Nội dung được dịch bởi AI, chỉ mang tính chất tham khảo
Thí nghiệm mô hình vật lý và phân tích số học về phương pháp giữ vững lối vào bên hông mỏ không cột trụ với mái dày và cứng
Tóm tắt
Giữ vững lối vào bên hông mỏ là một phương pháp phổ biến trong khai thác than ngầm. Phương pháp giữ vững lối vào bên hông mỏ truyền thống (CGER) thường gây ra sự tập trung ứng suất và biến dạng lớn xung quanh các đường hầm dưới điều kiện mái đá sa thạch dày và cứng. Vì vậy, bài báo này đề xuất một phương pháp đổi mới giữ vững lối vào bên hông mỏ không cột trụ (NPGER) trong khai thác longwall. Đầu tiên, một mô hình vật lý đã được thiết lập để khám phá cơ chế của phương pháp mới. Kết quả mô hình hóa cho thấy sự sụp đổ tiến triển của các lớp đá ở giữa khu vực khai thác tương ứng với CGER. Sự khác biệt chính giữa NPGER và CGER là CGER sụp đổ với cấu trúc của một thanh dài, nhưng NPGER sụp đổ với cấu trúc của một thanh ngắn gần lối vào. Cuối cùng, một đường hầm mới với một gờ đá thải đã được hình thành khi mái ngay lập tức và mái chính trượt dọc theo mặt cắt trước. Tiếp theo, phần mềm mô phỏng số Universal Distinct Element Code (UDEC) đã được sử dụng để thiết lập mô hình số cho mặt khai thác 8501 tại mỏ than Tangshangou. Quá trình NPGER đã được mô phỏng. Sự phát triển của cấu trúc mái và các đặc tính ứng suất đã được thể hiện rõ ràng. Kết quả cho thấy cấu trúc mái đã thay đổi rõ rệt từ một thanh dài thành một thanh ngắn sau khi mái bị nứt. Đường hầm giữ lại nằm trong điều kiện ứng suất thấp, và ứng suất đã được chuyển giao cho đá sâu hơn. Cuối cùng, phương pháp NPGER đã được áp dụng thực địa, và kết quả cho thấy đường hầm giữ lại có thể đáp ứng yêu cầu của mặt khai thác tiếp theo, điều này có thể cung cấp hướng dẫn cho việc khai thác longwall với mái dày và cứng.
Từ khóa
#giữ vững lối vào bên hông mỏ #khai thác than ngầm #mô hình vật lý #phân tích số học #mái dày và cứng #NPGER #CGERTài liệu tham khảo
Bai QS, Tu SH, Zhang C, Zhu DF (2016) Discrete element modeling of progressive failure in a wide coal roadway from water-rich roofs. Int J Coal Geol 167:215–229
Deng YH, Wang SQ (2014) Feasibility analysis of gob-side entry retaining on a working face in a steep coal seam. Int J Min Sci Technol 24(4):499–503
Gao F, Stead D, Coggan J (2014) Evaluation of coal longwall caving characteristics using an innovative UDEC Trigon approach. Comput Geotech 55:448–460
Gao FQ, Stead D, Kang HP (2015) Numerical simulation of squeezing failure in a coal mine roadway due to mining-induced stresses. Rock Mech and Rock Eng 48(4):1635–1645
Gao YB, Liu DQ, Zhang XY, He MC (2017) Analysis and optimization of entry stability in underground longwall mining. Sustainability 9(11):2079–2098
Ghabraie B, Ren G, Zhang XY, Smith J (2015) Physical modelling of subsidence from sequential extraction of partially overlapping longwall panels and study of substrata movement characteristics. Int J Coal Geol 140:71–83
Gong P, Ma ZG, Ni XY, Zhang RR (2018) An experimental investigation on the mechanical properties of gangue concrete as a roadside support body material for backfilling gob-side entry retaining. Adv Mater Sci Eng 2018:1–11
Han CL, Zhang N, Li BY, Si GY, Zheng XG (2015) Pressure relief and structure stability mechanism of hard roof for gob-side entry retaining. J Cent South Univ 22(11):4445–4455
He MC, Guo ZB (2011) Mechanical property and engineering application of anchor bolt with constant resistance and large deformation. Chin J Rock Mech Eng (China) 7:1297–1308
He MC, Xie HP, Peng SP (2005) Study on rock mechanics in deep mining engineering. China J Rock Mech Eng (China) 24(16):2803–2813
He MC, Zhang GF, Qi G, Li Q, Jia QZ, Zhou J (2007) Stability control of surrounding rocks in deep entry of Jiahe coal mine. J Min Saf Eng (China) 24(1):27–30
He MC, Gao YB, Yang J, Gong WL (2017a) An innovative approach for gob-side entry retaining in thick coal seam longwall mining. Energies 10(11):1785–1807
He MC, Gao YB, Yang J, Guo ZB, Wang EY, Wang YJ (2017b) An energy-gathered roof cutting technique in no-pillar mining and its impact on stress variation in surrounding rocks. China J Rock Mech Eng (China) 36(6):1314–1325
