Population Movements and Tropical Health

Global Change and Human Health - Tập 3 - Trang 20-32 - 2002
R. Mansell Prothero1
1University of Liverpool, UK, Neston, UK, e-mail

Tóm tắt

Through time people have been mobile, for a variety of complex reasons at a range of scales from local through regional and continental to intercontinental. Some are voluntary, others are made under pressure and the force of various circumstances, with environmental, socio-economic and political factors often interrelating to cause movements. We are now more mobile than at any time in the past, there are more people to move, the means to move are greater, and political boundaries are either open or often crossed without great difficulty. These movements have considerable consequences for human health, for disease transmission and diffusion and for measures for health improvement. They are viewed at a global scale, and then for two major regions in more detail to illustrate their significance for one old and one new disease, for malaria in Southeast Asia and for HIV/AIDS in West Africa.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Maegraith B. One World. University of London, Heath Clark Lectures, 1970. The Athlone Press, London, 1973.

McMichael A.. Health. In; Population and Climate Change, O'Neill B C, Landis MacKellar F, Lutz W, eds., pp.162-171, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2000.

Martens P, Hall L. Malaria on the move. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2000; 6: 7-13. Prothero R M. Migration and malaria risk. Health Risk and Society. 2001; 3: 20-38.

McNeill W H. Plagues and People. 1976. Basil Blackwell, Oxford.

Curtin P D. Disease exchange across the tropical Atlantic. Pubblicazioni Stazione Zoologica di Napoli II. 1993; 15: 329-356.

Cliff A D, Haggett P. The Spread of Measles in Fiji and the Pacific. Department of HumanGeography Publication HG/8, Australian National University, Canberra, 1985.

Prothero R M. Forced movements of population and health hazards in tropical Africa. International Journal of Epidemiology. 1994; 6:259-267. Toole M J. Mass population displacement: a global health challenge. Infectious Disease Clinics North America. 2000; 9:353-366.

Carballo M, Divine J, Zeric D. Migration and health in the European Union. Tropical Medicine and International Health. 1998; 3: 936-944.

Kamel W W. Health dilemmas at the borders. World Health Forum. 1997; 18: 9-12.

Crowcroft N S. Cholera: current epidemiology. Communicable Diseases Report CDR Review. 1994; 4: 157-164.

Prothero R M. Malaria in Latin America: environmental and human factors. Bulletin Latin American Research. 1995; 14: 357-365.

Maegraith B. Unde venis. Lancet. 1963; 284: 401

Muentener P, Schlagehauf P, Steffen P. Imported malaria (1985-1995); trends and perspectives. Bulletin World Health Organization. 1999; 77: 560-566.

Prothero R M, Chapman M. Circulation in Third World Countries. Routledge and Kegan Paul, London, 1985.

Prothero R M. Disease and mobility: a neglected factor in epidemiology. International Journal of Epidemiology. 1977; 6: 259-267.

WHO Weekly Epidemiological Record and TDR Thirteenth Programme Report 1996.

Sharma V P, Kondrashin A V. Forest malaria in Southeast Asia. Indian Council for Medical Research, New Delhi, 1996. Prothero R M. Malaria, forests and people in Southeast Asia. Singapore Journal Tropical Geography. 1998; 20:76-85

Gomes M. More crops, more disease. World Health Forum. 1998; 19: 274-280.

Singhanetra-Renard A. Malaria and mobility in Thailand. Social Science and Medicine. 1993; 37: 1131-1136.

Kidson C. Editorial: trade, population fl ow and transnation malaria control. Southeast Asian Journal Tropical Medicine Public Health. 1993; 24:213215.

Stephenson, J. Apocalypse now: HIV/AIDS exceeds the experts' worst predictions. Journal American Medical Association. 2000; 284: 556-557.

Cohen J Ground zero: AIDS research in Africa. Science. 2000; 288: 2150-2153.

Decosas J, Adrien A. Migration and HIV. AIDS. 1997; 11 Supplement A: S77-84.

Lalou R, Piche V. Migration et SIDA en Afrique de l'Ouest: un etat des connaissances. Les Dossiers du Centre Francais sur la Population et le Developpement, Paris 1994.

Caldwell J C, Santow G, Orubuloye I O, Caldwell P, Anarfi J, eds. Sexual Networking and HIV/Aids in West Africa. Health Transition Review, Supplement to vol 3. 1993

Orubuloye I.O, Caldwell P, Caldwell J.C. The role of high risk occupations in the spread of AIDS: truck drivers and itinerant market women in Nigeria. In: Orubuloye I O, Caldwell J C, Caldwell P, Santow G, eds. Sexual Networking and AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa: Behavioural Research and the Social Context. Health Transition Series 4, Australian National University, Canberra, 1994; 89-100.

Prothero R.M. Malaria and the importance of people. Development in Practice. 2001; 11:86-91.

Bradley D J. Editorial: the next century of tropical health. Tropical Medicine and International Health. 1998; 3:81-82.