Plasmonic materials and manufacturing methods for rapid and sustainable thermal cycler for PCR

Cohn, 2012, John aberth, plagues in world history, Soc. Hist. Med., 25, 253, 10.1093/shm/hkr144 Perry, 1997, Yersinia pestis--etiologic agent of plague, Clin. Microbiol. Rev., 10, 35, 10.1128/CMR.10.1.35 LeDuc, 2004, SARS, the first pandemic of the 21st Century1, emerg, Inf. Disp., 10 Al Hajjar, 2013, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV): a perpetual challenge, Ann. Saudi Med., 33, 427, 10.5144/0256-4947.2013.427 Cucinotta, 2020, WHO declares COVID-19 a pandemic, Acta Biomed., 91, 157 Leach, 2021, Post-pandemic transformations: how and why COVID-19 requires us to rethink development, World Dev., 138, 10.1016/j.worlddev.2020.105233 Kim, 2017, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) outbreak in South Korea, 2015: epidemiology, characteristics and public health implications, J. Hosp. Infect., 95, 207, 10.1016/j.jhin.2016.10.008 Clemente-Suárez, 2022, Sustainable development goals in the COVID-19 pandemic: a narrative review, Sustainability, 14, 7726, 10.3390/su14137726 WHO Coronavirus (COVID-19) Dashboard | WHO Coronavirus (COVID-19) Dashboard With Vaccination Data (website), https://covid19.who.int/(accessed April 20, 2023). Sahu, 2021, Recovering from the impact of the covid-19 pandemic and accelerating to achieving the united nations general assembly tuberculosis targets, Int. J. Infect. Dis., 113, 10.1016/j.ijid.2021.02.078 Adyel, 2020, Accumulation of plastic waste during COVID-19, Science, 369, 1314, 10.1126/science.abd9925 Patrício Silva, 2020, Rethinking and optimising plastic waste management under COVID-19 pandemic: policy solutions based on redesign and reduction of single-use plastics and personal protective equipment, Sci. Total Environ., 742, 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140565 Elsaid, 2021, Effects of COVID-19 on the environment: an overview on air, water, wastewater, and solid waste, J. Environ. Manag., 292, 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112694 Morooka, 2022, Influence of COVID-19 on the 10-year carbon footprint of the Nagoya University Hospital and medical research centre, Glob. Health, 18, 92, 10.1186/s12992-022-00883-9 Singh, 2021, Environmental impacts of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Bioresour. Technol. Rep., 15 Lopez, 2017, Reducing the environmental impact of clinical laboratories, Clin. Biochem. Rev., 38, 3 Huang, 2023 Lazcka, 2007, Pathogen detection: a perspective of traditional methods and biosensors, Biosens. Bioelectron., 22, 1205, 10.1016/j.bios.2006.06.036 Atmar, 2014, Immunological detection and characterization, 47 Kary, 1987, Specific synthesis of DNA in vitro via a polymerase-catalyzed chain reaction, Methods Enzymol., 218, 335 Erlich, 1988, Specific DNA amplification, Nature, 331, 461, 10.1038/331461a0 Binny, 2022, Sensitivity of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction tests for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 through time, J. Infect. Dis., 227, 9, 10.1093/infdis/jiac317 Svec, 2015, How good is a PCR efficiency estimate: recommendations for precise and robust qPCR efficiency assessments, Biomol. Detect, Quantif, 3, 9 Shampo, 2002, Mullis—nobel laureate for procedure to replicate DNA, Mayo Clin. Proc., 77, 606, 10.4065/77.7.606 Menu, 2018, Evaluation of two DNA extraction methods for the PCR-based detection of eukaryotic enteric pathogens in fecal samples, BMC Res. Notes, 11, 206, 10.1186/s13104-018-3300-2 Paul, 2020, Advances in point-of-care nucleic acid extraction technologies for rapid diagnosis of human and plant diseases, Biosens. Bioelectron., 169, 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112592 Gilboa, 1979, A detailed model of reverse transcription and tests of crucial aspects, Cell, 18, 93, 10.1016/0092-8674(79)90357-X Chuang, 2013, Specific primer design for the polymerase chain reaction, Biotechnol. Lett., 35, 1541, 10.1007/s10529-013-1249-8 Lehman, 1989, DNA polymerase α, J. Biol. Chem., 264, 4265, 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)83733-4 Lorenz, 2012, Polymerase chain reaction: basic protocol plus troubleshooting and optimization strategies, J. Vis. Exp., e3998 Templeton, 1992, The polymerase chain reaction history methods, and applications, Diagn. Mol. Pathol., 1, 58, 10.1097/00019606-199203000-00008 Navarro, 2015, Real-time PCR detection chemistry, Clin. Chim. Acta, 439, 231, 10.1016/j.cca.2014.10.017 Wittwer, 2001, Real-time multiplex PCR assays, Methods, 25, 430, 10.1006/meth.2001.1265 Elnifro, 2000, Multiplex PCR: optimization and application in diagnostic virology, Clin. Microbiol. Rev., 