Bashan Y (1986) Migration of the rhizosphere bacteria Azospirillum brasilense and Pseudomonas fluorescens towards wheat roots in the soil. J. Gen. Microbiol. 132:3407–3414
Beattie GA & Lindow SE (1994) Survival, growth and localization of epiphytic tness mutants of Pseudomonas syringae on leaves. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 60:3790–3798
Bloemberg GV, Wijfjes AHM, Lamers GEM, Stuurman N & Lugtenberg BJJ (2000) Simultaneous imaging of Pseudomo-nas fluorescens WCS365 populations expressing three differ-ent autofluorescent proteins in the rhizosphere:New perspectives for studying microbial communities. Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. 13:1170–1176
Buell CR & Anderson AJ (1992) Genetic analysis of the aggA locus involved in agglutination and adherence of Pseudomo-nas putida, a beneficial fluorescent pseudomonad. Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. 5:154–162
Bull CT, Weller DM & Thomashow LS (1991) Relationship between root colonisation and suppression of Gaeumanno-myces graminis var. tritici by Pseudomonas fluorescens strain 2-79. Phytopathol. 81:954–959
Chin-A-Woeng TFC, Bloemberg GV, Mulders IHM, Dekkers LC & Lugtenberg BJJ (2000) Root colonisation is essential for biocontrol of tomato foot and root rot by the phenazine-1-carboxamide-producing bacterium Pseudomonas chlorora-phis PCL1391. Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. 13:1340–1345
Davey ME & O'Toole GA (2000) Microbial bio lms:From ecology to molecular genetics. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 64: 847–867
DeFlaun MF, Tanzer AS, McAteer AL, Marshall B & Levy SB (1990) Development of an adhesion assay and characteriza-tion of an adhesion-de cient mutant of Pseudomonas fluo-rescens. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 56:112–119
DeFlaun MF, Marshall B, Kulle E-P & Levy SB (1994) Tn5 insertion mutants of Pseudomonas fluorescens defective in adhesion to soil and seeds. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 60: 2637–2642.
Dekkers LC, Bloemendaal CJ, de Weger LA, Wijffelman CA, Spaink HP & Lugtenberg BJJ (1998a) A two-component system plays an important role in the root-colonising ability of Pseudomonas fluorescens strain WCS365. Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. 11:45–56
Dekkers LC, Phoelich CC, van der Fits L & Lugtenberg BJJ (1998b) A site-speci c recombinase is required for compet-itive root colonisation by Pseudomonas fluorescens WCS365. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95:7051–7056
de Weger LA, van der Vlugt CI, Wijfjes AH, Bakker PA, Schippers B & Lugtenberg BJJ (1987) Flagella of a plant-growth-stimulating Pseudomonas fluorescens strain are re-quired for colonisation of potato roots. J. Bacteriol. 169: 2769–2773
Dörr J, Hurek T & Reinhold-Hurek B (1998) Type IV pili are involved in plant-microbe and fungus-microbe interactions. Mol. Microbiol. 30:7–17
Drenkard E & Ausubel FM (2002) Pseudomonas biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance are linked to phenotypic variation. Nature 416:740–743
Duvick JP, Rood T, Rao AG & Marshak DR (1992) Puri-cation and characterization of a novel antimicrobial peptide from maize (Zea mays L. ) kernels. J. Biol. Chem. 267:18814–18820
Ercolani GL (1991) Distribution of epiphytic bacteria on olive leaves and the influence of leaf age and sampling time. Microb. Ecol. 21:35–48
Espinosa-Urgel M & Ramos JL (2001) A Pseudomonas putida aminotransferase involved in lysine catabolism is induced in the rhizosphere. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 67:5219–5224
Espinosa-Urgel M, Salido A & Ramos JL (2000) Genetic analysis of functions involved in adhesion of Pseudomonas putida to seeds. J. Bacteriol. 182:2363–2369
Espinosa-Urgel M, Kolter R & Ramos JL (2002) Root colonisation by Pseudomonas putida:Love at rst sight. Microbiology 148:341–343
