Những cám dỗ trong việc thực hiện CITES ở Nepal: Phân tích khoảng cách chính sách

Environmental Management - Tập 50 - Trang 181-190 - 2012
Yogesh Dongol1, Joel T. Heinen1
1Department of Earth and Environment, Florida International University, Miami, USA

Tóm tắt

Việc thực hiện chính sách liên quan đến nhiều cơ quan hoạt động ở nhiều cấp độ để tạo điều kiện cho các quy trình và hành động nhằm đạt được kết quả mong muốn. Công ước về Buôn bán Quốc tế các Loài Động, Thực vật Hoang dã Nguy cấp (CITES) được phát triển và thực hiện nhằm điều chỉnh và kiểm soát hoạt động buôn bán động vật hoang dã quốc tế, nhưng việc vi phạm thỏa thuận này đang lan rộng và gia tăng trên toàn cầu, bao gồm cả Nepal. Nghiên cứu này cố gắng hiểu cách mà các chính sách CITES trong nước được biến thành hành động và tác động của các hành động và quy trình đến việc tuân thủ. Qua đó, nghiên cứu này cung cấp cái nhìn về những cạm bẫy trong thực hiện và thi hành pháp luật quốc gia giải thích cho các vi phạm CITES ở Nepal. Chủ yếu, chúng tôi đã sử dụng 26 cuộc phỏng vấn với các chuyên gia để tìm hiểu quan điểm của họ và phương pháp lý thuyết nền tảng cho phân tích dữ liệu định tính thêm. Ngoài ra, chúng tôi đã sử dụng khung phân tích thực hiện chính sách của Najman (1995) để giải thích những khoảng trống. Nhiều biến có liên quan trong nội dung chính sách, cam kết và năng lực của các cơ quan, vai trò của khách hàng và các liên minh cùng với các vấn đề ngữ cảnh đã được quan sát. Các biến nổi lên cho thấy những cạm bẫy trong chính sách quy định thể hiện qua khả năng phát hiện, bắt giữ và xử phạt thấp. Hơn nữa, các chính sách phân phối lại ở các vùng đệm của các khu vực được bảo vệ là cần thiết để tạo lợi ích cho người dân địa phương. Cũng như vậy, sự hỗ trợ của các tổ chức bảo tồn trong việc xây dựng sự chú ý công cộng và chính trị là điều cần thiết.

Từ khóa

#CITES #thực hiện chính sách #vi phạm #Nepal #bảo tồn

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