Physical illness in patients with severe mental disorders. I. Prevalence, impact of medications and disparities in health care

World Psychiatry - Tập 10 Số 1 - Trang 52-77 - 2011
Marc De Hert1, Christoph U. Correll2, Julio Bobes3, Marcelo Cetkovich4, Dan Cohen5, Itsuo Asai6, Johan Detraux1, Shiv Gautam7, Hans‐Jürgen Möller8, David M. Ndetei9, John W. Newcomer10, Richard Uwakwe11, Stefan Leucht12
1University Psychiatric Center, Catholic University Leuven, Leuvensesteenweg 517, 3070 Kortenberg, Belgium
2Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
3Department of Medicine - Psychiatry, University of Oviedo-CIBERSAM, Spain
4Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Cognitive Neurology, and Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Neurosciences, Favaloro University Hospital, Buenos Aires, Argentina
5Dept of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.
6Japanese Society of Transcultural Psychiatry
7Psychiatric Centre, Medical College, Jaipur, India
8Department of Psychiatry, University of Munich, Germany
9University of Nairobi/Africa Mental Health Foundation, Nairobi, Kenya
10Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Mo., USA
11Faculty of Medicine, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Nigeria
12Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany

Tóm tắt

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

10.1192/bjp.173.1.11

10.1192/bjp.171.6.502

10.1093/schbul/15.1.81

10.1002/pdi.1451

10.1016/j.euroneuro.2005.04.009

10.1176/ps.2009.60.2.147

Tidemalm D, 2008, Excess mortality in persons with severe mental disorder in Sweden: a cohort study of 12 103 individuals with and without contact with psychiatric services, Clin Pract Epidemol Ment Health, 4, 23, 10.1186/1745-0179-4-23

10.4088/JCP.v68n0612

10.1192/bjp.177.3.212

10.1192/bjp.bp.109.067512

10.1136/bmj.321.7259.483

10.1177/070674379103600401

Casadebaig F, 1999, Mortality in schizophrenia patients. 3 years follow‐up of a cohort, Encephale, 25, 329

10.1038/sj.npp.1300608

10.1111/j.1600-0447.2007.01095.x

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2009.01.005

10.1111/j.1600-0447.1989.tb01298.x

10.1192/bjp.188.2.122

10.1176/appi.ajp.161.8.1334

10.1111/j.1600-0447.2008.01309.x

10.1002/cncr.24383

Mental and Physical Health Platform., 2008, Mental and physical health charter. Bridging the gap between mental and physical health

Colton CW, 2006, Congruencies in increased mortality rates, years of potential life lost, and causes of death among public mental health clients in eight states, Prev Chronic Dis, 3, A42

10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60742-X

10.1016/j.ahj.2005.02.007

Newcomer JW, 2007, Antipsychotic medications: metabolic and cardiovascular risk, J Clin Psychiatry, 68, 8

Vreeland B, 2007, Treatment decisions in major mental illness: weighing the outcomes, J Clin Psychiatry, 68, 5

10.1001/archpsyc.64.10.1123

10.1016/j.schres.2007.10.005

10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2006.07.013

Parks J, 2006, Morbidity and mortality in people with serious mental illness

10.1002/j.2051-5545.2009.tb00196.x

Lawrence D, Inequalities in health care provision for people with severe mental illness, J Psychopharmacol

10.1097/YCO.0b013e3281938102

10.1016/j.schres.2006.06.026

10.1093/fampra/cml054

10.1136/bmj.326.7399.1122

10.4088/JCP.7075su1c.04

10.1192/bjp.bp.107.045732

10.1192/bjp.bp.109.067082

10.1503/cmaj.060482

Chan M, 2010, Equity, social determinants and public health programmes, 1

10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67483-1

10.1016/j.jpsychores.2008.09.008

10.4088/JCP.7075su1c.03

World Health Organization., 2003, Global strategy on diet, physical activity and health

10.1021/jm0680124

Bray GA, 2008, In the clinic. Obesity, Ann Intern Med, 149, ITC4–1

National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute., 1998, Clinical guidelines on the identification, evaluation and treatment of overweight and obesity in adults: the evidence report

10.1111/j.1463-1326.2009.01038.x

10.1001/jama.282.16.1530

10.1016/0140-6736(91)91164-P

10.1038/sj.ijo.0803111

10.1038/sj.ijo.0801043

10.1210/jcem.86.11.7992

10.1038/sj.ijo.0801739

10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.192644

International Diabetes Federation.The IDF consensus worldwide definition of the metabolic syndrome.http:www.idf.org.

