Post-transplantation diabetes—state of the art

Watson, 2012, Organ transplantation: historical perspective and current practice, Br J Anaesth, 108, i29, 10.1093/bja/aer384 Report Kotton, 2013, CMV: prevention, diagnosis and therapy, Am J Transplant, 13, 24, 10.1111/ajt.12006 Arner, 1983, Some characteristics of steroid diabetes: a study in renal-transplant recipients receiving high-dose corticosteroid therapy, Diabetes Care, 6, 23, 10.2337/diacare.6.1.23 Hjelmesaeth, 2005, New-onset posttransplantation diabetes mellitus: insulin resistance or insulinopenia? Impact of immunosuppressive drugs, cytomegalovirus and hepatitis C virus infection, Curr Diabetes Rev, 1, 1, 10.2174/1573399052952604 Davidson, 2003, New-onset diabetes after transplantation: 2003 International consensus guidelines. Proceedings of an international expert panel meeting. Barcelona, Spain, 19 February 2003, Transplantation, 75, SS3 Sarno, 2013, New-onset diabetes mellitus: predictive factors and impact on the outcome of patients undergoing liver transplantation, Curr Diabetes Rev, 9, 78, 10.2174/157339913804143234 Ye, 2010, Risk factors for development of new-onset diabetes mellitus in adult heart transplant recipients, Transplantation, 89, 1526, 10.1097/TP.0b013e3181dd6bd9 Hackman, 2014, Prevalence and predictors of diabetes after lung transplantation: a prospective, longitudinal study, Diabetes Care, 37, 2919, 10.2337/dc14-0663 Yates, 2012, New-onset diabetes after kidney transplantation-changes and challenges, Am J Transplant, 12, 820, 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2011.03855.x Chakkera, 2009, Hyperglycemia during the immediate period after kidney transplantation, Clin J Am Soc Nephrol, 4, 853, 10.2215/CJN.05471008 Hecking, 2012, Early basal insulin therapy decreases new-onset diabetes after renal transplantation, J Am Soc Nephrol, 23, 739, 10.1681/ASN.2011080835 Sharif, 2011, Meta-analysis of calcineurin-inhibitor-sparing regimens in kidney transplantation, J Am Soc Nephrol, 22, 2107, 10.1681/ASN.2010111160 Valderhaug, 2007, Reduced incidence of new-onset posttransplantation diabetes mellitus during the last decade, Transplantation, 84, 1125, 10.1097/01.tp.0000287191.45032.38 Hagen, 2003, A 6-year prospective study on new onset diabetes mellitus, insulin release and insulin sensitivity in renal transplant recipients, Nephrol Dial Transplant, 18, 2154, 10.1093/ndt/gfg338 Sharif, 2010, Risk factors for new-onset diabetes after kidney transplantation, Nat Rev Nephrol, 6, 415, 10.1038/nrneph.2010.66 Burroughs, 2007, Diabetic complications associated with new-onset diabetes mellitus in renal transplant recipients, Transplantation, 83, 1027, 10.1097/01.tp.0000259617.21741.95 Pilmore, 2010, Reduction in cardiovascular death after kidney transplantation, Transplantation, 89, 851, 10.1097/TP.0b013e3181caeead Sharif, 2012, Complications associated with new-onset diabetes after kidney transplantation, Nat Rev Nephrol, 8, 34, 10.1038/nrneph.2011.174 Gaynor, 2015, Single-centre study of 628 adult, primary kidney transplant recipients showing no unfavourable effect of new-onset diabetes after transplant, Diabetologia, 58, 334, 10.1007/s00125-014-3428-0 Hjelmesaeth, 2001, Insulin resistance after renal transplantation: impact of immunosuppressive and antihypertensive therapy, Diabetes Care, 24, 2121, 10.2337/diacare.24.12.2121 Zelle, 2013, Pancreatic β-cell dysfunction and risk of new-onset diabetes after kidney transplantation, Diabetes Care, 36, 1926, 10.2337/dc12-1894 Gebhardt, 2015, Risk factors of metabolic disorders after liver transplantation: an analysis of data from fasted patients, Transplantation, 99, 1243, 10.1097/TP.0000000000000499 Montero, 2015, Immunosuppression and post-transplant hyperglycemia, Curr Diabetes Rev, 11, 144, 10.2174/1573399811666150331160846 Augusto, 2014, Relation between pretransplant magnesemia and the risk of new onset diabetes after transplantation within the first year of kidney transplantation, Transplantation, 97, 1155, 10.1097/01.TP.0000440950.22133.a1 Hjelmesaeth, 2004, Asymptomatic cytomegalovirus infection is associated with increased risk of new-onset diabetes mellitus and impaired insulin release after renal transplantation, Diabetologia, 47, 1550, 10.1007/s00125-004-1499-z