Possible application of trefoil factor family peptides in gastroesophageal reflux and Barrett’s esophagus

Vestergaard, 2010, Promoter hypomethylation and upregulation of trefoil factors in prostate cancer, Int. J. Cancer, 127, 1857, 10.1002/ijc.25209 Baus-Loncar, 2005, Multiple regulatory pathways for trefoil factor (TFF) genes, Cell. Mol. Life Sci., 62, 2921, 10.1007/s00018-005-5480-x Longman, 2000, Coordinated localisation of mucins and trefoil peptides in the ulcer associated cell lineage and the gastrointestinal mucosa, Gut, 47, 792, 10.1136/gut.47.6.792 Jørgensen, 1982, Pancreatic Spasmolytic Polypeptide (PSP): I. Preparation and initial chemical characterization of a new polypeptide from porcine pancreas, Regul. Pept., 3, 207, 10.1016/0167-0115(82)90126-4 Masiakowski, 1982, Cloning of cDNA sequences of hormone-regulated genes from the MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line, Nucleic Acids Res., 10, 7895, 10.1093/nar/10.24.7895 Hauser, 1993, hP1.B, a human P-domain peptide homologous with rat intestinal trefoil factor, is expressed also in the ulcer-associated cell lineage and the uterus, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 90, 6961, 10.1073/pnas.90.15.6961 Rösler, 2010, Trefoil factor 3 is induced during degenerative and inflammatory joint disease, activates matrix metalloproteinases, and enhances apoptosis of articular cartilage chondrocytes, Arthritis Rheum., 62, 815, 10.1002/art.27295 Bienert, 2017, The SWISS-MODEL Repository - new features and functionality, Nucleic Acids Res. Nucleic Acids Res., 45, D313, 10.1093/nar/gkw1132 Storesund, 2009, Trefoil factor family 3 expression in the oral cavity, Eur. J. Oral Sci., 117, 636, 10.1111/j.1600-0722.2009.00679.x Jiang, 2011, Evolution of Trefoil factor(s): Genetic and spatio-temporal expression of Trefoil factor 2 in the chicken (gallus gallus domesticus), PLoS One, 6, 10.1371/journal.pone.0022691 Samson, 2013, Quantitative measurements of trefoil factor family peptides: possibilities and pitfalls, Scand. J. Clin. Lab. Invest., 73, 193, 10.3109/00365513.2013.765962 Paulsen, 2008, Intestinal trefoil factor/TFF3 promotes re-epithelialization of corneal wounds, J. Biol. Chem., 283, 13418, 10.1074/jbc.M800177200 Ge, 2015, Trefoil factor 3 (TFF3) is regulated by food intake, improves glucose tolerance and induces mucinous metaplasia, PLoS One, 10, 10.1371/journal.pone.0126924 Thim, 2002, Effect of trefoil factors on the viscoelastic properties of mucus gels, Eur. J. Clin. Invest., 32, 519, 10.1046/j.1365-2362.2002.01014.x Hoffmann, 2005, TFF (trefoil factor family) peptide-triggered signals promoting mucosal restitution, Cell. Mol. Life Sci., 62, 2932, 10.1007/s00018-005-5481-9 Taupin, 2000, Intestinal trefoil factor confers colonic epithelial resistance to apoptosis, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 97, 799, 10.1073/pnas.97.2.799 Rodrigues, 2003, Trefoil peptides as proangiogenic factors in vivo and in vitro: implication of cyclooxygenase-2 and EGF receptor signaling, FASEB J., 17, 7, 10.1096/fj.02-0201com Kinoshita, 2000, Distinct pathways of cell migration and antiapoptotic response to epithelial injury: structure-function analysis of human intestinal trefoil factor, Mol. Cell. Biol., 20, 4680, 10.1128/MCB.20.13.4680-4690.2000 Buache, 2011, Deficiency in trefoil factor 1 (TFF1) increases tumorigenicity of human breast cancer cells and mammary tumor development in TFF1-knockout mice, Oncogene, 30, 3261, 10.1038/onc.2011.41 Vakil, 2006, The montreal definition and classification of gastroesophageal reflux disease: a global evidence-based consensus, Am. J. Gastroenterol., 101, 1900, 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2006.00630.x Patcharatrakul, 2014, Gastroesophageal reflux symptoms in typical and atypical GERD: roles of gastroesophageal acid refluxes and esophageal motility, J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol., 29, 284, 