10.1111/j.1464-5491.2006.01858.x

10.1016/j.diabres.2007.10.016

10.1253/circj.66.987

Zhou BF, 2002, Predictive values of body mass index and waist circumference for risk factors of certain related diseases in Chinese adults. Study on optimal cut‐off points of body mass index and waist circumference in Chinese adults, Biomed Environ Sci, 15, 83

McElroy SL, 2006, Managing metabolic abnormalities in the psychiatrically ill: a clinical guide for psychiatrists, 55

Wirshing DA, 2004, Schizophrenia and obesity: impact of antipsychotic medications, J Clin Psychiatry, 65, 13

10.4088/JCP.v64n1205

10.3810/pgm.2008.07.1786

10.1017/S0033291708004194

10.4088/JCP.v68n0905

10.1097/PSY.0b013e3181651651

10.1001/archpsyc.63.7.824

10.1016/j.psc.2009.08.003

10.7748/ns2009.01.23.21.41.c6767

10.4088/JCP.v67n0607

10.1097/01.psy.0000151489.36347.18

10.4088/JCP.09m05033gre

10.1016/j.lfs.2003.08.044

10.1016/j.jad.2007.12.233

10.1097/01.smj.0000167621.49292.11

10.1177/070674370104600610

10.1016/S0920-9964(02)00441-3

10.1177/070674370605100502

10.1016/j.jpsychores.2007.09.006

10.4088/JCP.v65n0507

10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2007.09.001

10.1097/jcp.0b013e31815a8872

10.1007/s00702-007-0663-2

10.1016/j.amjmed.2007.08.043

10.1176/ajp.156.11.1686

10.1016/j.amepre.2008.11.020

10.2337/diacare.27.2.596

10.1111/j.1600-0447.1976.tb00060.x

Citrome L, 2007, Risk‐benefit analysis of available treatments for schizophrenia, Psychiatric Times, 1, 27

10.1080/15622970510030090

10.2165/00023210-200721110-00004

10.2165/00023210-200519001-00001

10.1016/j.diabet.2007.01.003

Scheen A, 2008, Traitement neuroleptique et troubles metabolic, Med Mal Metabol, 2, 593

10.1111/j.1600-0447.2008.01334.x

10.1111/j.1600-0447.2008.01204.x

10.1016/j.schres.2008.07.006

10.1016/j.schres.2005.08.010

10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60486-9

10.1016/S0140-6736(08)61764-X

10.1056/NEJMoa051688

10.1016/j.schres.2008.09.025

10.1016/j.pharmthera.2010.04.008

10.1017/CBO9780511543951

10.1016/S0920-9964(02)00431-0

Hert M, Metabolic and endocrine adverse effects of second‐generation antipsychotics in children and adolescents: a systematic review of randomized, placebo controlled trials and guidelines for clinical practice, Eur Psychiatry

10.4088/JCP.7075su1c.05

10.4088/JCP.1106e16

10.4088/JCP.v65n0219

10.2165/00023210-200822070-00002

10.1001/jama.2009.1549

10.1016/j.schres.2007.05.036

10.4088/JCP.v61n1109

10.1176/appi.ps.53.7.842

10.2165/00023210-200822080-00004

10.1001/archpsyc.57.5.481

10.1124/pr.59.2.2

10.1038/sj.mp.4002066

10.1016/j.pharmthera.2009.10.010

10.1016/j.jada.2010.05.015

10.4065/mcp.2009.0565

10.4088/JCP.9058se1c.03gry

10.1111/j.1742-1241.2009.02142.x

10.1176/appi.ajp.159.6.1058

10.1001/archpsyc.60.11.1079

Barak Y, Switching to aripiprazole as a strategy for weight reduction: a meta‐analysis in patients suffering from schizophrenia, J Obes

