Pollen-based reconstructions of late Holocene climate from the central and western Canadian Arctic

Abbott MB, Stafford TW Jr (1996) Radiocarbon geochemistry of modern and ancient Arctic lake systems, Baffin Island, Canada. Quat Res 45:300–311. doi: 10.1006/qres.1996.0031

Argus GW, McJannet CL, Dallwitz MJ (2008) Salicaceae of the Canadian Arctic archipelago: descriptions, illustrations, identification, and information retrieval. http://www.mun.ca/biology/delta/arcticf/

Billings WD (1987) Constraints to plant growth, reproduction, and establishment in Arctic environments. Arct Alp Res 19:357–365. doi: 10.2307/1551400

Bolch CJS (1997) The use of sodium polytungstate for the separation and concentration of living dinoflagellate cysts from marine sediments. Phycologia 36:472–478

Bourgeois J, Koerner R, Gajewski K, Fisher D (2000) A Holocene ice core pollen record from Ellesmere Island, Nunavut, Canada. Quat Res 54:275–283. doi: 10.1006/qres.2000.2156

CAVM (2003) Circumpolar Arctic vegetation map. Scale 1:7,500,000. Conservation of Arctic Flora and Fauna (CAFF) Map No 1. US Fish and Wildlife Service, Anchorage, Alaska. http://www.geobotany.uaf.edu/cavm/

Child JK, Werner A (1999) Evidence for a hardwater radiocarbon dating effect, Wonder Lake, Denali National Park and Preserve, Alaska, USA. Géogr Phys Quat 53:407–411

Cwynar LC, Burden E, McAndrews JC (1979) An inexpensive method for concentrating pollen and spores from fine grained sediments. Can J Earth Sci 16:1115–1120

Dallwitz MJ (1980) A general system for coding taxonomic descriptions. Taxon 29:41–46. doi: 10.2307/1219595

Dean WE Jr (1974) Determination of carbonate and organic-matter in calcareous sediments and sedimentary rocks by loss on ignition: comparison with other methods. J Sediment Petrol 44:242–248

DeMaster DJ (1981) The supply and accumulation of silica in the marine environment. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 45:1715–1732. doi: 10.1016/0016-7037(81)90006-5

Douglas MSV, Smol JP, Blake W Jr (1994) Marked post-18th century environmental change in high-arctic ecosystems. Science 266:416–419. doi: 10.1126/science.266.5184.416

Environment Canada (1999) Canadian climate normals 1948–1999. Prairies and Northern Weather Station Data [CDROM]

Faegri K, Iversen J (1989) Textbook of pollen analysis, 4th edn. Wiley, Chichester, p 328

Fallu MA, Pienitz R, Walker IR, Overpeck J (2004) AMS 14C dating of tundra lake sediments using chironomid head capsules. J Paleolimnol 31:11–22. doi: 10.1023/B:JOPL.0000013271.66605.68

Fréchette B, Wolfe AP, Miller GH, Richard PJH, de Vernal A (2006) Vegetation and climate of the last interglacial on Baffin Island, Arctic Canada. Palaeogeogr Palaeoclimatol Palaeoecol 236:91–106. doi: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2005.11.034

Fulton RJ (1995) Surficial materials of Canada (Ottawa, Geological Society of Canada), ‘‘A’’ Series Map 1880A

Gajewski K (1995) Modern and Holocene pollen accumulation in some small Arctic lakes from Somerset Island, N.W.T., Canada. Quat Res 44:228–236. doi: 10.1006/qres.1995.1067

Gajewski K (2006) Is Arctic palynology a “blunt instrument”? Géogr Phys Quat 60:95–102

Gajewski K, Atkinson D (2003) Climate change in the Canadian Arctic. Environ Rev 11:69–102. doi: 10.1139/a03-006

Gajewski K, Frappier M (2001) Postglacial environmental history from Prince of Wales Island, Nunavut, Canada. Boreas 30:485–489

Gajewski K, MacDonald GM (2005) Palynology of Arctic lakes. In: Pienitz R, Douglas M, Smol J (eds) Long-term environmental change in Arctic and Antarctic lakes DPER, vol 8. Kluwer, Dordrecht

Gajewski K, Mott RJ, Ritchie JC, Hadden K (2000) Holocene vegetation history of Banks Island, Northwest Territories, Canada. Can J Bot 78:430–436. doi: 10.1139/cjb-78-4-430

Hughen KA, Overpeck JT, Anderson RF (2000) Recent warming in a 500-year palaeotemperature record from varved sediments, Upper Soper Lake, Baffin Island, Canada. Holocene 10:9–19. doi: 10.1191/095968300676746202

Hyvärinen H (1985) Holocene pollen stratigraphy of Baird Inlet, East-Central Ellesmere Island, Arctic Canada. Boreas 14:19–32

Jackson ST, Williams JW (2004) Modern analogues in quaternary paleoecology: here today, gone yesterday, gone tomorrow? Annu Rev Earth Planet Sci 32:495–537. doi: 10.1146/annurev.earth.32.101802.120435

Juggins S (2003) User guide. Software for ecological and paleoecological data analysis and visualisation. University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne

Kapp RO, Davis OK, King JE (2000) Ronald O. Kapp’s pollen and spores, 2nd edn. American Association of Stratigraphic Palynologists Foundation