McCaughan, 2014, Genetics of new-onset diabetes after transplantation, J Am Soc Nephrol, 25, 1037, 10.1681/ASN.2013040383 Sharif, 2010, Metabolic syndrome and solid-organ transplantation, Am J Transplant, 10, 12, 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2009.02882.x Sharif, 2014, Proceedings from an international consensus meeting on posttransplantation diabetes mellitus: recommendations and future directions, Am J Transplant, 14, 1992, 10.1111/ajt.12850 Bergrem, 2010, Undiagnosed diabetes in kidney transplant candidates: a case-finding strategy, Clin J Am Soc Nephrol, 5, 616, 10.2215/CJN.07501009 Yates, 2015, Prediction and diagnosis of post transplant diabetes, Curr Diabetes Rev, 11, 170, 10.2174/1573399811999150316105553 Warren, 2003, The symptoms of hyperglycaemia in people with insulin-treated diabetes: classification using principal components analysis, Diabetes Metab Res Rev, 19, 408, 10.1002/dmrr.396 Yates, 2013, Screening for new-onset diabetes after kidney transplantation: limitations of fasting glucose and advantages of afternoon glucose and glycated hemoglobin, Transplantation, 96, 726, 10.1097/TP.0b013e3182a012f3 Eide, 2015, Limitations of hemoglobin A1c for the diagnosis of posttransplant diabetes mellitus, Transplantation, 99, 629, 10.1097/TP.0000000000000376 Valderhaug, 2009, Fasting plasma glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin in the screening for diabetes mellitus after renal transplantation, Transplantation, 88, 429, 10.1097/TP.0b013e3181af1f53 Yates, 2014, A practical limited sampling strategy to predict free prednisolone exposure and glycemia in kidney transplant recipients, Ther Drug Monit, 36, 18, 10.1097/FTD.0b013e31829daae4 Shabir, 2013, Validity of glycated haemoglobin to diagnose new onset diabetes after transplantation, Transpl Int, 26, 315, 10.1111/tri.12042 Balion, 2007, Reproducibility of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) classification: a systematic review, Clin Chem Lab Med, 45, 1180, 10.1515/CCLM.2007.505 Chakkera, 2013, Validation of a pretransplant risk score for new-onset diabetes after kidney transplantation, Diabetes Care, 36, 2881, 10.2337/dc13-0428 Seyda, 2015, Immunosenescence in renal transplantation: a changing balance of innate and adaptive immunity, Curr Opin Organ Transplant, 20, 417, 10.1097/MOT.0000000000000210 Johnson, 1993, Factors influencing weight gain after renal transplantation, Transplantation, 56, 822, 10.1097/00007890-199310000-00008 2009, KDIGO clinical practice guideline for the care of kidney transplant recipients, Am J Transplant, 9, S1 Sharif, 2008, Influence of lifestyle modification in renal transplant recipients with postprandial hyperglycemia, Transplantation, 85, 353, 10.1097/TP.0b013e3181605ebf Werzowa, 2013, Vildagliptin and pioglitazone in patients with impaired glucose tolerance after kidney transplantation: a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial, Transplantation, 95, 456, 10.1097/TP.0b013e318276a20e Merlotti, 2014, Prevention of type 2 diabetes; a systematic review and meta-analysis of different intervention strategies, Diabetes Obes Metab, 16, 719, 10.1111/dom.12270 Sharif, 2009, The effect of rosuvastatin on insulin sensitivity and pancreatic beta-cell function in nondiabetic renal transplant recipients, Am J Transplant, 9, 1439, 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2009.02644.x Sattar, 2010, Statins and risk of incident diabetes: a collaborative meta-analysis of randomised statin trials, Lancet, 375, 735, 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)61965-6 Humar, 2010, The efficacy and safety of 200 days valganciclovir cytomegalovirus prophylaxis in high-risk kidney transplant recipients, Am J Transplant, 10, 1228, 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2010.03074.x Kawaguchi, 2007, Clearance of HCV improves insulin resistance, beta-cell function, and hepatic expression of insulin receptor substrate 1 and 2, Am J Gastroenterol, 102, 570, 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2006.01038.x Milner, 2014, Eradicating hepatitis C virus ameliorates insulin resistance without change in adipose depots, J Viral Hepat, 21, 325, 10.1111/jvh.12143 Liang, 2013, Current and future therapies for hepatitis C