13, 559, 10.1128/CMR.13.4.559 Green, 2018, The basic polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Cold Spring Harb. Protoc., 2018, 338 El-Ali, 2004, Simulation and experimental validation of a SU-8 based PCR thermocycler chip with integrated heaters and temperature sensor, Sensors Actuators A Phys, 110, 3, 10.1016/j.sna.2003.09.022 Dinca, 2009, Design of a PID controller for a PCR micro reactor, IEEE Trans. Educ., 52, 116, 10.1109/TE.2008.919811 Trojan, 2018, New approach of PCR technology for IGF-I evaluation, Biomed. J. Sci. Tech. Res., 8, 6589 Calik, 2021, Innovations In Pcr Devices In Terms Of Hardware Properties, Asian Jr. of Microbio, Biotech. Evn. Sc., 23, 119 Peltier, 1834, Nouvelles expériences sur la caloricité des courants électriques, Ann. Chem. Phys., 56, 371 Belgrader, 1999, PCR detection of bacteria in seven minutes, Science, 284, 449, 10.1126/science.284.5413.449 Wong, 2015, A rapid and low-cost PCR thermal cycler for low resource settings, PLoS One, 10, 10.1371/journal.pone.0131701 Yang, 2017 Chen, 2016, Power output and efficiency of a thermoelectric generator under temperature control, Energy Convers. Manag., 127, 404, 10.1016/j.enconman.2016.09.039 Freire, 2021, Efficiency in thermoelectric generators based on Peltier cells, Energy Rep., 7, 355, 10.1016/j.egyr.2021.08.099 PG2030-PJT4622-COL18955-QuantStudio-Sustainability-Flyer-Global-FHR (website) , pp. 1–3, https://www.thermofisher.com/content/dam/LifeTech/Documents/PDFs/PG2030-PJT4622-COL18955-QuantStudio-Sustainability-Flyer-Global-FHR.pdf. (accessed April 25, 2023). Chan, 2016, A rapid and low-cost PCR thermal cycler for infectious disease diagnostics, PLoS One, 11 Pal, 2002, A portable battery-operated chip thermocycler based on induction heating, Sensors Actuators, A Phys., 102, 151, 10.1016/S0924-4247(02)00300-X Snodgrass, 2016, KS-detect – validation of solar thermal PCR for the diagnosis of kaposi’s sarcoma using pseudo-biopsy samples, PLoS One, 11, 10.1371/journal.pone.0147636 Jiang, 2014, Solar thermal polymerase chain reaction for smartphone-assisted molecular diagnostics, Sci. Rep., 4, 1 Fermér, 2003, Microwave-assisted high-speed PCR, Eur. J. Pharmaceut. Sci., 18, 129, 10.1016/S0928-0987(02)00252-X Ahrberg, 2016, Handheld real-time PCR device, Lab Chip, 16, 586, 10.1039/C5LC01415H Kondoh, 2009, Development of temperature-control system for liquid droplet using surface Acoustic wave devices, Sensors Actuators, A Phys., 149, 292, 10.1016/j.sna.2008.11.007 Oda, 1998, Infrared-mediated thermocycling for ultrafast polymerase chain reaction amplification of DNA, Anal. Chem., 70, 4361, 10.1021/ac980452i Sreejith, 2018, Digital polymerase chain reaction technology – recent advances and future perspectives, Lab Chip, 18, 3717, 10.1039/C8LC00990B Kim, 2008, Performance evaluation of thermal cyclers for PCR in a rapid cycling condition, Biotechniques, 44, 495, 10.2144/000112705 Bartsch, 2015, The rotary zone thermal cycler: a low-power system enabling automated rapid PCR, PLoS One, 10, 10.1371/journal.pone.0118182 Jeong, 2018, Portable low-power thermal cycler with dual thin-film Pt heaters for a polymeric PCR chip, Biomed. Microdevices, 20, 14, 10.1007/s10544-018-0257-9 Aragaw, 2022, Understanding disposable plastics effects generated from the PCR testing labs during the COVID-19 pandemic, J. Hazard. Mater. Adv., 7 2021, 1 Benson, 2021, COVID pollution: impact of COVID-19 pandemic on global plastic waste footprint, Heliyon, 7, 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06343 Celis, 2021, Plastic residues produced with confirmatory testing for COVID-19: classification, quantification, fate, and impacts on human health, Sci. Total Environ., 760, 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144167 Greenhouse Gases Equivalencies Calculator - Calculations and References,(website). https://www.epa.gov/energy/greenhouse-gases-equivalencies-calculator-calculations-and-references (accessed April 28, 2023). Kim, 2018, Materials and design of nanostructured broadband light absorbers for advanced light-to-heat conversion, Nanoscale, 10, 21555, 10.1039/C8NR06024J Guo, 2019, Photo-thermal conversion materials and their application in desalination, Prog. Chem., 31, 580 You, 2020, Ultrafast photonic PCR based on photothermal nanomaterials, Trends Biotechnol., 38, 637, 10.1016/j.tibtech.2019.12.006 Sarfraz, 2021, Plasmonic gold nanoparticles (AuNPs): properties, synthesis and their advanced energy, environmental and biomedical applications, Chem. Asian J., 16, 720, 10.1002/asia.202001202 Park, 2022, Recent development in plasmonic nanobiosensors for viral DNA/RNA biomarkers, Biosensors, 12, 