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Phản ứng của phù du đối với bức xạ UV mặt trời và sự kết hợp với việc bổ sung dinh dưỡng ở hồ Fuxian oligotrophic trên cao nguyên: một thí nghiệm mesocosm
Tóm tắt
Nhiều yếu tố stress liên quan đến biến đổi toàn cầu đang ảnh hưởng đến thành phần phân loại và sinh khối của phù du ở các hồ trên cao nguyên, chẳng hạn như mức độ bức xạ cực tím (UVR, 280–400 nm) cao hơn và nguy cơ thâm hụt dinh dưỡng. Mặc dù những ảnh hưởng hạn chế của UVR cao đối với phù du thường được công nhận, nhưng hiệu ứng này sẽ bị tác động bởi mức độ UVR biến đổi theo mùa và tình trạng dinh dưỡng. Trong nghiên cứu này, năng suất phù du tại chỗ được đo theo mùa dưới điều kiện bức xạ mặt trời đầy đủ và chỉ có ánh sáng nhìn thấy (bức xạ tích cực quang hợp, PAR) ở hồ Fuxian oligotrophic trên cao nguyên, vùng tây nam Trung Quốc. Để xác định các ảnh hưởng đơn lẻ của UVR và sự bổ sung dinh dưỡng cũng như ảnh hưởng kết hợp của chúng đến cộng đồng phù du, một thí nghiệm mesocosm (1 tháng) đã được thực hiện ngoài trời vào cuối mùa hè (mùa mưa). Thí nghiệm tương tác được thiết kế với hai điều trị bức xạ (UVR + PAR và PAR) và bốn điều trị dinh dưỡng (nước thô, bổ sung nitơ, bổ sung photpho, bổ sung cả nitơ và photpho). Kết quả của chúng tôi cho thấy rằng phản ứng của phù du đối với UVR phụ thuộc chủ yếu vào tính sẵn có của dinh dưỡng, điều này được thể hiện qua những phản ứng không đáng kể của năng suất phù du và tổng sinh khối đối với UVR trong nước thô oligotrophic từ hồ Fuxian, nhưng phản ứng tích cực của tổng sinh khối đối với UVR trong điều trị bổ sung dinh dưỡng. Hơn nữa, phản ứng của phù du đối với UVR cũng phụ thuộc vào loại taxa. Chlorophytes và dinoflagellates cho thấy phản ứng tích cực với UVR, trong khi chrysophytes lại khá nhạy cảm với UVR; diatoms không có phản ứng đáng kể đối với UVR trong tất cả các điều kiện dinh dưỡng, trong khi phản ứng của cyanobacteria đối với UVR phụ thuộc cao vào tình trạng dinh dưỡng. Nghiên cứu này nhấn mạnh rằng sự gia tăng nồng độ dinh dưỡng trong hồ oligotrophic không chỉ thúc đẩy trực tiếp sự phát triển của phù du mà còn kết hợp với UVR thấp trong mùa hè để có lợi cho sự phát triển của các taxa thâm hụt dinh dưỡng, dựa trên ảnh hưởng không tiêu cực của UVR đối với tổng sinh khối phù du và ảnh hưởng tích cực đối với các taxa thâm hụt dinh dưỡng.
Từ khóa
#phù du #bức xạ UV #dinh dưỡng #hồ Fuxian #thí nghiệm mesocosmTài liệu tham khảo
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