10.1038/sj.npp.1301482

10.1016/j.schres.2010.02.1047

10.1097/JCP.0b013e3180a76dc0

10.1097/JCP.0b013e3181934462

Risselada AJ, Association between HTR2C gene polymorphisms and the metabolic syndrome in patients using antipsychotics: a replication study, Pharmacogenomics

10.2217/pgs.10.50

10.1097/JCP.0b013e31819359be

10.1089/met.2006.4.237

10.1186/1478-7954-1-3

10.1016/j.jacc.2005.11.046

10.1210/jc.2004-0372

10.2337/diabetes.51.10.3120

10.1093/aje/kwf145

10.1111/j.1399-5618.2005.00234.x

10.1002/9780470667309.ch4

10.1089/met.2008.0065

10.1093/ajcn/86.3.836S

10.1007/s00125-005-1873-5

10.1007/s00059-007-3025-9

Pacholczyk M, 2008, The metabolic syndrome. Part I: definitions and diagnostic criteria for its identification. Epidemiology and relationship with cardiovascular and type 2 diabetes risk, Postepy Hig Med Dosw, 62, 530

10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.169404

10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2005.03.024

10.2337/diacare.28.11.2745

10.1016/S0002-9343(02)01314-1

10.1016/j.diabres.2004.11.018

10.1016/j.schres.2005.12.855

10.4088/JCP.v66n0503

10.1177/070674370404901106

10.1016/j.schres.2005.07.014

10.1097/00131746-200601000-00002

10.4088/JCP.v67n0408

10.1097/01.yic.0000188215.84784.17

10.1176/ajp.2006.163.7.1273

10.1192/bjp.bp.106.031716

10.1080/00048670701392841

10.1186/1471-244X-7-14

10.1016/j.schres.2007.10.015

10.1016/j.schres.2008.05.009

10.1111/j.1600-0447.2008.01317.x

10.1016/j.jad.2007.06.002

Bobes J, Cardiovascular and metabolic risk in outpatients with schizoaffective disorder treated with antipsychotics: results from the CLAMORS study, Eur Psychiatry

10.1111/j.1399-5618.2004.00126.x

Rummel‐Kluge C, Head‐to‐head comparisons of metabolic side effects of second generation antipsychotics in the treatment of schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta‐analysis, Schizophr Res

10.1007/s11892-010-0112-8

Hert M, Metabolic parameters in the short‐ and long‐term treatment of schizophrenia with sertindole or risperidone, Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

10.1016/j.schres.2010.07.030

10.1016/j.psychres.2010.03.011

10.1016/j.schres.2005.04.010

10.1097/01.jcp.0000142281.85207.d5

Cavanagh MR, 2007, A UK audit of screening for the metabolic side effects of antipsychotics in community patients, Schizophr Bull, 33, 1397

10.5694/j.1326-5377.2009.tb02374.x

10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2009.179

10.2337/dc08-1720

10.1097/JCP.0b013e31819294cb

10.1001/archpediatrics.2010.48

10.1002/(SICI)1096-9136(199807)15:7<539::AID-DIA668>3.0.CO;2-S

World Health Organization Department of Noncommunicable Disease Surveillance., 1999, Definition, diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus and its complications: report of a WHO consultation. Part 1: diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus

10.1046/j.1464-5491.1999.00059.x

10.1001/jama.285.19.2486

10.2337/diacare.27.10.2444

10.1161/01.ATV.0000111245.75752.C6

10.1161/01.CIR.0000112379.88385.67

10.4158/EP.9.S2.5

10.2337/diacare.27.3.824

10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67402-8

Whiting D, 2010, Equity, social determinant and public health programmes, 77

10.1007/s10654-009-9395-y

10.2337/dc06-1842

10.2337/dc06-1456

10.1001/jama.292.10.1188

10.1016/j.amjmed.2009.02.008

10.1001/archinte.164.8.892

10.1093/aje/kwj141

10.1111/j.1464-5491.2007.02157.x

10.1001/archinte.161.12.1542

10.1001/jama.282.15.1433

10.1111/j.1365-2796.2005.01545.x

10.1056/NEJMoa012512

10.1056/NEJM200105033441801

10.1111/j.1463-1326.2005.00495.x

10.1192/bjp.184.47.s67

10.1080/10401230590932380

10.4088/JCP.v67n1002

10.1177/0269881107075509

10.1111/j.1399-5618.2007.00520.x

10.1016/S0165-0327(01)00456-6

Hert M, The METEOR study of diabetes and other metabolic disorders in patients with schizophrenia treated with antipsychotic drugs. I. Methodology, Int J Methods Psychiatr Res