1121, 10.3390/bios12121121 Roche, 2017, Real time plasmonic qPCR: how fast is ultra-fast? 30 cycles in 54 seconds, Analyst, 142, 1746, 10.1039/C7AN00304H Abubakr, 2020, Sustainable and smart manufacturing: an integrated approach, Sustain. Times, 12, 1 Stockman, 2011, Nanoplasmonics: the physics behind the applications, Phys. Today, 64, 39, 10.1063/1.3554315 Willets, 2007, Localized surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy and sensing, Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem., 58, 267, 10.1146/annurev.physchem.58.032806.104607 West, 2010, Searching for better plasmonic materials, Laser Photon. Rev., 4, 795, 10.1002/lpor.200900055 Cunha, 2020, Controlling light, heat, and vibrations in plasmonics and phononics, Adv. Opt. Mater., 8, 10.1002/adom.202001225 Wang, 2021, Plasmonic semiconductor: a tunable non-metal photocatalyst, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 46, 29858, 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2021.06.142 Wang, 2019, Transparent conductive oxides and their applications in near infrared plasmonics, Phys. Status Solidi, 216 Margeson, 2020, Plasmonic metal nitrides for solar-driven water evaporation, Environ. Sci. Water Res. Technol., 6, 3169, 10.1039/D0EW00534G Grigorenko, 2012, Graphene plasmonics, Nat. Publ. Gr., 6, 749 Huang, 2016, Graphene plasmonics: physics and potential applications, Nanophotonics, 6, 1191, 10.1515/nanoph-2016-0126 Stewart, 2008, Nanostructured plasmonic sensors, Chem. Rev., 108, 494, 10.1021/cr068126n Miller, 2005, Sensitivity of metal nanoparticle surface plasmon resonance to the dielectric environment, J. Phys. Chem. B, 109, 21556, 10.1021/jp054227y Xu, 2003, Wavelength tuning of surface plasmon resonance using dielectric layers on silver island films, Appl. Phys. Lett., 82, 3811, 10.1063/1.1578518 Masson, 2020, Portable and field-deployed surface plasmon resonance and plasmonic sensors, Analyst, 145, 3776, 10.1039/D0AN00316F Lee, 2006, Gold and silver nanoparticles in sensing and imaging: sensitivity of plasmon response to size, shape, and metal composition, J. Phys. Chem. B, 110, 10.1021/jp062536y Kim, 2019, Plasmonic photothermal nanoparticles for biomedical applications, Adv. Sci., 6, 10.1002/advs.201900471 Guglielmelli, 2021, Thermoplasmonics with gold nanoparticles: a new weapon in modern optics and biomedicine, Adv. Photonics Res., 2, 10.1002/adpr.202170027 Yang, 2022, Thermoplasmonics in solar energy conversion: materials, nanostructured designs, and applications, Adv. Mater., 34 Zada, 2020, Surface plasmonic‐assisted photocatalysis and optoelectronic devices with noble metal nanocrystals: design, synthesis, and applications, Adv. Funct. Mater., 30, 10.1002/adfm.201906744 Jiang, 2013, Size-dependent photothermal conversion efficiencies of plasmonically heated gold nanoparticles, J. Phys. Chem. C, 117, 27073, 10.1021/jp409067h Cavigli, 2021, Photostability of contrast agents for photoacoustics: the case of gold nanorods, Nanomaterials, 11, 116, 10.3390/nano11010116 Kumar, 2007, Anomalous absorption of surface plasma wave by particles adsorbed on metal surface, Appl. Phys. Lett., 91, 10.1063/1.2800305 Kumar, 2016, 103 Petryayeva, 2011, Localized surface plasmon resonance: nanostructures, bioassays and biosensing—a review, Anal. Chim. Acta, 706, 8, 10.1016/j.aca.2011.08.020 Deng, 2017, The emergence of solar thermal utilization: solar-driven steam generation, J. Mater. Chem. A, 5, 7691, 10.1039/C7TA01361B Amendola, 2017, Surface plasmon resonance in gold nanoparticles: a review, J. Phys. Condens. Matter, 29, 10.1088/1361-648X/aa60f3 Welford, 1991, Surface plasmon-polaritons and their uses, Opt. Quant. Electron., 23, 1, 10.1007/BF00619516 Innes, 1985, Simple thermal detection of surface plasmon-polaritons, Solid State Commun., 56, 493, 10.1016/0038-1098(85)90700-8 Baffou, 2013, Thermo-plasmonics: using metallic nanostructures as nano-sources of heat, Laser Photon. Rev., 7, 171, 10.1002/lpor.201200003 Bernardi, 2015, Theory and computation of hot carriers generated by surface plasmon polaritons in noble metals, Nat. Commun., 6, 7044, 10.1038/ncomms8044 Huang, 2019, Review of experimental setups for plasmonic photocatalytic reactions, Catalysts, 10, 46, 10.3390/catal10010046 Santoro, 2022, The advent of thermoplasmonic membrane distillation, Chem. Soc. Rev., 51, 6087, 10.1039/D0CS00097C Dykman, 2012, Gold nanoparticles in biomedical applications: recent advances and perspectives, Chem. Soc. Rev., 41, 2256, 10.1039/C1CS15166E Baffou, 2020, Applications and challenges of thermoplasmonics, Nat. Mater., 19, 946, 10.1038/s41563-020-0740-6 Wang, 2022, Nanoscale thermoplasmonic welding, iScience, 