Girón JA, Torres AG, Freer E & Kaper JB (2002) The flagella of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli mediate adherence to epithelial cells. Mol. Microbiol. 44:361–379
Grall S & Manceau C (2003) Colonisation of Vitis vinifera by a green fluorescence protein-labeled gfp-marked strain of Xylophus ampelinus, the causal agent of bacterial necrosis of grapevine. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 69:1904–1912
Hinsa SM, Espinosa-Urgel M, Ramos JL & O'Toole GA (2003) Transition from reversible to irreversible attachment during bio lm formation by Pseudomonas fluorescens requires an ABC transporter and a large secreted protein. Mol. Micro-biol. 49:905–918
Hirano SS & Upper CD (2000) Bacteria in the leaf ecosystem with emphasis on Pseudomonas syringaen –a pathogen, ice nucleus and epiphyte. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 64:624–653
Kageyama K & Nelson EB (2003) Differential inactivation of seed exudate stimulation of Pythium ultimum sporangium germination by Enterobacter cloacae influences biological control efficacy on different plant species. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 69:1114–1120
Kremer RJ & Souissi T (2001) Cyanide production by rhizobacteria and potential for suppression of weed seedling growth. Curr. Microbiol. 43:182–186
Lindemann J & Upper CD (1985) Aerial dispersal of epiphytic bacteria over bean plants. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 50: 1229–1232
Lindow SE, Andersen G & Beattie GA (1993) Characteristics of insertional mutants of Pseudomonas syringae with reduced epiphytic tness. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 59:1593–1601
Lugtenberg BJJ, Kravchenko LV & Simons M (1999) Tomato seed and root exudate sugars:Composition, utilisation by Pseudomonas biocontrol strains and role in rhizosphere colonisation. Environ. Microbiol. 1:439–446
Lugtenberg BJJ, Dekkers L & Bloemberg GV (2001) Molecular determinants of rhizosphere colonisation by Pseudomonas. Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. 39:461–490
Mercier J & Lindow SE (2000) Role of leaf surface sugars in colonisation of plants by bacterial epiphytes. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 66:369–374
Molina L, Ramos C, Duque E, Ronchel MC, Garcí JM, Wyke L & Ramos JL (2000) Survival of Pseudomonas putida KT2440 in soil and in the rhizosphere of plants under greenhouse and environmental conditions. Soil Biol. Bio-chem. 32:315–321
O'Toole GA & Kolter R (1998a) Initiation of bio lm formation in Pseudomonas fluorescens WCS365 proceeds via multiple, convergent signaling pathways:A genetic analysis. Mol. Microbiol. 28:449–461
O'Toole GA & Kolter R (1998b) Flagellar and twitching motility are necessary for Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm development. Mol. Microbiol. 30:295–304
O'Toole GA, Gibbs KA, Hager PW, Phibbs Jr PV & Kolter R (2000) The global carbon metabolism regulator Crc is a component of a signal transduction pathway required for bio lm development by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J. Bacte-riol. 182:425–431
Parsek MR & Greenberg EP (2000) Acyl-homoserine lactone quorum sensing in Gram-negative bacteria:A signaling mechanism involved in associations with higher organisms. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97:8789–8793
Poole K & Braun V (1988) Iron regulation of Serratia marcescens hemolysin gene expression. Infect. Immun. 56: 2967–2971
Poole K, Schiebel E & Braun V (1988) Molecular character-ization of the hemolysin determinant of Serratia marcescens. J. Bacteriol. 170:3177–3188
Pratt LA & Kolter R (1998) Genetic analysis of Escherichia coli bio lm formation: Roles of flagella, motility, chemotaxis and type I pili. Mol. Microbiol. 30:285–293
