Phân bố và bảo tồn thực vật ở các vùng đất ngập nước tĩnh lặng của các hòn đảo Địa Trung Hải: có nhiều hơn là các loài thủy sinh

Biodiversity and Conservation - Trang 1-20 - 2024
Mauro Fois1, Alba Cuena-Lombraña1, Mathieu Artufel2, Vincent Attard3, Salvatore Cambria4, Krista Farrugia3, Michela Marignani1, Pietro Minissale4, Andrea Pace5, Saverio Sciandrello4, Eva Tankovic2, Gianluigi Bacchetta1
1Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
2INITIATIVE PIM pour les Petites Iles de Méditerranée, Marseille, France
3Nature Trust Malta, Wied Ghollieqa Environment Centre, Msida, Malta
4Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
5Adi Associates Environmental Consultants Ltd, Kappara Business Centre, San Gwann, Malta

Tóm tắt

Nghiên cứu này điều tra phân bố và tình trạng bảo tồn của các loài thực vật ở các vùng đất ngập nước tĩnh lặng của các hòn đảo Địa Trung Hải. Dữ liệu thực địa về thực vật mạch máu đã được thu thập từ các cơ sở dữ liệu quốc gia trực tuyến của "Bảo tồn các vùng đất ngập nước của các hòn đảo thuộc lưu vực Địa Trung Hải" (MedIsWet). Một bảng tổng hợp toàn diện về các vùng đất ngập nước đã được thực hiện, và thông tin về các tác động nhân chủng chính và các ưu tiên bảo tồn đã được biên soạn. Ngoài tất cả các loài thực vật thủy sinh ẩm và thủy sinh, chúng tôi đã giữ lại thông tin về những loài thực vật thường thích nghi với môi trường có độ ẩm gián đoạn hoặc tạm thời. Một khoảng trống kiến thức đáng kể về phân bố và bảo tồn các loài thực vật ở các vùng đất ngập nước Địa Trung Hải đã được phát hiện. Tỷ lệ đặc hữu thấp hơn được quan sát thấy đặc biệt ở các vùng đất ngập nước ven biển. Tuy nhiên, khoảng 25% các loài, chủ yếu có phân bố tương đối rộng, đã được xác định là bị đe dọa hoặc có tình trạng bảo tồn không rõ ràng. Việc bao gồm tất cả các loài thực vật thủy sinh thích ứng với độ ẩm theo mùa là rất quan trọng khi xem xét nỗ lực bảo tồn các vùng đất ngập nước. Nghiên cứu nhấn mạnh tầm quan trọng của việc xem xét các loại vùng đất ngập nước khác nhau, bao gồm mùa vụ và thường xuyên, tự nhiên và nhân tạo, để bảo tồn thực vật một cách hiệu quả. Các vùng đất ngập nước nhân tạo xuất hiện như là những nơi sống tiềm năng với giá trị bảo tồn đa dạng sinh học đáng kể. Nghiên cứu này cung cấp một bảng tổng hợp toàn diện về các vùng đất ngập nước và những hiểu biết quý giá về phân bố, sinh thái và sự liên quan đến bảo tồn của các loài thực vật thuỷ sinh trên các hòn đảo Địa Trung Hải. Nghiên cứu nâng cao hiểu biết của chúng ta về các mẫu hình và quy trình sinh địa lý, cung cấp thông tin quan trọng cho việc quản lý và bảo tồn các vùng đất ngập nước của các hòn đảo Địa Trung Hải, và trình bày một phương pháp có thể lặp lại, có thể áp dụng cho các bối cảnh vùng đất ngập nước khác.

Từ khóa

#thực vật #bảo tồn #vùng đất ngập nước tĩnh lặng #Địa Trung Hải #đa dạng sinh học

Tài liệu tham khảo

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