25 De Sio, 2015, Next-generation thermo-plasmonic technologies and plasmonic nanoparticles in optoelectronics, Prog. Quant. Electron., 41, 23, 10.1016/j.pquantelec.2015.03.001 Jauffred, 2019, Plasmonic heating of nanostructures, Chem. Rev., 119, 8087, 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00738 Badilescu, 2020, Gold nano-island platforms for localized surface plasmon resonance sensing: a short review, Molecules, 25, 10.3390/molecules25204661 Mie, 1908, Beiträge zur Optik trüber Medien, speziell kolloidaler Metallösungen, Ann. Phys., 330, 377, 10.1002/andp.19083300302 Jain, 2006, Calculated absorption and scattering properties of gold nanoparticles of different size, shape, and composition: applications in biological imaging and biomedicine, J. Phys. Chem. B, 110, 7238, 10.1021/jp057170o Chen, 2021, Plasmonic nanostructures for photothermal conversion, Small Sci, 1, 10.1002/smsc.202000055 Roche, 2012, Demonstration of a plasmonic thermocycler for the amplification of human androgen receptor DNA, Analyst, 137, 4475, 10.1039/c2an35692a Son, 2015, Ultrafast photonic PCR, Light Sci. Appl., 4, e280, 10.1038/lsa.2015.53 Li, 2016, Handheld energy-efficient magneto-optical real-time quantitative PCR device for target DNA enrichment and quantification, NPG Asia Mater., 8, 10.1038/am.2016.70 Li, 2005, Enhancing the efficiency of a PCR using gold nanoparticles, Nucleic Acids Res., 33, 1, 10.1093/nar/gni183 Semeniak, 2022, Plasmonic fluorescence enhancement in diagnostics for clinical tests at point‐of‐care: a review of recent technologies, Adv. Mater. Vanzha, 2016, Gold nanoparticle-assisted polymerase chain reaction: effects of surface ligands, nanoparticle shape and material, RSC Adv., 6, 110146, 10.1039/C6RA20472D Kadu, 2020, Machine-Free polymerase chain reaction with triangular gold and silver nanoparticles, J. Phys. Chem. Lett., 11, 10489, 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c02708 Kim, 2017, Gold nanorod-based photo-pcr system for one-step, rapid detection of bacteria, Nanotheranostics, 1, 178, 10.7150/ntno.18720 Kim, 2022, Ultrafast real-time PCR in photothermal microparticles, ACS Nano, 16, 20533, 10.1021/acsnano.2c07017 Lee, 2017, Plasmonic photothermal gold bipyramid nanoreactors for ultrafast real-time bioassays, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 139, 8054, 10.1021/jacs.7b01779 Cheong, 2020, Fast detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA via the integration of plasmonic thermocycling and fluorescence detection in a portable device, Nat. Biomed. Eng., 4, 1159, 10.1038/s41551-020-00654-0 Wu, 2021, A rapid and sensitive fluorescence biosensor based on plasmonic PCR, Nanoscale, 13, 7348, 10.1039/D1NR00102G Jiang, 2021, Plasmonic colorimetric PCR for Rapid molecular diagnostic assays, Sensor. Actuator. B Chem., 337, 10.1016/j.snb.2021.129762 Blumenfeld, 2022, Multiplexed reverse-transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction using plasmonic nanoparticles for point-of-care COVID-19 diagnosis, Nat. Nanotechnol., 17, 984, 10.1038/s41565-022-01175-4 Mohammadyousef, 2021, Plasmonic and label-free real-time quantitative PCR for point-of-care diagnostics, Analyst, 146, 5619, 10.1039/D0AN02496A Baffou, 2013, Photoinduced heating of nanoparticle arrays, ACS Nano, 7, 6478, 10.1021/nn401924n Politano, 2016, When plasmonics meets membrane technology, J. Phys. Condens. Matter, 28, 10.1088/0953-8984/28/36/363003 Striebel, 2017, Absorption and extinction cross sections and photon streamlines in the optical near-field, Sci. Rep., 7, 10.1038/s41598-017-15528-w Shafiqa, 2018, Nanoparticle optical properties: size dependence of a single gold spherical nanoparticle, J. Phys. Conf. Ser., 1083, 10.1088/1742-6596/1083/1/012040 Kang, 2021, Ultrafast and real-time nanoplasmonic on-chip polymerase chain reaction for rapid and quantitative molecular diagnostics, ACS Nano, 15, 10194, 10.1021/acsnano.1c02154 Shang, 2017, In situ characterization of protein adsorption onto nanoparticles by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, Acc. Chem. Res., 50, 387, 10.1021/acs.accounts.6b00579 Chen, 2020, Thermal optofluidics: principles and applications, Adv. Opt. Mater., 8 Lee, 2020, Nanoplasmonic on-chip PCR for rapid precision molecular diagnostics, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 12, 12533, 10.1021/acsami.9b23591 Kang, 2023, Ultrafast plasmonic nucleic acid amplification and real-time quantification for decentralized molecular diagnostics, ACS Nano, 17, 6507, 10.1021/acsnano.2c11831 Son, 2016, Rapid optical cavity PCR, Adv. Healthcare Mater., 5, 167, 10.1002/adhm.201500708 Cho, 2019, Nanophotonic cell lysis and