Phytoremediation: An ecological solution to organic chemical contamination

Anderson, 1993, Bioremediation in the rhizosphere, Environ. Sci. Technol., 27, 2630, 10.1021/es00049a001

Anderson, 1994, Enhanced degradation of a mixture of three herbicides in the rhizosphere of a herbicide-tolerant plant, Chemosphere, 28, 1551, 10.1016/0045-6535(94)90248-8

Bañuelos, G., Ajwa, H.A., Zambrzuski, S., 1998. Is phytoremediation up to the selenium challenge? Soil and Groundwater Cleanup, February/March Issue, pp. 6–10.

Best, 1997, Screening of aquatic and wetland plant species for phytoremediation of explosives-contaminated groundwater for the Iowa Army Ammuntion Plant, Ann. New York Acad. Sci., 829, 179, 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1997.tb48574.x

Burken, 1997, Uptake and metabolism of atrazine by poplar trees, Environ. Sci. Technol., 31, 1399, 10.1021/es960629v

Cataldo, 1989

Chang, 1998, Plant-enhanced subsurface bioremediation of nonvolatile hydrocarbons, J. Environ. Eng., 112, 162, 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(1998)124:2(162)

Cornish, 1995, Phytoremediation of soils contaminated with toxic elements and radionuclides

Cunningham, 1995, Remediation of contaminated soils and sludges by green plants

Curl, 1986

Dec, 1994, Use of plant material for the decontamination of water polluted with phenols, Biotech. Bioeng., 44, 1132, 10.1002/bit.260440915

Donnelly, P.K., Fletcher, J.S., 1994a. Potential use of mycorrhizal fungi as bioremediation agents. In: Anderson, T.A. (Ed.), Bioremediation Through Rhizosphere Technology. American Chemical Society. Symposium Series 563.

Donnelly, 1994, PCB metabolism by ectomycorrhizal fungi, Bull. Environ. Contamn. Toxicol., 54, 507

Dushenkov, 1995, Rhizofiltration: the use of plants to remove heavy metals from aqueous streams, Environ. Sci. Technol., 29, 1239, 10.1021/es00005a015

EPA, 1996. A citizen's guide to phytoremediation, Technology Innovation Office, Washington, D.C.

Ferro, 1994, Hycrest crested wheatgrass accelerates the degradation of pentachlorophenol in soil, J. Environ. Qual., 23, 272, 10.2134/jeq1994.00472425002300020008x

Fletcher, 1995, Release of phenols by perennial plant roots and their potential importance in bioremediation, Chemosphere, 31, 3009, 10.1016/0045-6535(95)00161-Z

Fletcher, 1987, Polychlorobiphenyl (PCB) metabolism by plant cells, Biotech. Lett., 9, 817, 10.1007/BF01028290

Fletcher, 1990, Influence of root exposure concentration on the fate of nitrobenzene in soybean, Chemosphere, 20, 513, 10.1016/0045-6535(90)90108-6

Fletcher, 1993, Potential environmental risks associated with new sulfonylurea herbicides, Environ. Sci. Technol., 27, 2250, 10.1021/es00047a037

Fletcher, 1995, Biostimulation of PCB-degrading bacteria by compounds released from plant roots, 131

Folsom, B.L., Pennington, J.D., Teeter, C.L., Barton, M.R., Bright, J.A., 1998. Effects of soil ph and treatment level of persistence and plant uptake of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene. Technical Report EL-88-22. Vicksburg, MS. US Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station.

Garrison, W., Nzengung, V.A., Avants, J.K., Ellington, J., Wolfe, N.L., 1996. Determining the environmental enantioselectivity of o,p′-DDT and o,p′-DDD, 17th Symposium on Chlorinated Dioxins and Related Compounds, 25–29 August, 1997.

Gatliff, 1994, Vegetative remediation process offers advantages over traditional pump-and-treat technologies, Remediation, 4, 343, 10.1002/rem.3440040307

Godfrey, 1981, 933

Goel, 1997, Plant cell biodegradation of xenobiotic nitrate ester, nitroglycerine, Nature Biotechnol., 15, 174, 10.1038/nbt0297-174

Hughes, 1997, Transformation of TNT by aquatic plants and plant tissue cultures, Environ. Sci. Technol., 31, 266, 10.1021/es960409h

Jones, 1991

Jordahl, 1997, Effect of hybrid poplar trees on microbial populations important to hazardous waste bioremediation, Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 16, 1318, 10.1002/etc.5620160630

Kelley, 1995, Feasibility of using hyperaccumulating plants to bioremediate metal-contaminated soil

Knabel, 1992, Effects of intact rhizosphere microbial communities on the mineralization of surfactants in surface soils, Can. J. Microbiol., 38, 643, 10.1139/m92-105

Licht, 1995, Perennial plant systems using poplar trees for managing priority pollutants at landfills and industrial sites

McFarlane, 1987, The uptake, distribution and metabolism of four organic chemicals by soybean plants and barley roots, Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 6, 847, 10.1897/1552-8618(1987)6[847:TUDAMO]2.0.CO;2

Medina, 1996, Phytoremediation: modeling removal of TNT and its breakdown products, Remediation, 6, 31, 10.1002/rem.3440070105

Medina, V.F., Rivera, R., Larson, S.L., McCutcheon, S.C., 1998. Phytoreactors show promise in treating munitions contaminants. Soil and Groundwater Cleanup, February/March Issue, pp. 19–24.

