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Nơi của Bất Bình Đẳng, Nơi của Khả Năng: Bản Đồ "Cơ Hội Trong Địa Lý" Qua Các Cộng Đồng Trường Học Đô Thị
Tóm tắt
Trong suốt nhiều thập kỷ, nghiên cứu về địa lý cơ hội đã chỉ ra rằng nơi ở của con người ảnh hưởng đến khả năng tiếp cận các cơ hội, đặc biệt là giáo dục. Hầu hết các nghiên cứu về địa lý cơ hội chủ yếu tập trung vào sự bất bình đẳng không gian giữa các khu phố có cơ hội thấp và cao, điều này đã vô tình tạo ra những góc nhìn hẹp về các khu phố có cơ hội thấp, thường che khuất các tài sản bên trong chúng. Do đó, mục đích của nghiên cứu này là xem xét cái mà tôi gọi là cơ hội trong địa lý, đây là một phương pháp khái niệm và nghiên cứu xem xét lại các cộng đồng đô thị có màu sắc cơ hội thấp không chỉ là những nơi của bất bình đẳng, mà còn là những nơi của khả năng. Để minh họa phương pháp này, nghiên cứu này sử dụng Hệ Thống Thông Tin Địa Lý để lập bản đồ các tài sản thể chế phân bổ trên hai khu phố có cơ hội thấp nhất ở Detroit, Michigan, theo tỷ lệ nghèo đói và đạt được giáo dục. Phát triển cộng đồng dựa trên tài sản được sử dụng để khái niệm hóa nghiên cứu này và để hướng dẫn phân tích. Các phát hiện cho thấy, tổng thể, hai khu phố có cơ hội thấp nhất ở Detroit có tổng cộng 85 tài sản thể chế, bao gồm: 48 nơi thờ phụng, 19 trường học ở cấp K-12, 11 trung tâm cộng đồng, 4 bệnh viện, 2 thư viện, và 1 trường đại học. Nghiên cứu kết thúc với một cuộc thảo luận về những căng thẳng trong công việc này cũng như những ý nghĩa cho chính sách và nghiên cứu trong tương lai.
Từ khóa
#địa lý cơ hội #bất bình đẳng không gian #phát triển cộng đồng dựa trên tài sản #Hệ Thống Thông Tin Địa Lý #cộng đồng đô thịTài liệu tham khảo
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