polymerase chain reaction with gravity-driven cell enrichment for rapid detection of pathogens, ACS Nano, 13, 13866, 10.1021/acsnano.9b04685 Amadeh, 2021, Improving the performance of a photonic PCR system using TiO2 nanoparticles, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 94, 195, 10.1016/j.jiec.2020.10.036 Arndt, 1981, Laser therapy, J. Am. Acad. Dermatol., 5, 649, 10.1016/S0190-9622(81)70125-7 Gu, 2021, Heat generation in irradiated gold nanoparticle solutions for hyperthermia applications, Processes, 9, 368, 10.3390/pr9020368 Zhou, 2017, Extending the frequency range of surface plasmon polariton mode with meta-material, Nano-Micro Lett., 9, 9, 10.1007/s40820-016-0110-8 Ma, 2013, Study of the thermal, electrical and thermoelectric properties of metallic nanofilms, Int. J. Heat Mass Tran., 58, 639, 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2012.11.025 Nagpal, 2009, Ultrasmooth patterned metals for plasmonics and metamaterials, Science, 325, 594, 10.1126/science.1174655 Perera, 2021, Understanding the adsorption of peptides and proteins onto PEGylated gold nanoparticles, Molecules, 26, 5788, 10.3390/molecules26195788 Cao, 2014, Gold nanorod-based localized surface plasmon resonance biosensors: a review, Sensor. Actuator. B Chem., 195, 332, 10.1016/j.snb.2014.01.056 Shajari, 2017, Synthesis and tuning of gold nanorods with surface plasmon resonance, Opt. Mater., 64, 376, 10.1016/j.optmat.2017.01.004 Weng, 2021, Multipole plasmon resonance in gold nanobipyramid: effects of tip shape and size, Phys. Lett., 412, 10.1016/j.physleta.2021.127577 Mayerhöfer, 2020, The bouguer‐beer‐lambert law: shining light on the obscure, ChemPhysChem, 21, 2029, 10.1002/cphc.202000464 Oshina, 2021, Beer–Lambert law for optical tissue diagnostics: current state of the art and the main limitations, J. Biomed. Opt., 26, 10.1117/1.JBO.26.10.100901 Custom Conjugated Gold Nanoparticles - NanopartzTM, (website). https://www.nanopartz.com/research_gold_nanoparticles.asp. (accessed August 16, 2023). Haiss, 2007, Determination of size and concentration of gold nanoparticles from UV−Vis spectra, Anal. Chem., 79, 4215, 10.1021/ac0702084 Lu, 2012, Determination of the concentration and the average number of gold atoms in a gold nanoparticle by osmotic pressure, Langmuir, 28, 9282, 10.1021/la300893e Shang, 2014, Nanoparticle counting: towards accurate determination of the molar concentration, Chem. Soc. Rev., 43, 7267, 10.1039/C4CS00128A Storhoff, 2002, Sequence-dependent stability of DNA-modified gold nanoparticles, Langmuir, 18, 6666, 10.1021/la0202428 Suk, 2016, PEGylation as a strategy for improving nanoparticle-based drug and gene delivery, Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev., 99, 28, 10.1016/j.addr.2015.09.012 Klekotko, 2017, Photothermal stability of biologically and chemically synthesized gold nanoprisms, J. Nanoparticle Res., 19, 327, 10.1007/s11051-017-4027-z Huang, 2020, Light energy conversion surface with gold dendritic nanoforests/Si chip for plasmonic polymerase chain reaction, Sensors, 20 K. Shrestha, S. Kim, J. Han, G.M. Florez, H. Truong, T. Hoang, S. Parajuli, T. Am, B. Kim, Y. Jung, A.T. Abafogi, Y. Lee, S.H. Song, J. Lee, S. Park, M. Kang, H.J. Huh, G. Cho, L.P. Lee, Mobile Efficient Diagnostics of Infectious Diseases via, 2302072 (2023) 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202302072. Nabuti, 2023, Highly efficient photonic PCR system based on plasmonic heating of gold nanofilms, Biosens. Bioelectron. X., 14 Jalili, 2021, A plasmonic gold nanofilm-based microfluidic chip for rapid and inexpensive droplet-based photonic PCR, Sci. Rep., 11, 1, 10.1038/s41598-021-02535-1 Lee, 2022, Rapid membrane-based photothermal PCR for disease detection, Sensor. Actuator. B Chem., 360, 10.1016/j.snb.2022.131554 Tsao, 2007, Low temperature bonding of PMMA and COC microfluidic substrates using UV/ozone surface treatment, Lab Chip, 7, 499, 10.1039/b618901f Bae, 2022, Surface modification of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation and IPA rinsing, Micromachines, 13, 10.3390/mi13111952 Fu, 2010, Effect of UV-ozone treatment on poly(dimethylsiloxane) membranes: surface characterization and gas separation performance, Langmuir, 26, 4392, 10.1021/la903445x Yu, 2015, Low temperature and deformation-free bonding of PMMA microfluidic devices with stable hydrophilicity via oxygen plasma treatment and PVA coating, RSC Adv., 5, 8377, 10.1039/C4RA12771D Tony, 2023, A preliminary experimental study of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-To-PDMS bonding using oxygen plasma treatment incorporating isopropyl alcohol, Polymers, 15, 1006, 10.3390/polym15041006 