10.2337/diacare.27.1.129

10.2337/diacare.28.5.1063

10.1093/aje/kwg172

10.2337/diacare.19.10.1097

10.2337/diacare.27.12.2856

10.2337/diacare.27.2.429

10.2337/diacare.22.7.1071

10.1111/j.1464-5491.2004.01315.x

10.1111/j.1600-0447.2004.00333.x

10.1192/bjp.184.47.s106

10.1186/1745-0179-2-14

10.1016/j.schres.2010.02.1061

10.1345/aph.1K141

10.1192/bjp.bp.107.037184

10.1080/10401230600801234

10.1002/pds.1781

10.1592/phco.22.11.841.33629

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2009.01.001

10.1016/S0002-9343(01)01000-2

10.4088/JCP.v65n0619

10.1592/phco.23.6.735.32178

10.1592/phco.27.1.27

10.4088/JCP.v67n0707

10.1192/bjp.bp.109.076935

10.1038/npp.2010.78

Baker RA, 2009, Atypical antipsychotic drugs and diabetes mellitus in the US Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Database: a systematic Bayesian signal detection analysis, Psychopharmacol Bull, 42, 11

10.1192/bjp.184.47.s87

10.4088/JCP.v62n0407

Sachs GS, 1999, Weight gain associated with use of psychotropic medications, J Clin Psychiatry, 60, 16

10.1016/0165-0327(92)90036-6

10.1016/0165-1781(88)90120-5

10.1097/00004714-198810000-00003

10.1016/j.diabres.2007.07.009

10.1176/appi.ajp.2008.08071065

10.2337/dc07-1827

10.1159/000197868

10.1016/j.yebeh.2006.02.008

10.1177/0883073809349461

10.1002/ana.20074

10.1046/j.1528-1157.2002.31501.x

10.1001/archinte.165.22.2631

10.1176/appi.ajp.159.9.1584

10.1177/070674370304800512

10.1177/0269881105049039

10.2337/diacare.29.04.06.dc05-1261

10.1016/j.schres.2007.07.016

10.1177/0269881109102788

Department of Health., 2001, Diabetes national service framework

10.1016/j.schres.2004.03.024

10.4088/JCP.09ac05255

10.4088/JCP.v68n0407

10.1080/10401230701338169

Wong JO, 2007, Olanzapine‐induced diabetic ketoacidosis in a Chinese man, Hong Kong Med J, 13, 73

Reddymasu S, 2006, Elevated lipase and diabetic ketoacidosis associated with aripiprazole, JOP, 7, 303

10.1592/phco.28.9.1198

10.1111/j.1464-5491.2005.01628.x

10.2165/00002018-200730070-00004

Aruna PAP, 1995, Chlorpromazine induced diabetes mellitus, J Assoc Physicians India, 43, 146

10.1192/bjp.161.6.856

10.1016/j.diabres.2006.07.024

10.30875/2a7c3a9e-en

10.1002/hup.915

World Health Organization., 2009, Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs)

Mendis S, 2010, Equity, social determinants and public health programmes, 31

10.4088/JCP.0507e12

10.1161/01.CIR.101.1.e12

10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61356-7

10.1016/S0140-6736(00)02240-6

10.1080/14034940510032248

World Health Organization., 2002, The world health report 2002: reducing risks, promoting healthy life

10.1016/j.ijcard.2008.10.002

10.1016/S0165-0327(01)00377-9

10.2165/00023210-200923070-00004

Casey DE, 2004, Antipsychotic‐induced weight gain and metabolic abnormalities: implications for increased mortality in patients with schizophrenia, J Clin Psychiatry, 65, 4

10.1192/bjp.182.1.31

10.1016/S0920-9964(99)00191-7

10.1176/appi.ajp.2007.07061018

Glassman A, 2011, Depression and heart disease

10.1016/j.jad.2008.09.008

10.1001/archinte.167.8.802

10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2009.61

Nicol G, 2009, Preliminary results of the MEAC study: metabolic effects of antipsychotics in children, Schizophr Bull, 35, 32

