrol, 10, 1806, 10.2215/CJN.02240215 Ayus, 2016, Mild prolonged chronic hyponatremia and risk of hip fracture in the elderly, Nephrol Dial Transplant, 31, 1662, 10.1093/ndt/gfw029 Ye, 2019, Increased mortality associated with higher pre-dialysis serum sodium variability : results of the International MONitoring Dialysis Outcome Initiative, Am J Nephrol, 49, 1, 10.1159/000495354 Gankam Kengne, 2017, Hyponatremia and the brain, Kidney Int Rep, 3, 24, 10.1016/j.ekir.2017.08.015 Penne, 2010, Correction of serum sodium for glucose concentration in hemodialysis patients with poor glucose control, Diabetes Care, 33, e91, 10.2337/dc10-0557 Dekker, 2016, Unraveling the relationship between mortality, hyponatremia, inflammation and malnutrition in hemodialysis patients: results from the international MONDO initiative, Eur J Clin Nutr, 70, 779, 10.1038/ejcn.2016.49 Ponce, 2020, Evaluation of intradialytic sodium shifts during sodium controlled hemodialysis, Int J Artif Organs, 43, 620, 10.1177/0391398820903055 Kuhlmann, 2019, Zero diffusive sodium balance in hemodialysis provided by an algorithm-based electrolyte balancing controller: a proof of principle clinical study, Artif Organs, 43, 150, 10.1111/aor.13328 Ságová, 2019, Automated individualization of dialysate sodium concentration reduces intradialytic plasma sodium changes in hemodialysis, Artif Organs, 43, 1002, 10.1111/aor.13463