Christensen, 2007, PCR biocompatibility of lab-on-a-chip and MEMS materials, J. Micromech. Microeng., 17, 1527, 10.1088/0960-1317/17/8/015 Meng, 2021, Study on autofluorescence characteristics of micro droplet digital PCR chip, 7 Piruska, 2005, The autofluorescence of plastic materials and chips measured under laser irradiation, Lab Chip, 5, 1348, 10.1039/b508288a Dong, 2021, Rapid PCR powered by microfluidics: a quick review under the background of COVID-19 pandemic, TrAC, Trends Anal. Chem., 143, 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116377 Choi, 2015, Chemical etching and patterning of copper, silver, and gold films at low temperatures, ECS J. Solid State Sci. Technol., 4, N3084, 10.1149/2.0111501jss Van Dorp, 2008, A critical literature review of focused electron beam induced deposition, J. Appl. Phys., 104, 10.1063/1.2977587 Slepička, 2020, Methods of gold and silver nanoparticles preparation, Materials (Basel), 13 Lake, 2015, Microfluidic device design, fabrication, and testing protocols, Protoc. Exch., 10.1038/protex.2015.069 Santhosh, 2022, Green synthesis of gold nanoparticles: an eco-friendly approach, Chemistry (Easton)., 4, 345 Gautam, 2012, Biocompatibility of polymethylmethacrylate resins used in dentistry, J. Biomed. Mater. Res. Part B Appl. Biomater, 100B, 1444, 10.1002/jbm.b.32673 Miranda, 2022, Properties and applications of PDMS for biomedical engineering: a review, J. Funct. Biomater., 13 Shakeri, 2021, Conventional and emerging strategies for the fabrication and functionalization of PDMS-based microfluidic devices, Lab Chip, 21, 3053, 10.1039/D1LC00288K Nguyen, 2022, Multilayer soft photolithography fabrication of microfluidic devices using a custom-built wafer-scale PDMS slab aligner and cost-efficient equipment, Micromachines, 13, 10.3390/mi13081357 Chen, 2012, Photolithographic surface micromachining of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), Lab Chip, 12, 391, 10.1039/C1LC20721K Jenkins, 2013, Rapid prototyping of PDMS devices using SU-8 lithography, 153 Shinohara, 2007, Low-temperature direct bonding of poly(methyl methacrylate) for polymer microchips, IEEJ Trans. Electr. Electron. Eng., 2, 301, 10.1002/tee.20157 Hassanpour-Tamrin, 2021, A simple and low-cost approach for irreversible bonding of polymethylmethacrylate and polydimethylsiloxane at room temperature for high-pressure hybrid microfluidics, Sci. Rep., 11, 4821, 10.1038/s41598-021-83011-8 Madadi, 2023, A simple solvent-assisted method for thermal bonding of large-surface, multilayer PMMA microfluidic devices, Sensors Actuators A Phys, 349, 10.1016/j.sna.2022.114077 Tolstik, 2012, 84290W Herizchi, 2016, Current methods for synthesis of gold nanoparticles, Artif. Cells, Nanomedicine Biotechnol, 44, 596 Mikhailova, 2021, Gold nanoparticles: biosynthesis and potential of biomedical application, J. Funct. Biomater., 12, 70, 10.3390/jfb12040070 Briskey, 1997, National Mineral-Resource Assessment: the 1996 estimate of undiscovered gold, silver, copper, lead, and zinc remaining in the United States, Revised, 19 Allan-Blitz, 2022, vol. 10 Rao, 2020, Challenges and opportunities in the recovery of gold from electronic waste, RSC Adv., 10, 4300, 10.1039/C9RA07607G Chong, 2013, Plasmonic resonance-enhanced local photothermal energy deposition by aluminum nanoparticles, J. Nanoparticle Res., 15, 10.1007/s11051-013-1678-2 Cai, 2018, Strong photothermal effect of plasmonic Pt nanoparticles for efficient degradation of volatile organic compounds under solar light irradiation, ACS Appl. Nano Mater., 1, 6368, 10.1021/acsanm.8b01578 Ou, 2016, Photothermal therapy by using titanium oxide nanoparticles, Nano Res., 9, 1236, 10.1007/s12274-016-1019-8 Tanjaya, 2022, Photothermal heating and heat transfer analysis of anodic aluminum oxide with high optical absorptance, Nanophotonics, 11, 3375, 10.1515/nanoph-2022-0244 Lagos, 2022, Carbon-based materials in photodynamic and photothermal therapies applied to tumor destruction, Int. J. Mol. Sci., 23 Chen, 2017, Reduced graphene oxide dispersed nanofluids with improved photo-thermal conversion performance for direct absorption solar collectors, Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells, 163, 125, 10.1016/j.solmat.2017.01.024 Balou, 2022, Carbon dots for photothermal applications, Front. Chem., 10, 10.3389/fchem.2022.1023602 Popov, 2019, Laser- synthesized TiN nanoparticles as promising plasmonic alternative for biomedical applications, Sci. Rep., 9, 1194, 10.1038/s41598-018-37519-1 Dasog, 2022, Transition metal nitrides are heating up the field of plasmonics, Chem. Mater., 34, 4249, 10.1021/acs.chemmater.2c00305 Karaballi, 