10.1001/archpsyc.64.2.242

10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2009.11.014

10.1176/appi.psy.48.5.412

10.1016/j.schres.2009.12.016

10.1001/jama.290.2.215

10.1001/jama.2008.711

10.1111/j.1399-5618.2008.00625.x

10.1016/S0924-977X(08)70655-2

10.1016/j.schres.2008.01.028

10.1016/j.schres.2007.12.487

10.1002/j.2051-5545.2009.tb00199.x

10.1016/S0749-3797(02)00439-7

Khawaja IS, 2009, Depression and coronary artery disease: the association, mechanisms, and therapeutic implications, Psychiatry, 6, 38

10.1161/01.CIR.94.12.3123

10.1161/01.CIR.93.11.1976

10.3949/ccjm.75.Suppl_2.S48

10.1016/j.schres.2007.12.485

10.4088/JCP.v65n0519

10.1016/j.jad.2006.09.016

10.1007/s00406-004-0519-9

10.1161/hs0901.094623

10.1001/archinte.158.10.1133

10.1111/j.1742-1241.2007.01416.x

10.1210/en.2009-0996

10.1097/00004714-200302000-00010

10.1016/S0002-9343(99)00301-0

10.1192/bjp.176.5.405

10.1192/bjp.172.4.331

10.1056/NEJMoa0806994

10.2174/157488610789869265

Pies RW, 2001, Antipsychotics: the heart of the problem, Psychiatric Times, 18, 26

Elbe D, 2010, How does this happen? Part I: mechanisms of adverse drug reactions associated with psychotropic medications, J Can Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 19, 40

10.1176/appi.ajp.158.11.1774

10.1111/j.1600-0447.1991.tb01421.x

10.1001/archpsyc.58.12.1161

10.1136/bmj.325.7372.1070

10.1192/bjp.180.6.515

Ames D, 2002, Comment minimiser les risques associés à un allongement significatif de l'intervalle QTc chez les personnes souffrant de schizophrénie. Recommandations consensuelles du Cardiac Safety in Schizophrenia Group (CSISG), Encéphale, 28, 552

10.1111/j.1600-0447.2010.01563.x

10.4088/JCP.v69n0115

Strom BL, Comparative mortality associated with ziprasidone and olanzapine in real‐world use among 18,154 patients with schizophrenia: the Ziprasidone Observational Study of Cardiac Outcomes (ZODIAC), Am J Psychiatry

10.1007/s11606-008-0720-z

Weiss AP, 2006, Treatment of cardiac risk factors among patients with schizophrenia and diabetes, Psychiatr Serv, 57, 1145, 10.1176/ps.2006.57.8.1145

10.4088/JCP.v69n0219

10.1097/YCO.0b013e32833f46c9

10.1136/hrt.2006.110171

10.1001/jama.283.4.506

10.1001/archpsyc.65.12.1402

10.1176/ajp.149.4.544

10.1016/0165-1781(91)90080-9

Lee HK, 1992, HIV‐1 in inpatients, Hosp Commun Psychiatry, 43, 181

10.1176/ajp.150.1.47

Meyer I, 1993, HIV seroprevalence among long‐stay patients in a state psychiatric hospital, Hosp Commun Psychiatry, 44, 282

10.2105/AJPH.83.4.568

Stewart DL, 1994, HIV seroprevalence in a chronically mentally ill population, J Natl Med Assoc, 86, 519

10.1080/09540129408258659

10.1111/j.1600-0447.1994.tb01529.x

Dasananjali T, 1994, The prevalence of HIV infection among mentally ill offenders in Thailand, J Med Assoc Thai, 77, 257

10.1111/j.1600-0447.1994.tb01543.x

Schwartz‐Watts D, 1995, Seroprevalence of human immunodeficiency virus among inpatient pre‐trial detainees, Bull Am Acad Psychiatry Law, 23, 285

10.1192/bjp.170.2.181

10.2105/AJPH.91.1.31

10.1176/appi.ps.53.7.868

10.1016/S1047-2797(03)00061-9

10.1007/s10597-005-2651-z

Cournos F, 2005, Schizophrenia and comorbid human immunodeficiency virus or hepatitis C virus, J Clin Psychiatry, 66, 27