virus infection, N Engl J Med, 368, 1907, 10.1056/NEJMra1213651 Bhalla, 2003, Recurrent and de novo diabetic nephropathy in renal allografts, Transplantation, 75, 66, 10.1097/00007890-200301150-00012 Cashion, 2013, Expression levels of obesity-related genes are associated with weight change in kidney transplant recipients, PLoS One, 8, e59962, 10.1371/journal.pone.0059962 Bloodworth, 2014, Food availability as a determinant of weight gain among renal transplant recipients, Res Nurs Health, 37, 253, 10.1002/nur.21599 Boerner, 2014, Efficacy and safety of sitagliptin for the treatment of new-onset diabetes after renal transplantation, Int J Endocrinol, 2014, 617638, 10.1155/2014/617638 Strøm Halden, 2014, Short-term efficacy and safety of sitagliptin treatment in long-term stable renal recipients with new-onset diabetes after transplantation, Nephrol Dial Transplant, 29, 926, 10.1093/ndt/gft536 Sanyal, 2013, A retrospective study evaluating efficacy and safety of linagliptin in treatment of NODAT (in renal transplant recipients) in a real world setting, Indian J Endocrinol Metab, 17, S203, 10.4103/2230-8210.119572 Türk, 2006, Repaglinide in the management of new-onset diabetes mellitus after renal transplantation, Am J Transplant, 6, 842, 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2006.01250.x Villanueva, 2005, Rosiglitazone therapy of posttransplant diabetes mellitus, Transplantation, 80, 1402, 10.1097/01.tp.0000181165.19788.95 Haidinger, 2014, Efficacy and safety of vildagliptin in new-onset diabetes after kidney transplantation—a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, Am J Transplant, 14, 115, 10.1111/ajt.12518 Pinelli, 2013, Coadministration of liraglutide with tacrolimus in kidney transplant recipients: a case series, Diabetes Care, 36, e171, 10.2337/dc13-1066 Raz, 2013, Guideline approach to therapy in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes, Diabetes Care, 36, S139, 10.2337/dcS13-2035 2015, (7) Approaches to glycemic treatment, Diabetes Care, 38, S41 Sharif, 2011, Should metformin be our antiglycemic agent of choice post-transplantation?, Am J Transplant, 11, 1376, 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2011.03550.x Stephen, 2014, Metformin use in kidney transplant recipients in the United States: an observational study, Am J Nephrol, 40, 546, 10.1159/000370034 Lalau, 2015, Metformin and other antidiabetic agents in renal failure patients, Kidney Int, 87, 308, 10.1038/ki.2014.19 Hung, 2015, Metformin use and mortality in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease: national, retrospective, observational, cohort study, Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol, 3, 605, 10.1016/S2213-8587(15)00123-0 Tahrani, 2013, SGLT inhibitors in management of diabetes, Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol, 1, 140, 10.1016/S2213-8587(13)70050-0 Zinman, 2015, Empagliflozin, cardiovascular outcomes, and mortality, in type 2 diabetes, N Engl J Med, 10.1056/NEJMoa1504720 Ekberg, 2007, Reduced exposure to calcineurin inhibitors in renal transplantation, N Engl J Med, 357, 2562, 10.1056/NEJMoa067411 Pirsch, 2015, New-onset diabetes after transplantation: results from a double-blind early corticosteroid withdrawal trial, Am J Transplant, 15, 1982, 10.1111/ajt.13247 Knight, 2010, Steroid avoidance or withdrawal after renal transplantation increases the risk of acute rejection but decreases cardiovascular risk. A meta-analysis, Transplantation, 89, 1, 10.1097/TP.0b013e3181c518cc Masson, 2014, Belatacept for kidney transplant recipients, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 11, 10.1002/14651858.CD010699.pub2 Jenssen, 2015, Emerging treatments for post-transplantation diabetes mellitus, Nat Rev Nephrol, 11, 465, 10.1038/nrneph.2015.59 Hesselink, 2014, The role of pharmacogenetics in the disposition of and response to tacrolimus in solid organ transplantation, Clin Pharmacokinet, 53, 123, 10.1007/s40262-013-0120-3 Staatz, 2010, Effect of CYP3A and ABCB1 single nucleotide polymorphisms on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of calcineurin inhibitors: part I, Clin Pharmacokinet, 49, 141, 10.2165/11317350-000000000-00000 Staatz, 2010, Effect of CYP3A and ABCB1 single nucleotide polymorphisms