2020, Photothermal transduction efficiencies of plasmonic group 4 metal nitride nanocrystals, Langmuir, 36, 5058, 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b03975 O’Neill, 2021, Ultrafast photoinduced heat generation by plasmonic HfN nanoparticles, Adv. Opt. Mater., 9 He, 2023, Functional carbon from nature: biomass‐derived carbon materials and the recent progress of their applications, Adv. Sci. Ko, 2004, Production of activated carbons from waste tire – process design and economical analysis, Waste Manag., 24, 875, 10.1016/j.wasman.2004.03.006 Saleh, 2014, Processing methods, characteristics and adsorption behavior of tire derived carbons: a review, Adv. Colloid Interface Sci., 211, 93, 10.1016/j.cis.2014.06.006 Ioannidou, 2007, Agricultural residues as precursors for activated carbon production—a review, Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., 11, 1966, 10.1016/j.rser.2006.03.013 Geng, 2018, NIR-responsive carbon dots for efficient photothermal cancer therapy at low power densities, Carbon N. Y., 134, 153, 10.1016/j.carbon.2018.03.084 Zuo, 2022, Experimental investigation on photothermal conversion properties of collagen solution-based carbon black nanofluid, Case Stud. Therm. Eng., 38, 10.1016/j.csite.2022.102371 Jiang, 2013, Mass-based photothermal comparison among gold nanocrystals, PbS nanocrystals, organic dyes, and carbon black, J. Phys. Chem. C, 117, 8909, 10.1021/jp400770x Chhetri, 2023, Flexible graphite nanoflake/polydimethylsiloxane nanocomposites with promising solar–thermal conversion performance, ACS Appl. Energy Mater., 6, 2582, 10.1021/acsaem.2c04054 Kosinska, 2021, Use of biodegradable colloids and carbon black nanofluids for solar energy applications, AIP Adv., 11, 10.1063/5.0053258 Jirimali, 2022, Nano-structured carbon: its synthesis from renewable agricultural sources and important applications, Materials (Basel), 15, 3969, 10.3390/ma15113969 Kumar, 2021, Natural materials—interesting candidates for carbon nanomaterials, Phys. Chem., 1, 4 Gómez-Hernández, 2019, High yield and simple one-step production of carbon black nanoparticles from waste tires, Heliyon, 5, 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02139 Sabourin, 1996, Biodegradation of dimethylsilanediol in soils, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 62, 4352, 10.1128/aem.62.12.4352-4360.1996 Lehmann, 1994, Degradation of silicone polymers in soil, Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 13, 1061, 10.1002/etc.5620130707 Griessbach, 1999, Degradation of polydimethylsiloxane fluids, Chemosphere, 38, 1461, 10.1016/S0045-6535(98)00548-7 Lin, 2021, PDMS microfabrication and design for microfluidics and sustainable energy application: review, Micromachines, 12, 1350, 10.3390/mi12111350 Wan, 2017, Recycled polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) microfluidic devices, Sensor. Actuator. B Chem., 253, 738, 10.1016/j.snb.2017.07.011 Lausecker, 2015, Natural shellac for green microfluidic applications, 1680 Bressan, 2020, Low-cost and simple FDM-based 3D-printed microfluidic device for the synthesis of metallic core–shell nanoparticles, SN Appl. Sci., 2, 1, 10.1007/s42452-020-2768-2 Hamedi, 2016, Coated and uncoated cellophane as materials for microplates and open-channel microfluidics devices, Lab Chip, 16, 3885, 10.1039/C6LC00975A Qiu, 2015, An integrated, cellulose membrane-based PCR chamber, Microsyst. Technol., 21, 841, 10.1007/s00542-014-2123-x Lausecker, 2016, Introducing natural thermoplastic shellac to microfluidics: a green fabrication method for point-of-care devices, Biomicrofluidics, 10, 10.1063/1.4955062 Ongaro, 2020, Polylactic is a sustainable, low absorption, low autofluorescence alternative to other plastics for microfluidic and organ-on-chip applications, Anal. Chem., 92, 6693, 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c00651 Abbasi Moud, 2022, Cellulose through the lens of microfluidics: a review, Appl. Biosci., 1, 1, 10.3390/applbiosci1010001 Kim, 2023, Inkjet-printed polyelectrolyte seed layer-based, customizable, transparent, ultrathin gold electrodes and facile implementation of photothermal effect, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 15, 20508, 10.1021/acsami.3c01160 Shigemori, 2023, Evaluation of cellophane as platform for colorimetric assays on microfluidic analytical devices, Microchim. Acta, 190, 10.1007/s00604-022-05622-w Natarajan, 2006, 3D ceramic microfluidic device manufacturing, J. Phys. Conf. Ser., 34, 533, 10.1088/1742-6596/34/1/088 Piotter, 2011, Powder injection moulding of metallic and ceramic micro parts, Microsyst. Technol., 17, 251, 10.1007/s00542-011-1274-2 Li, 2021, IR transparent