10.1093/schbul/22.3.465

10.1016/S0272-7358(97)00019-6

10.1037/0735-7028.26.3.262

10.1016/S0272-7358(97)00018-4

10.1176/ps.49.10.1269

Hert M, Knowledge about HIV in people with schizophrenia. A general population comparison, Clinical Schizophrenia & Related Psychoses

10.1176/ajp.148.2.224

Drake RE, 1989, Substance abuse among the chronic mentally ill, Hosp Commun Psychiatry, 40, 1041

10.1176/appi.ps.51.2.234

10.2975/33.1.2009.47.49

Aruffo JF, 1990, Knowledge about AIDS among women psychiatric outpatients, Hosp Commun Psychiatry, 41, 326

10.1176/ajp.151.2.221

10.1017/S0033291708003930

10.1097/00126334-200301010-00011

10.1176/appi.ajp.161.12.2287

10.1097/NMD.0b013e31814514ad

10.1176/appi.psy.46.6.573

10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2003.08.008

10.1017/S0033291798007818

10.1007/BF02207491

10.1176/ajp.149.7.886

10.1007/BF02188592

10.1300/J069v21n03_05

10.1007/s10461-005-9033-y

10.1176/ps.47.5.502

10.1176/appi.ps.56.12.1614

10.3109/00048679709065079

10.1023/A:1004632620890

10.1097/00005053-199805000-00003

10.1111/j.1365-2702.2007.02227.x

10.1016/j.pharmthera.2009.07.004

10.1176/appi.psy.47.2.93

Said WM, 2001, Prevalence of hepatitis B virus among chronic schizophrenia patients, East Mediterr Health J, 7, 526, 10.26719/2001.7.3.526

10.1192/bjp.164.4.542

10.1016/S0168-8278(97)80348-0

10.1111/j.1399-5618.2007.00472.x

Kalkan A, 2005, Prevalence and genotypic distribution of hepatitis GB‐C/HG and TT viruses in blood donors, mentally retarded children and four groups of patients in eastern Anatolia, Turkey, Jpn J Infect Dis, 58, 222, 10.7883/yoken.JJID.2005.222

10.1007/s11920-005-0069-5

10.1016/j.pnpbp.2004.01.018

10.2165/00003495-200666020-00003

10.4088/JCP.v64n0507

10.1016/S0010-440X(03)00094-4

Rosenberg SD, 2010, Assessing the STIRR model of best practices for blood‐borne infections of clients with severe mental illness, Psychiatr Serv, 61, 885, 10.1176/ps.2010.61.9.885

10.1176/appi.ps.54.6.836

10.3928/0048-5713-20030601-09

10.1176/appi.ps.54.6.827

10.1586/eri.09.1

10.3851/IMP1493

10.1176/appi.ps.55.6.660

10.1111/j.1600-0447.2006.00768.x

10.1192/bjp.169.6.733

10.1192/bjp.187.6.552

10.1001/archpsyc.58.9.844

10.1192/bjp.176.1.76

10.1093/ije/24.2.366

10.1055/s-2007-979581

10.1016/S1888-9891(08)72513-8

Ohta Y, 1988, The epidemiological study of physical morbidity in schizophrenics — 2. Association between schizophrenia and incidence of tuberculosis, Jpn J Psychiatry Neurol, 42, 41

10.1017/S0033291700033948

Zeenreich A, 1998, Recurrent tuberculosis in a psychiatric hospital, recurrent outbreaks during 1987–1996, Harefuah, 134, 168

Fisher II, 1996, Experience in using serological tests in detecting tuberculosis in patients with severe mental pathology, Probl Tuberk, 1, 19

Mishin VIu, 2008, New‐onset pulmonary tuberculosis patients with schizophrenia: course and efficiency of treatment, Probl Tuberk Bolezn Legk, 6, 6

Lönnroth K, 2010, Equity, social determinants and public health programmes, 219

Chen YH, Poor clinical outcomes among pneumonia patients with schizophrenia, Schizophr Bull