10.1111/jgh.12347 El-Serag, 2014, Update on the epidemiology of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease: a systematic review, Gut, 63, 871, 10.1136/gutjnl-2012-304269 Vakil, 2010, Disease definition, clinical manifestations, epidemiology and natural history of GERD, Best Pract. Res. Clin. Gastroenterol., 24, 759, 10.1016/j.bpg.2010.09.009 El-Serag, 2007, Time trends of gastroesophageal reflux disease: a systematic review, Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol., 5, 17, 10.1016/j.cgh.2006.09.016 Sonnenberg, 2014, Time trends of US hospitalization for esophageal disease, J. Clin. Gastroenterol., 48, e71, 10.1097/MCG.0000000000000023 Tan, 2016, Gastroesophageal reflux disease, J. Clin. Gastroenterol., 50, e1, 10.1097/MCG.0000000000000304 Carr, 2013, Risk factors for rising incidence of esophageal and Gastric cardia adenocarcinoma, J. Gastrointest. Cancer, 44, 143, 10.1007/s12029-013-9480-z Herregods, 2015, Pathophysiology of gastroesophageal reflux disease: new understanding in a new era, Neurogastroenterol. Motil., 27, 1202, 10.1111/nmo.12611 Krugmann, 2013, What is the role of endoscopy and oesophageal biopsies in the management of GERD?, Best Pract. Res. Clin. Gastroenterol., 27, 373, 10.1016/j.bpg.2013.06.010 Muñoz-Largacha, 2017, Optimizing the diagnosis and therapy of Barrett’s esophagus, J. Thorac. Dis., 9, S146, 10.21037/jtd.2017.01.58 Mansour, 2017, Barrett’s esophagus: best practices for treatment and post-treatment surveillance, Ann. Cardiothorac. Surg., 6, 75, 10.21037/acs.2017.03.05 Amadi, 2017, Barrett’s oesophagus: current controversies, World J. Gastroenterol., 23, 5051, 10.3748/wjg.v23.i28.5051 Schlemper, 2000, The Vienna classification of gastrointestinal epithelial neoplasia, Gut, 47, 251, 10.1136/gut.47.2.251 Muñoz-Largacha, 2017, Endoscopic mucosal ablation and resection of Barrett’s esophagus and related diseases, J. Vis. Surg., 3, 28, 10.21037/jovs.2017.07.10 Hamade, 2017, Ablation therapy for Barrett’s esophagus: new rules for changing times, Curr. Gastroenterol. Rep., 19, 48, 10.1007/s11894-017-0589-2 Barrera, 2012, Trefoil factor 3 isolated from human breast milk downregulates cytokines (IL8 and IL6) and promotes human beta defensin (hBD2 and hBD4) expression in intestinal epithelial cells HT-29, Bosn. J. Basic Med. Sci., 12, 256, 10.17305/bjbms.2012.2448 Amiry, 2009, Trefoil factor-1 (TFF1) enhances oncogenicity of mammary carcinoma cells, Endocrinology, 150, 4473, 10.1210/en.2009-0066 Xiao, 2015, Trefoil factors: gastrointestinal-specific proteins associated with gastric cancer, Clin. Chim. Acta, 450, 127, 10.1016/j.cca.2015.08.004 Aihara, 2017, Trefoil factor peptides and gastrointestinal function, Annu. Rev. Physiol., 79, 357, 10.1146/annurev-physiol-021115-105447 Taupin, 2003, Trefoil factors: initiators of mucosal healing, Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol., 4, 721, 10.1038/nrm1203 Farrell, 2002, TFF2/SP-deficient mice show decreased gastric proliferation, increased acid secretion, and increased susceptibility to NSAID injury, J. Clin. Invest., 109, 193, 10.1172/JCI0212529 Babyatsky, 1996, Oral trefoil peptides protect against ethanol- and indomethacin-induced gastric injury in rats, Gastroenterology, 110, 489, 10.1053/gast.1996.v110.pm8566596 McKenzie, 2000, Topical and intravenous administration of trefoil factors protect the gastric mucosa from ethanol-induced injury in the rat, Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther., 1033, 10.1046/j.1365-2036.2000.00796.x Xue, 2010, In vivo action of trefoil factor 2 (TFF2) to speed gastric repair is independent of cyclooxygenase, Gut., 59, 1184, 10.1136/gut.2009.205625 Xue, 2011, Trefoil factor 2 requires Na/H exchanger 2 activity to enhance mouse gastric epithelial repair, J. Biol. Chem., 286, 38375, 10.1074/jbc.M111.268219 Chinery, 1995, Combined intestinal trefoil factor and epidermal growth factor is prophylactic against