ceramic microfluidic chips produced by powder injection molding, Res. Dev. Mater. Sci., 15 Masato, 2022, Texturing technologies for plastics injection molding: a review, Micromachines, 13, 1211, 10.3390/mi13081211 Lee, 2018, Fundamentals of rapid injection molding for microfluidic cell-based assays, Lab Chip, 18, 496, 10.1039/C7LC01052D Tranter, 2017, Towards sustainable injection molding of ABS plastic products, J. Manuf. Process., 29, 399, 10.1016/j.jmapro.2017.08.015 Madan, 2015, Energy performance evaluation and improvement of unit-manufacturing processes: injection molding case study, J. Clean. Prod., 105, 157, 10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.09.060 Miller, 2013, Sustainable polymers: opportunities for the next decade, ACS Macro Lett., 2, 550, 10.1021/mz400207g Vassallo, 2020, The impact of polymer selection and recycling on the sustainability of injection moulded parts, Procedia CIRP, 90, 504, 10.1016/j.procir.2020.01.118 Liu, 2016, Sustainability of 3D printing: a critical review and recommendations, vol. 2 Hiltunen, 2018, Roll-to-roll fabrication of integrated PDMS-paper microfluidics for nucleic acid amplification, Lab Chip, 18, 1552, 10.1039/C8LC00269J Habermehl, 2017, Lab-on-Chip, surface-enhanced Raman analysis by aerosol jet printing and roll-to-roll hot embossing, Sensors, 17, 2401, 10.3390/s17102401 Smolka, 2018, High throughput roll-to-roll production of microfluidic chips, 1054 Santaolalla, 2023, Sustainable mold biomachining for the manufacturing of microfluidic devices, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 120, 332, 10.1016/j.jiec.2022.12.040 Fernandez, 2022, Increasing the sustainability of the hybrid mold technique through combined insert polymeric material and additive manufacturing method design, Sustainability, 14, 877, 10.3390/su14020877 Kang, 2018, Inkjet-printed biofunctional thermo-plasmonic interfaces for patterned neuromodulation, ACS Nano, 12, 1128, 10.1021/acsnano.7b06617 Bae, 2010, Roll-to-roll production of 30-inch graphene films for transparent electrodes, Nat. Nanotechnol., 5, 574, 10.1038/nnano.2010.132 Waheed, 2016, 3D printed microfluidic devices: enablers and barriers, Lab Chip, 16, 1993, 10.1039/C6LC00284F Prabhakar, 2021, 3D-Printed microfluidics and potential biomedical applications, Front. Nanotechnol., 3, 10.3389/fnano.2021.609355 Liedert, 2020, Roll-to-Roll manufacturing of integrated immunodetection sensors, ACS Sens., 5, 2010, 10.1021/acssensors.0c00404 Jeong, 2023, Continuous patterning of silver nanowire-polyvinylpyrrolidone composite transparent conductive film by a roll-to-roll selective calendering process, Nanomaterials, 13 Hassan, 2015, A feasibility study of roll to roll printing on graphene, Appl. Mech. Mater., 799, 402, 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.799-800.402 Noh, 2010, Scalability of roll-to-roll gravure-printed electrodes on plastic foils, IEEE Trans. Electron. Packag. Manuf., 33, 275, 10.1109/TEPM.2010.2057512 Farrar, 2015, Extreme PCR: efficient and specific DNA amplification in 15–60 seconds, Clin. Chem., 61, 145, 10.1373/clinchem.2014.228304 Tang, 2018, Calculation extinction cross sections and molar attenuation coefficient of small gold nanoparticles and experimental observation of their UV–vis spectral properties, Spectrochim. Acta Part A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc., 191, 513, 10.1016/j.saa.2017.10.047 Custom Conjugated Gold Nanoparticles - Nanopartz Shen, 2021, LED light improved by an optical filter to visible solar-like light with high color rendering, Coatings, 11, 763, 10.3390/coatings11070763 Dunkern, 2001, Ultraviolet light-induced DNA damage triggers apoptosis in nucleotide excision repair-deficient cells via Bcl-2 decline and caspase-3/-8 activation, Oncogene, 20, 6026, 10.1038/sj.onc.1204754 Yam, 2005, Innovative advances in LED technology, Microelectron. J., 36, 129, 10.1016/j.mejo.2004.11.008 Guo, 2021, Non-toxic near-infrared light-emitting diodes, iScience, 24, 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102545 Cho, 2018, Integrated Molecular Diagnostic Platform, ProQuest Diss. Theses., 109 Chen, 2012, Estimation of optical power and heat-dissipation coefficient for the photo-electro-thermal theory for LED systems, IEEE Trans. Power Electron., 27, 2176, 10.1109/TPEL.2011.2165736 Lee, 2018, A study on the measurement and prediction of LED junction temperature, Int. J. Heat Mass Tran., 127, 1243, 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2018.07.091 Ongaro, 2022, Engineering a sustainable future for point-of-care diagnostics and single-use microfluidic devices, Lab Chip, 22, 3122, 10.1039/D2LC00380E