10.1176/appi.ajp.161.12.2317

10.1097/01.nmd.0000130135.78017.96

10.1111/j.1525-1497.2006.00563.x

10.1016/j.schres.2008.10.016

10.1016/j.pnpbp.2007.01.008

Volkov VP, 2009, Respiratory diseases as a cause of death in schizophrenia, Probl Tuberk Bolezn Legk, 6, 24

10.1159/000220605

10.1007/978-1-60327-492-0_3

10.1007/978-1-60327-492-0_8

Hammerschmidt S, 2009, Lung cancer: current diagnosis and treatment, Dtsch Arztebl Int, 106, 809

10.1177/070674370805301107

10.1136/jech.43.1.43

Gulbinat W, 1992, Cancer incidence of schizophrenic patients. Results of record linkage studies in three countries, Br J Psychiatry, 18, 75, 10.1192/S0007125000297080

Dupont A, 1986, Psychiatric case registries in public health, 229

10.1016/0920-9964(94)90028-0

10.1034/j.1600-0447.2000.101005382.x

10.1016/j.schres.2004.11.009

10.1016/j.schres.2004.06.016

10.1002/cncr.21574

10.1016/S0920-9964(01)00308-5

10.1001/archpsyc.58.6.573

10.1001/archpsyc.64.12.1368

10.1111/j.1600-0447.1990.tb05466.x

10.1192/bjp.187.4.334

10.1111/j.1600-0447.2008.01163.x

10.1017/S0033291707000347

10.1111/j.1600-0447.1989.tb10254.x

10.1016/0165-0327(86)90074-1

10.1176/ps.2008.59.8.929

10.1111/j.1525-1497.2006.00565.x

10.1016/j.schres.2009.04.015

10.1016/j.schres.2009.04.022

10.1016/S0920-9964(99)00077-8

10.1006/brbi.1999.0574

10.1001/jama.298.17.2028

10.1177/0269881107082624

Wagner S, 1978, Breast cancer at a psychiatric hospital before and after the introduction of neuroleptic agents, Cancer Res, 38, 2703

Kanhouwa S, 1984, Phenothiazines and breast cancer, J Natl Med Assoc, 76, 785

10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a010091

10.1038/sj.bjc.6603259

10.1001/archpsyc.59.12.1147

10.4088/JCP.v65n1205

10.1097/00004850-200401000-00006

10.1016/S0306-4530(02)00129-4

10.1016/0006-3223(95)00062-L

MalikP.Cross‐sectional study of bone density in patients with schizophrenic or schizophreniform disease.Dissertation Leopold‐Franzens University Innsbruck 2001.

10.2165/00003495-200464200-00003

10.1177/0269881107087955

10.1056/NEJM199610173351602

10.1001/archinte.167.21.2329

10.1176/ajp.151.11.1691

10.1007/s00198-004-1711-5

10.1176/ajp.157.1.118

10.1016/S0165-1781(03)00017-9

10.1046/j.1532-5415.2001.49149.x

10.1007/s00198-007-0449-2

10.1007/s00198-009-0918-x

10.1007/s00198-010-1181-x

10.1093/schbul/22.3.447

10.1097/jcp.0b013e31815ac4e5

10.1017/S003329170800319X

10.1192/bjp.184.6.503

10.1097/01.jcp.0000150223.31007.e0

10.1016/j.schres.2007.01.013

10.1080/00207450290025833

10.1176/appi.ajp.160.9.1618

10.4088/JCP.v64n0704

10.1097/01.jcp.0000162798.87249.4d

10.4158/EP.3.4.209

10.1176/appi.ajp.162.1.162

10.1177/0269881107088439

10.1007/s00198-005-1866-8

10.1001/archinte.167.12.1240

10.1001/archinte.167.12.1246

PeuskensJ PaniL deHertMet al.Antipsychotics and hyperprolactinemia. Unpublished paper.

