Polymorphonuclear leukocytes from asthmatics release more calcium from intracellular stores and have enhanced calcium increase after stimulation withN-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine

Barnes PJ. New concepts in the pathogenesis of bronchial hyperresponsiveness and asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1989; 83:1013.

Kay AB. Asthma and inflammation. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1991; 87;893.

Kallenbach J, Baynes R, Fine B, Dajee D, Bezwoda W. Persistent neutrophil activation in mild asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1992; 90:272.

Kato M, Nakano M, Morikava A, Kimura H, Shigeta M, Kuroume T. Ability of polymorphonuclear leukocytes to generate active oxygen species in children with bronchial asthma: use of chemiluminescence probes with aCypridina luciferin analog and luminol. Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol 1991; 95:17.

Sustiel AM, Joseph BZ, Rocklin RE, Borish L. Asthmatic patients have primed neutrophils which exhibit diminished responsiveness to adenosine. Am Rev Respir Dis 1989; 140:1556.

Meltzer S, Goldberg B, Lad P, Easton J. Superoxide generation and its modulation by adenosine in the neutrophils of subjects with asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1989; 83:960.

Bastian N, Hibbs JB. Assembly and regulation of NADPH oxidase and nitric oxide synthase. Curr Opin Immunol 1994; 6:131.

McPhail LC, Qualliotine-Mann D, Agwu DE, McCall CE. Phospholipases and activation of the NADPH oxidase. Eur J Haematol 1993; 51:294.

Nishizuka Y. Intracellular signalling by hydrolysis of phospholipids and activation of protein kinase C. Science 1992; 258:607.

Rhee SG, Choi KD. Regulation of inositol phospholipid-specific phospholipase C izoenzymes. J Biol Chem 1992; 267:12393.

Gelas P, Von Tscharner V, Record M, Baggioiini M, Chap H. Human neutrophil phospholipase D activation by N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine reveals a two step process for the control of phosphatidylcholine breakdown and oxidative burst. Biochem J 1992; 287:67.

Nowak D, Bialasiewicz P, Antczak A, Kroi M, Piasecka G. Comparison of PAF- and FMLP-induced [Ca2+]i; transients in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. J Lipid Mediat Cell Signal 1996; 13:163.

Cockroft DW. Bronchial inhalation tests. I. Measurement of non-allergic bronchial responsiveness. Ann Allergy 1985; 55:527.

American Thoracic Society. Standardization of spirometry 1987 update. Am Rev Respir Dis 1987; 136:1285.

Boyüm A. Isolation of mononuclear cells and granulocytes from human blood. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 1968; 97 (Suppl):77.

Nowak D, Bialasiewicz P, Antczak A, Krol M, Piasecka G. Effect of cytochalasin B on intracellular free calcium concentration in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes after repeated stimulations with /N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine. Int J Clin Lab Res 1995; 25:116.

Nowak D, Bialasiewicz P, Antczak A, Krol M, Piasecka G. Changes of intracellular free calcium concentration in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes after repeated stimulations with N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine. Immunobiology 1995; 192:343.

Fabiato A, Fabiato F. Calculator programs for computing the composition of the solutions containing multiple metals and ligands used for experiments in skinned muscle cells. J Physiol Paris 1979; 75:463.

Demaurex N, Lew DP, Krause KH. Cyclopiazonic acid depletes intracellular Ca2+ stores and activates an influx pathway for divalent cations in HL-60 cells. J Biol Chem 1992; 267:2318.

Randriamampita C, Tsien RY. Emptying of intracellular Ca2+ stores releases a novel small messenger that stimulates Ca2+influx. Nature 1993; 364:809.

Chiavaroli C, Bird GSJ, Putney JW. Delayed “all-or-none” activation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate-dependent calcium signalling in single rat hepatocytes. J Biol Chem 1994; 269:25570.

Boynton AL, Dean NM, Hill TD. Inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate and regulation of intracellular calcium. Biochem Pharmacol 1990; 40:1933.

Howarth PH, Bradding P, Quint D, Redington AE, Holgate ST. Cytokines and airway inflammation. Ann NY Acad Sci 1994; 725:69.

Broide DH, Lotz M, Cuomo AJ, Coburn DA, Federman EC, Wasserman SI. Cytokines in symptomatic asthma airways. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1992; 89:958.

O’Flaherty JT, Rossi AG, Jacobson DP, Redman JF. Roles of Ca2+ in human neutrophil responses to receptor agonist. Biochem J 1991; 278:705.

Barnes PJ. Beta-adrenergic receptors and their regulation. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1995; 152:838.