Kaufman D, Ager TA, Anderson NJ, Anderson PM, Andrews JT, Bartlein PJ, Brubaker LB, Coats LL, Cwynar LC, Duvall ML, Dyke AS, Edwards ME, Eisner WR, Gajewski K, Geirsdóttir A, Hu FS, Jennings AE, Kaplan MR, Kerwin MW, Lozhkin AV, MacDonald GM, Miller GH, Mock CJ, Oswald WW, Otto-Bliesner BL, Porinchu DF, Rühland K, Smol JP, Steig EJ, Wolfe BB, PARCS working group (2004) Holocene thermal maximum in the western Arctic (0° to 180°W). Quat Sci Rev 23:529–560. doi: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2003.09.007

Kerwin MW, Overpeck JT, Webb RS, Anderson KH (2004) Pollen-based summer temperature reconstructions for the eastern Canadian boreal forest, subarctic, and Arctic. Quat Sci Rev 23:1901–1924. doi: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2004.03.013

Leblanc M, Gajewski K, Hamilton P (2004) A diatom-based Holocene paleoenvironmental record from a lake on the Boothia Peninsula, Nunavut, Canada. Holocene 14:423–431

Meteorological Service of Canada (2008) Canadian climate normals 1971–2000. http://climate.weatheroffice.ec.gc.ca/climate_normals/index_e.html

McAndrews JH, Berti AA, Norris G (1973) Key to the quaternary pollen and spores of the Great Lakes region. Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto

Michelutti N, Wolfe AP, Vinebrooke RD, Rivard B, Briner JP (2005) Recent primary production increases in Arctic lakes. Geophys Res Lett 32:L19715. doi: 10.1029/2005GL023693

Michelutti N, Wolfe AP, Briner JP, Miller GH (2007) Climate shapes the chemical and biological development of Arctic lakes. J Geophys Res 112:G03002. doi: 10.1029/2006JG000396

Overpeck J, Webb T III, Prentice IC (1985) Quantitative interpretation of fossil pollen spectra: dissimilarity coefficients and the method of modern analogues. Quat Res 23:87–108. doi: 10.1016/0033-5894(85)90074-2

Overpeck J, Hughen K, Hardy D, Bradley R, Case R, Douglas M et al (1997) Arctic environmental change of the last four centuries. Science 278:1251–1256. doi: 10.1126/science.278.5341.1251

Parsons TR, Maita Y, Lalli CM (1984) A manual of chemical and biological methods for seawater analysis. Pergamon, Oxford

Peros MC, Gajewski K (2008a) Holocene climate and vegetation change on Victoria Island, western Canadian Arctic. Quat Sci Rev 27:235–249. doi: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2007.09.002

Peros MC, Gajewski K (2008b) Testing the reliability of pollen-based diversity estimates. J Paleolimnol 40:357–368. doi: 10.1007/s10933-007-9166-2

Sawada M, Viau AE, Vettoretti G, Peltier WR, Gajewski K (2004) Comparison of North American pollen-based temperature and global lake-status with CCCma AGCM2 output at 6 ka. Quat Sci Rev 23:225–244. doi: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2003.08.005

Stuiver M, Reimer PJ, Bard E, Beck WJ, Burr GS, Hughen KA et al (1998) INTCAL98 radiocarbon age calibration, 24,000–0 cal BP. Radiocarbon 40:1041–1083

Talma AS, Vogel JC (1993) A simplified approach to calibrating 14C dates. Radiocarbon 35:317–322

Thomas EK, Axford Y, Briner JP (2008) Rapid 20th century environmental change on northeastern Baffin Island, Arctic Canada inferred from a multi-proxy lacustrine record. J Paleolimnol 40:507–517

Viau A, Gajewski K (2007) Comment on “The magnitudes of millennial- and orbital-scale climatic change in eastern North America during the Late Quaternary” by Shuman et al., 2005. Quat Sci Rev 26:264–267. doi: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2006.07.010

Viau A, Gajewski K, Sawada M, Fines P (2006) Mean-continental July temperature variability in North America during the past 14,000 years. J Geophys Res-Atmos 111:D09102. doi: 10.1029/2005JD006031

Wheeler JO, Hoffman PF, Card KD, Davidson A, Sanford BV, Okulitch AV et al (1996) Geological map of Canada (Ottawa, Geological Society of Canada), “A” Series Map 1860A

Whitmore J, Gajewski K, Sawada M, Willimas JW, Minckley T, Shuman B et al (2005) A North American modern pollen database for multi-scale paleoecological and paleoclimatic applications. Quat Sci Rev 24:1828–1848. doi: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2005.03.005

Williams JW, Shuman B (2008) Obtaining accurate and precise environmental reconstructions from the modern analogue technique and North American surface pollen dataset. Quat Sci Rev 27:669–687. doi: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2008.01.004

Wolfe AP (2003) Diatom community responses to late-Holocene climatic variability, Baffin Island, Canada: a comparison of numerical approaches. Holocene 13:29–37

Zabenskie S, Gajewski K (2007) Post-glacial climatic change on Boothia Peninsula, Nunavut, Canada. Quat Res 68:261–270. doi: 10.1016/j.yqres.2007.04.003

Zabenskie S, Peros M, Gajewski K (2006) The use of heavy-liquid in the separation of pollen from Arctic lake sediments. Can Assoc Palynol Newsl 29:5–7