10.1097/JCP.0b013e31817d5943

10.1136/ebmh.12.1.25

10.1192/bjp.bp.106.023671

10.1016/j.bone.2005.07.005

10.1007/s00198-005-0065-y

10.1097/00001648-199807000-00012

10.1001/archinternmed.2009.357

10.2165/00002018-200730020-00006

10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a007130

10.1055/s-0028-1090206

Kasperek‐Zimowska B, 2008, Sexual disorders in schizophrenia — overview of research literature, Psychiatr Pol, 42, 97

10.1192/bjp.182.1.50

10.1192/bjp.181.1.49

Aizenberg D, 1995, Sexual dysfunction in male schizophrenic patients, J Clin Psychiatry, 56, 137

10.1016/S0924-9338(98)82005-1

10.1007/s00127-009-0119-0

10.1002/hup.924

10.1017/S1461145704005012

10.1016/S0306-4530(02)00113-0

10.4088/JCP.v66n0309

10.1097/YCO.0b013e328017f6c4

Gabay PM, 2006, Sexual behavior in patients with schizophrenia: a review of the literature and survey in patients attending a rehabilitation program, Vertex, 17, 136

10.1016/j.cpr.2009.06.007

10.1097/JCP.0b013e31819c76e9

10.1159/000126626

Kinzl JF, 2009, Major depressive disorder, antidepressants and sexual dysfunction, Neuropsychiatry, 23, 134

10.1111/j.1600-0447.2006.00890.x

10.1017/S1092852900026729

10.1111/j.1365-2850.2006.01016.x

Berner MM, 2007, Management of sexual dysfunction due to antipsychotic drug therapy, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 1, CD003546

10.1016/j.psyneuen.2008.08.015

10.1016/j.psyneuen.2009.01.013

10.1186/1471-244X-8-95

10.1016/j.psyneuen.2008.02.008

10.1080/00926230600666378

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2005.12.005

10.1016/j.schres.2006.04.005

10.1016/j.psyneuen.2005.08.010

10.4088/JCP.v66n0614

10.4088/JCP.v65n0305

10.1097/01.jcp.0000106220.36344.04

10.1080/713847170

10.4088/JCP.v63n0506

10.1176/appi.ajp.158.5.765

10.4306/pi.2010.7.1.55

10.1016/S0165-0327(01)00313-5

10.4088/JCP.v63n0414

Montejo AL, 2001, Incidence of sexual dysfunction associated with antidepressant agents: a prospective multicenter study of 1022 outpatients, J Clin Psychiatry, 62, 10

10.1017/S1092852900026353

Fava M, 2002, Sexual functioning and SSRIs, J Clin Psychiatry, 63, 13

10.1345/aph.1A195

10.1097/01.pra.0000351878.45260.94

10.2165/00003495-200565090-00002

10.1001/archpediatrics.2009.164

10.1016/j.clinthera.2009.07.009

10.1001/archpsyc.63.8.898

10.1176/appi.ajp.161.4.608

10.1002/da.20706

Kenkre AM, 2000, Oral health and treatment needs in institutionalized psychiatric patients in India, Indian J Dent Res, 11, 5

10.1111/j.1754-4505.1996.tb00839.x

10.1111/j.1754-4505.1997.tb00897.x

Velasco‐Ortega E, 2005, Temporomandibular disorders among schizophrenic patients. A case‐control study, Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal, 10, 315

10.1111/j.1754-4505.2001.tb00252.x

Clark DB, 2003, Dental care for the patient with bipolar disorder, J Can Dent Assoc, 69, 20

10.1111/j.1754-4505.1990.tb00782.x

10.1111/j.1600-0447.2004.00373.x

10.1177/0020764004043134

10.1016/S0924-9338(03)00023-3

10.1111/j.1752-7325.2007.00007.x

10.3109/00016359509005942

British Society for Disability and Oral Health.Oral health care for people with mental health problems — guidelines and recommendations.http:www.bsdh.org.uk.

10.14219/jada.archive.2002.0362

10.14219/jada.archive.2002.0236

Nielsen J, Determinants of poor dental care in patients with schizophrenia: a historical, prospective database study, J Clin Psychiatry

10.1007/s11020-005-7454-x

10.1111/j.1365-2850.2008.01364.x

Kwan S, 2010, Equity, social determinants and public health programmes, 159

10.1002/(SICI)1099-1166(200003)15:3<248::AID-GPS102>3.0.CO;2-L

10.1002/hup.917

10.1097/JCP.0b013e31819a91f1

Hert M, Second‐generation antipsychotics and constipation: a review of the literature, Eur Psychiatry

10.4088/JCP.v61n1009

10.2165/00019053-200523050-00006

10.1176/ajp.152.2.298a

10.4088/JCP.v69n0509