Thí nghiệm mô hình vật lý và phân tích số học về phương pháp giữ vững lối vào bên hông mỏ không cột trụ với mái dày và cứng

Arabian Journal of Geosciences - Tập 13 - Trang 1-16 - 2020
Xiaoming Sun1,2, Chengwei Zhao1,2, Gan Li1,2, Bo Zhang1,2, Junwei Wang1,2, Feng Cai3
1State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics & Deep Underground Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology, Beijing, China
2School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology, Beijing, China
3Centre for Technology Management, China National Coal Group CO., Ltd., Beijing, China

Tóm tắt

Giữ vững lối vào bên hông mỏ là một phương pháp phổ biến trong khai thác than ngầm. Phương pháp giữ vững lối vào bên hông mỏ truyền thống (CGER) thường gây ra sự tập trung ứng suất và biến dạng lớn xung quanh các đường hầm dưới điều kiện mái đá sa thạch dày và cứng. Vì vậy, bài báo này đề xuất một phương pháp đổi mới giữ vững lối vào bên hông mỏ không cột trụ (NPGER) trong khai thác longwall. Đầu tiên, một mô hình vật lý đã được thiết lập để khám phá cơ chế của phương pháp mới. Kết quả mô hình hóa cho thấy sự sụp đổ tiến triển của các lớp đá ở giữa khu vực khai thác tương ứng với CGER. Sự khác biệt chính giữa NPGER và CGER là CGER sụp đổ với cấu trúc của một thanh dài, nhưng NPGER sụp đổ với cấu trúc của một thanh ngắn gần lối vào. Cuối cùng, một đường hầm mới với một gờ đá thải đã được hình thành khi mái ngay lập tức và mái chính trượt dọc theo mặt cắt trước. Tiếp theo, phần mềm mô phỏng số Universal Distinct Element Code (UDEC) đã được sử dụng để thiết lập mô hình số cho mặt khai thác 8501 tại mỏ than Tangshangou. Quá trình NPGER đã được mô phỏng. Sự phát triển của cấu trúc mái và các đặc tính ứng suất đã được thể hiện rõ ràng. Kết quả cho thấy cấu trúc mái đã thay đổi rõ rệt từ một thanh dài thành một thanh ngắn sau khi mái bị nứt. Đường hầm giữ lại nằm trong điều kiện ứng suất thấp, và ứng suất đã được chuyển giao cho đá sâu hơn. Cuối cùng, phương pháp NPGER đã được áp dụng thực địa, và kết quả cho thấy đường hầm giữ lại có thể đáp ứng yêu cầu của mặt khai thác tiếp theo, điều này có thể cung cấp hướng dẫn cho việc khai thác longwall với mái dày và cứng.

Từ khóa

#giữ vững lối vào bên hông mỏ #khai thác than ngầm #mô hình vật lý #phân tích số học #mái dày và cứng #NPGER #CGER

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