Possibilities and Prospects of the Behavioral Test “Morris Water Maze”
Tóm tắt
The Morris Water Maze (MWM) behavioral test is a universal
method for testing cognitive functions in experimental rodents,
and it is especially effective in detecting deviations in memory functions
and learning, which makes it indispensable in a study of aging,
stroke, neurodegenerative diseases, effects of therapeutic drugs,
and so on. However, this test can be a far more informative tool
for analyzing the behavior of experimental animals than it seems
at first glance. The formation and consolidation of memory, as well
as learning, are quite complex processes that mainly involve the
hippocampus but, in addition, many other brain areas. The numerous
MWM protocols are so sensitive to changes in functioning of different,
not only hippocampal, brain areas that they can be used as an “indicator”
of normal cognitive function. Thus, MWM modifications involve different mechanisms
of navigation, learning and memory, and the results of these tests,
as well as their correct interpretation, can give a lot more information
about the behavior of tested animals. Here, we survey most popular
methods for conducting the MWM procedure and discuss those informative
parameters that can help analyze the results of this test.
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