Ramos C, Molbak L & Molin S (2000) Bacterial activity in the rhizosphere analyzed at the single-cell level by monitoring ribosome contents and synthesis rates. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 66:801–809
Riedel K, Hentzer M, Geisenberger O, Huber B, Steidle A, Wu H, Hoiby N, Givskov M, Molin, S & Eberl L (2001) N-acylhomoserine-lactone-mediated communication between Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Burkholderia cepacia in mixed biofilms. Microbiology 147:3249–3262
Roberts DP, Dery PD & Hartung JS (1996a) Peptide utilisation and colonisation of corn, radish and wheat spermospheres by Enterobacter cloacae. Soil Biol. Biochem. 28:1109–1111
Roberts DP, Marty AM, Dery, PD, Yucel I & Hartung JS (1996b) Amino acids as reduced carbon sources for Entero-bacter cloacae during colonisation of the spermosphere of crop plants. Soil Biol. Biochem. 28:1015–1020
Roberts DP, Dery PD, Yucel I, Buyer J, Holtman MA & Kobayashi DY (1999) Role of pfkA and general carbohy-drate catabolism in seed colonisation by Enterobacter cloa-cae. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 65:2513–2519
Sabaratnam S & Beattie GW (2003) Differences between Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae B728a and Pantoea agglomerans BRT98 in epiphytic and endophytic colonisation of leaves. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 69:1220–1228
Steidle A, Sigl K, Schuhegger R, Ihring A, Schmid M, Gantner S, Stoffels M, Riedel K, Givskov M, Hartmann A, Lange-bartels C & Eberl L (2001) Visualization of N-acylhomoser-ine lactone-mediated cell-cell communication between bacteria colonising the tomato rhizosphere. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 67:5761–5770
Suoniemi A, Björklöf K, Haahtela K & Romantschuk M(1995) Pili of Pseudomonas syringae pathovar syringae enhance initiation of bacterial epiphytic colonisation of bean. Micro-biology 141:497–503
Thomashow LS (1996) Biological control of plant root patho-gens. Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. 7:343–347
Tombolini R, van der Gaag DJ, Gerhardson B & Jansson JK (1999) Colonisation pattern of the biocontrol strain Pseudo-monas chlororaphis MA342 on barley seeds visualized by using green fluorescent protein. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 65:3674–3680
Turnbull GA, Morgan JAW, Whipps JM & Saunders JR (2001a) The role of motility in the in vitro attachment of Pseudomonas putida PaW8 to wheat roots. FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. 35:57–65
Turnbull GA, Morgan JAW, Whipps JM & Saunders JR (2001b) The role of bacterial motility in the survival and spread of Pseudomonas fluorescens in soil and in the attachment and colonisation of wheat roots. FEMS Micro-biol. Ecol. 36:21–31
Van Bastelaere E, Lambrecht M, Vermeiren H, Van Dommelen A, Keijers V, Proost P & Vanderleyden J (1999) Character-ization of a sugar-binding protein from Azospirillum brasi-lense mediating chemotaxis to and uptake of sugars. Mol. Microbiol. 32:703–714
Van cura V (1980) Fluorescent pseudomonads in the rhizo-sphere of plants and their relation to root exudates. Folia Microbiol. 25:168–173
Vande Broek A & Vanderleyden J (1995) The role of bacterial motility, chemotaxis, and attachment in bacteria-plant inter-actions. Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. 8:800–810
Vande Broek A, Lambrecht M & Vanderleyden J (1998) Bacterial chemotactic motility is important for the initiation of wheat root colonisation by Azospirillum brasilense. Micro-biology 144:2599–2606
Warren G & Wolber P (1991) Molecular aspects of microbial ice nucleation. Mol. Microbiol. 5:239–243
Weinhold B (2001) Last call for Lindane. Environ. Health Perspect. 109:A254
Wilson M, Hirano SS & Lindow SE (1999) Location and survival of leaf-associated bacteria in relation to pathogenic-ity and potential of growth within the leaf. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 65:1435–1443