He MC, Wang YJ, Yang J, Zhou P, Gao Q, Gao YB (2018) Comparative analysis on stress field distributions in roof cutting nonpillar mining method and conventional mining method. J China Coal Soc 43(3):626–637
Huang BX, Liu JW, Zhang Q (2018) The reasonable breaking location of overhanging hard roof for directional hydraulic fracturing to control strong strata behaviors of gob-side entry. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 103:1–11
Itasca Cons (2014) Itasca Consulting Group Inc., UDEC code-version 6. Minneapolis-Minnesota
Kang HP, Lou JF, Gao FQ, Yang JH, Li JZ (2018) A physical and numerical investigation of sudden massive roof collapse during longwall coal retreat mining. Int J Coal Geol 188:25–36
Li M, Zhou N, Zhang JX, Liu ZC (2017) Numerical modelling of mechanical behavior of coal mining hard roofs in different backfill ratios: a case study. Energies 10(7):1005–1023
Li JZ, Zhang M, Li Y, Hu H (2018) Surrounding rock control mechanism in the gob-side retaining entry in thin coal seams, and its application. J S Afr Inst Min Metall 118(5):471–480
Liu XS, Ning JG, Tan YL, Xu Q, Fan DY (2018) Coordinated supporting method of gob-side entry retaining in coal mines and a case study with hard roof. Geomech Eng 15(6):1173–1182
Lu CP, Liu GJ, Liu Y, Zhang N, Xue JH, Zhang L (2015) Microseismic multi-parameter characteristics of rockburst hazard induced by hard roof fall and high stress concentration. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 76:18–32
Luan H, Jiang Y, Zhou L, Lin HL (2018) Stability control and quick retaining technology of gob-side entry: a case study. Adv Civ Eng 2018:1–13
Luo Y (2012) Experimental study on supporting technology of gob-side entry with different roof conditions. J Coal Sci Eng (China) 18:238–246
Meguid MA, Saada O, Nunes MA, Mattar J (2008) Physical modeling of tunnels in soft ground: a review. Tunn Undergr Space Technol 23(2):185–198
Ning JG, Liu XS, Tan J, Gu QH, Tan YL, Wang JQ (2018) Control mechanisms and design for a ‘coal-backfill-gangue’ support system for coal mine gob-side entry retaining. Int J Oil Gas Coal T 18(3/4):444–466
Roest A, Hart D, Lorig LJ (1990) Modelling fault-slip in underground mining with the distinct element method. Proceedings of the Sixth International Congress of the International Association of Engineering Geology, Amsterdam, Holland, pp 105–110
Sitharam TG, Latha GM (2002) Simulation of excavations in jointed rock masses using a practical equivalent continuum approach. Int Rock Mech Min Sci 39(4):517–525
Sun XM, Liu X, L GF, Wang D, Jiang YL (2014) Key parameters of gob-side entry retaining formed by roof cut and pressure releasing in thin coal seams. Chin J Rock Mech Eng (China) 33(7):1449–1456
Sun XM, Chen F, He MC, Gong WL, Xu HC, Lu H (2017) Physical modeling of floor heave for the deepburied roadway excavated in ten degree inclined strata using infrared thermal imaging technology. Tunn Undergr Space Technol 63:228–243
Sun XM, Chen F, Miao CY, Song P, Li G, Zhao CW, Xia X (2018a) Physical modeling of deformation failure mechanism of surrounding rocks for the deep-buried tunnel in soft rock strata during the excavation. Tunn Undergr Space Technol 74:247–261
Sun XM, Li G, Song P, Miao CY, Zhao CW, Li Q, Xia X (2018b) Application research on gob-side entry retaining methods in no. 1200 working face in Zhongxing mine. Geotech Geologic Eng 37:185–200
Tan YL, Yu FH, Ning JG, Zhao TB (2015) Design and construction of entry retaining wall along a gob side under hard roof stratum. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 77:115–121
Tao ZG, Song ZG, He MC, Meng ZG, Pang SH (2018) Principles of the roof cut short-arm beam mining method (110 method) and its mining-induced stress distribution. Int J Min Sci Technol 28(3):391–396
Tian QY, Zhang JT, Zhang YL (2018) Similar simulation experiment of expressway tunnel in karst area. Constr Build Mater 176:1–13
Wang DC, Li SC, W Q, Li WT, Wang FQ, Wang HT, Peng P, Ruan GQ (2014) Experimental study of reasonable coal pillar width in fully mechanized top coal caving face of deep thick coal seam. Chin J Rock Mech Eng (China) 33(3):539–548