indomethacin-induced gastric damage in the rat, Clin. Sci., 88, 401, 10.1042/cs0880401 Peitz, 2004, TFF3 expression at the esophagogastric junction is increased in gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD), Peptides, 25, 771, 10.1016/j.peptides.2004.01.018 Lin, 2013, The protective effect of trefoil factor 3 on the intestinal tight junction barrier is mediated by toll-like receptor 2 via a PI3K/Akt dependent mechanism, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 440, 143, 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.09.049 Verbeek, 2016, Toll-like Receptor 2 Signalling and the Lysosomal Machinery in Barrett’s Esophagus, J. Gastrointestin. Liver Dis., 25, 273, 10.15403/jgld.2014.1121.253.rc2 Graness, 2002, Protein kinase C and ERK activation are required for TFF- peptide-stimulated bronchial epithelial cell migration and tumor necrosis Factor-α-induced Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-8 secretion, J. Biol. Chem., 277, 18440, 10.1074/jbc.M200468200 Barrera, 2016, Trefoil factor 3 (TFF3) from human breast milk activates PAR-2 receptors, of the intestinal epithelial cells HT-29, regulating cytokines and defensins, Bratisl. Lek. Listy, 117, 332 Abd El-Rehim, 2015, Expression of proteinase-activated Receptor-2 in the esophageal mucosa of gastroesophageal reflux disease patients, Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol., 23, 646, 10.1097/PAI.0000000000000130 Dunn, 2015, Trefoil factor expression in a human model of the early stages of Barrett’s esophagus, Dig. Dis. Sci., 60, 1187, 10.1007/s10620-014-3440-8 Gonzaga, 2017, TFF1 hypermethylation and decreased expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and histologically normal tumor surrounding esophageal cells, Clin. Epigenetics, 9 Soutto, 2019, Loss of TFF1 is associated with activation of NF-κB–mediated inflammation and gastric neoplasia in mice and humans, J. Clin. Invest., 121, 1753, 10.1172/JCI43922 Soutto, 2015, Activation of β-catenin signalling by TFF1 loss promotes cell proliferation and gastric tumorigenesis, Gut, 64, 1028, 10.1136/gutjnl-2014-307191 Wang, 2018, A functional polymorphism in TFF1 promoter is associated with the risk and prognosis of gastric cancer, Int. J. Cancer, 142, 1805, 10.1002/ijc.31197 Aihara, 2016, Epithelial regeneration after gastric ulceration causes prolonged cell-type alterations, Cell. Mol. Gastroenterol. Hepatol., 2, 625, 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2016.05.005 Ross-Innes, 2015, Evaluation of a minimally invasive cell sampling device coupled with assessment of trefoil factor 3 expression for diagnosing Barrett’s esophagus: a multi-center case–control study, PLoS Med., 12, 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001780 Weis, 2013, Heterogeneity in mouse spasmolytic polypeptide-expressing metaplasia lineages identifies markers of metaplastic progression, Gut, 62, 1270, 10.1136/gutjnl-2012-302401 Engevik, 2016, The development of spasmolytic Polypeptide/TFF2-Expressing metaplasia (SPEM) during gastric repair is absent in the aged stomach, Cell. Mol. Gastroenterol. Hepatol., 2, 605, 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2016.05.004 Aikou, 2011, Tests for serum levels of trefoil factor family proteins can improve gastric cancer screening, Gastroenterology, 141, 837, 10.1053/j.gastro.2011.05.040 Kjellev, 2006, Systemically administered trefoil factors are secreted into the gastric lumen and increase the viscosity of gastric contents, Br. J. Pharmacol., 149, 92, 10.1038/sj.bjp.0706840 Poulsen, 1999, Metabolism of oral trefoil factor 2 (TFF2) and the effect of oral and parenteral TFF2 on gastric and duodenal ulcer healing in the rat, Gut, 45, 516, 10.1136/gut.45.4.516 Vandenbroucke, 2004, Active delivery of trefoil factors by genetically modified Lactococcus lactis prevents and heals acute colitis in mice, Gastroenterology, 127, 502, 10.1053/j.gastro.2004.05.020