on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of calcineurin inhibitors: part II, Clin Pharmacokinet, 49, 207, 10.2165/11317550-000000000-00000 Chung, 2005, Rosiglitazone protects against cyclosporine-induced pancreatic and renal injury in rats, Am J Transplant, 5, 1856, 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2005.00979.x Helderman, 2002, Gastrointestinal complications of transplant immunosuppression, J Am Soc Nephrol, 13, 277, 10.1681/ASN.V131277 Pilmore, 2011, Cardiovascular disease medications after renal transplantation: results from the Patient Outcomes in Renal Transplantation study, Transplantation, 91, 542, 10.1097/TP.0b013e31820437bd Gaston, 2009, Use of cardioprotective medications in kidney transplant recipients, Am J Transplant, 9, 1811, 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2009.02696.x Stoumpos, 2015, Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality after kidney transplantation, Transpl Int, 28, 10, 10.1111/tri.12413 Israni, 2010, Predicting coronary heart disease after kidney transplantation: Patient Outcomes in Renal Transplantation (PORT) Study, Am J Transplant, 10, 338, 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2009.02949.x Delville, 2015, Prevalence and predictors of early cardiovascular events after kidney transplantation: evaluation of pre-transplant cardiovascular work-up, PLoS One, 10, e0131237, 10.1371/journal.pone.0131237 Kasiske, 2001, The evaluation of renal transplantation candidates: clinical practice guidelines, Am J Transplant, 1, 3 Lentine, 2012, Circulation, 126, 617, 10.1161/CIR.0b013e31823eb07a Jardine, 2011, Prevention of cardiovascular disease in adult recipients of kidney transplants, Lancet, 378, 1419, 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)61334-2 Corbett, 2012, Tobacco smoking and solid organ transplantation, Transplantation, 94, 979, 10.1097/TP.0b013e318263ad5b Pan, 2015, Relation of active, passive, and quitting smoking with incident type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis, Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol, 3, 958, 10.1016/S2213-8587(15)00316-2 Holdaas, 2003, Effect of fluvastatin on cardiac outcomes in renal transplant recipients: a multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled trial, Lancet, 361, 2024, 10.1016/S0140-6736(03)13638-0 Holdaas, 2005, Long-term cardiac outcomes in renal transplant recipients receiving fluvastatin: the ALERT extension study, Am J Transplant, 5, 2929, 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2005.01105.x Ponticelli, 2011, Hypertension in kidney transplant recipients, Transpl Int, 24, 523, 10.1111/j.1432-2277.2011.01242.x Heinze, 2006, Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist therapy is associated with prolonged patient and graft survival after renal transplantation, J Am Soc Nephrol, 17, 889, 10.1681/ASN.2005090955 Opelz, 2006, No improvement of patient or graft survival in transplant recipients treated with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers: a collaborative transplant study report, J Am Soc Nephrol, 17, 3257, 10.1681/ASN.2006050543 Knoll, 2015, Ramipril versus placebo in kidney transplant patients with proteinuria: a multicentre, double-blind, randomised controlled trial, Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol Philipp, 2010, Candesartan improves blood pressure control and reduces proteinuria in renal transplant recipients: results from SECRET, Nephrol Dial Transplant, 25, 967, 10.1093/ndt/gfp581 Ojo, 2003, Chronic renal failure after transplantation of a nonrenal organ, N Engl J Med, 349, 931, 10.1056/NEJMoa021744 Meier-Kriesche, 2003, Decreased renal function is a strong risk factor for cardiovascular death after renal transplantation, Transplantation, 75, 1291, 10.1097/01.TP.0000061602.03327.E2 Heinze, 2009, Mortality in renal transplant recipients given erythropoietins to increase haemoglobin concentration: cohort study, BMJ, 339, b4018, 10.1136/bmj.b4018 Bostom, 2011, Homocysteine-lowering and cardiovascular disease outcomes in kidney transplant recipients: primary results from the Folic Acid for Vascular Outcome Reduction in Transplantation trial, Circulation, 123, 1763, 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.000588