Wang Q, Gao HK, Jiang B, Li S, He MC, Wang DC, Lu W, Qin Q, Gao S, Yu HC (2017) Research on reasonable coal pillar width of roadway driven along goaf in deep mine. Arab J Geosci 10(21):466–483
Wang YJ, Gao YB, Wang EY, He MC, Yang J (2018a) Roof deformation characteristics and preventive techniques using a novel non-pillar mining method of gob-side entry retaining by roof cutting. Energies 11(3):627–644
Wang Q, He MC, Yang J, Gao HK, Jiang B, Yu HC (2018b) Study of a no-pillar mining technique with automatically formed gob-side entry retaining for longwall mining in coal mines. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 110:1–8
Wang YJ, He MC, Zhang KX, Yang J, Zhen EZ, Zhu Z, Gao YB, Ma ZM (2018c) Strata behavior characteristics and control countermeasures for the gateroad surroundings in innovative non-pillar mining method with gateroad formed automatically. J Mining Safety Eng (China) 4(3):677–685
Wang YJ, He MC, Yang J, Wang Q, Liu JN, Tian XC, Gao YB (2020a) Case study on pressure-relief mining technology without advance tunneling and coal pillars in longwall mining. Tunn Undergr Space Technol 97:103236.1–103236.13
Wang Q, Jiang ZH, Jiang B, Gao HK, Huang YB, Zhang P (2020b) Research on an automatic roadway formation method in deep mining areas by roof cutting with high-strength bolt-grouting. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 128:104264–104277
Wu LX, Qian MG, Wang JZ (1997) The influence of a thick hard rock stratum on underground mining subsidence. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 34(2):341–344
Xie PS, Luo Y, Wu YP, Gao XC, Luo SH, Zeng YF (2020) Roof deformation associated with mining of two panels in steeply dipping coal seam using subsurface subsidence prediction model and physical simulation experiment. Min Metall Explor 37(10):581–591
Xue DP, Wang JP, Tu HS, Wang FT, Zhao J (2013) Deformation failure mechanism and application of the backfill along the goaf-side retained roadway. Int J Min Sci Technol 23(3):329–335
Yan S, Liu TX, Bai JB (2018) Key parameters of gob-side entry retaining in a gassy and thin coal seam with hard roof. Processes 6(5):51–65
Yang J, He MC, Cao C (2019) Design principles and key technologies of gob side entry retaining by roof pre-fracturing. Tunn Undergr Space Technol 90:309–318
Yang XJ, Mao WB, Wang EY, Sun Y, Wang JM, He MC (2020) Mechanism and control methods of roof deformations in gob-side entry retention by roof cutting under medium-thick coal seams. Geotech Geol Eng 38(4):265–282
Zhang GF, He MC, Yu XP, Huang ZG (2011) Research on the technique of no-pillar mining with gob-side entry formed by advanced roof caving in the protective seam in Baijiao coal mine. J Mining Safety Eng (China) 28(4):511–516
Zhang N, Yuan L, Han CL, Xue JH, Kan JG et al (2012) Stability and deformation of surrounding rock in pillar less gob-side entry retaining. Saf Sci 50(4):593–599
Zhang YQ, Tang JX, Xiao DQ, Sun LL, Zhang WZ (2014) Spontaneous caving and gob-side entry retaining of thin seam with large inclined angle. Int J Min Sci Technol 24(4):441–445
Zhang GF, Xu YQ, Ge PT (2016) Research on cut gob-side entry retaining in thin coal seam of Tangshan ditch. Chin J Rock Mech Eng (China) 35(7):1397–1406
Zhang ZY, Shimada H, Sasaoka T, Hamanaka A (2017) Stability control of retained goaf-side gateroad under different roof conditions in deep underground Y type longwall mining. Sustainability 9(10):1671–1690
Zhang ZZ, Wang WJ, Li SQ, Bai JB, Hao SQ, Wu H, Yu XY (2018) An innovative approach for gob-side entry retaining with thick and hard roof: a case study. Teh Vjesn 25(4):1028–1036
Zhao T, Liu CY, Yetilmezsoy K, Zhang BS, Zhang S (2017) Fractural structure of thick hard roof stratum using long beam theory and numerical modeling. Environ Earth Sci 76(21):751–764
Zhao PX, Zhuo RS, Li SG, Ho CH, Lin HF, Liu H (2019) Research on the effect of coal seam inclination on gas migration channels at fully mechanized coal mining face. Arab J Geosci 12(18):1–14