Moffat, 1995, Plants Proving Worth in Toxic Metal Cleanup, Science, 269, 302, 10.1126/science.269.5222.302

Mueller, W.F., Bedell, G.W., Shojaee, S., Jackson, P.J., 1995. Bioremediation of TNT wastes by higher plants. In: Proceedings of the 9th Annual Conference on Hazardous Waste Research, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS.

Nanda Kumar, 1995, Phytoextraction: the use of plants to remove heavy metals from soil, Environ. Sci. Technol., 29, 1232, 10.1021/es00005a014

Nellessen, 1993, Assessment of published literature on the uptake, accumulation, and translocation of heavy metals by vascular plants, Chemosphere, 27, 669, 10.1016/0045-6535(93)90148-X

Newman, 1997, Uptake and biotransformation of trichloroethylene by hybrid poplars, Environ. Sci. Technol., 31, 1062, 10.1021/es960564w

Palazzo, 1986, Effect and disposition of TNT in a terrestrial plant, J. Environ. Qual., 15, 49, 10.2134/jeq1986.00472425001500010012x

Paterson, 1990, Uptake of organic chemicals by plants: a review of processes, correlations and models, Chemosphere, 21, 297, 10.1016/0045-6535(90)90002-B

Rennels, D., 1995. Aquatic plant-mediated transformation of halogenated aliphatic organic compounds, M.S. Thesis, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA.

Roper, 1996, Using minced horseradish roots for the treatment of polluted waters, J. Environ. Qual., 25, 1242, 10.2134/jeq1996.00472425002500060011x

Roy, 1994, Pentachlorophenol: Uptake/elimination kinetics and metabolism in an aquatic plant, Eichhornia crassipes, Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 13, 763, 10.1002/etc.5620130511

Schnabel, 1997, Uptake and transformation of trichloroethylene by edible garden plants, Wat. Res., 31, 816, 10.1016/S0043-1354(96)00303-X

Schnoor, 1995, Phytoremediation of organic and nutrient contaminants, Environ. Sci. Technol., 29, 318A, 10.1021/es00007a002

Schwab, 1995, Biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in rhizosphere soil

Shimp, 1993, Beneficial effects of plants in the remediation of soil and groundwater contaminated with organic materials, Crit. Rev. Environ. Sci. Technol., 23, 41, 10.1080/10643389309388441

Siciliano, 1998, Bacterial inoculants of forage grasses enhance degradation of 2-chlorobenzoic acid in soil, Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 16, 1098, 10.1002/etc.5620160602

Sikora, F.J., Behrends, L.L., Coonrod, H.S., Phillips, W.D., Bader, D.F., 1998. Phytoremediation of explosives in groundwater using innovative wetlands-based treatment technologies. In: Proceedings of the 12th Annual Conference on Hazardous Waste Research, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, pp. 168–178.

Simonich, 1995, Organic pollutant accumulation in vegetation, Environ. Sci. Technol., 29, 2905, 10.1021/es00012a004

Susarla, S., Bacchus, S.T., Wolfe, N.L., McCutcheon, S.C., 1999. Potential species for phytoremediation of perchlorate. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Report EPA/600/R-99/069, Athens, GA (A Project report submitted to the Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, OH), p. 47.

Strand, S.E., Newman, L., Ruszaj, M., Wilmoth, J., Shurtleff, B., Brandt, M., Choe, N., Ekuan, G., Duffy, J., Massman, J.W., Heilman, P.E., Gordon, M.P., 1995. Removal of trichloroethylene from aquifers using trees. In: Vidic, R.D., Pohland, F.G. (Eds.), Innovative Technologies for Site Remediation and Hazardous Waste Management, Proceedings of the National Conference of the Environmental Engineering Division of the American Society of Civil Engineers, Pittsburgh, PA, New York, NY.

Terry, 1995, Bioremediation of selenium by plant volatilization

Thompson, 1998, Uptake and transformation of TNT by hybrid poplar trees, Environ. Sci. Technol., 32, 975, 10.1021/es970799n

Thompson, 1998, Decreased transpiration in poplar trees exposed to 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 17, 902, 10.1002/etc.5620170519

Topp, 1989, Kinetics of the uptake of 14C-labeled chlorinated benznes from soil by plants, Ecotoxicol. Environ. Safety, 17, 157, 10.1016/0147-6513(89)90034-1

Vanderford, 1997, Phytotransformation of trinitrotoluene and distribution of metabolic products in Myriophyllum aquaticum, Biotechnol. Lett., 19, 277, 10.1023/A:1018370010702

Wang, 1995, Bioremoval of toxic elements with aquatic plants and algae

Watanabe, 1997, Phytoremediation on the brink of commercialization, Environ. Sci. Technol., 31, 182A, 10.1021/es972219s

Young, D.G., 1995. The biochemical remediation of TNT contaminated soil. Ph.D. Dissertation, Auburn University, AL.