Physical activity, sex steroid, and growth factor concentrations in pre- and post-menopausal women: a cross-sectional study within the EPIC cohort

Cancer Causes & Control - Tập 25 - Trang 111-124 - 2013
S. Rinaldi1, R. Kaaks2, C. M. Friedenreich3, T. J. Key4, R. Travis4, C. Biessy1, N. Slimani1, K. Overvad5,6, J. N. Østergaard5,6, A. Tjønneland7, A. Olsen7, S. Mesrine8,9,10, A. Fournier8,9,11, L. Dossus8,12,10, A. Lukanova2,13, T. Johnson2, H. Boeing14, M. Vigl14, A. Trichopoulou15,16, V. Benetou15, D. Trichopoulos15,16,17, G. Masala18, V. Krogh19, R. Tumino20, F. Ricceri21, S. Panico22, H. B. Bueno-de-Mesquita23,24,25, E. M. Monninkhof26, A. M. May26, E. Weiderpass27,28,29,30, J. R. Quirós31, N. Travier32, E. Molina-Montes33,34, P. Amiano34,35, J. M. Huerta34,36, E. Ardanaz34,37, M. Sund38, M. Johansson1,39, K. T. Khaw40, N. Wareham41, A. Scalbert1, M. J. Gunter42, E. Riboli42, I. Romieu1
1International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
2German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
3Alberta Health Services-Cancer Care, Calgary, Canada
4University Of Oxford, Oxford, UK
5Section of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
6Department of Cardiology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
7Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Copenhagen, Denmark
8INSERM, Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), U1018, Nutrition, Hormones, and Women’s Health Team, Villejuif, France
9Univ Paris-Sud, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France
10Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
11Institut Gustave-Roussy, Villejuif, France
12Univ Paris Sud, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France
13Department of Medical Biosciences, University of Umeå, Umeå, Sweden
14German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
15Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
16Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
17Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
18Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Florence, Italy
19Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
20Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, “Civile—M.P.Arezzo” Hospital, ASP Ragusa, Italy
21Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology Unit, HuGeF—Human Genetics Foundation , Turin, Italy
22Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
23National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
24Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands
25The School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
26Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
27Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
28Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
29Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway
30Samfundet Folkhälsan, Helsinki, Finland
31Public Health Directorate, Oviedo, Spain
32Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Barcelona, Spain
33Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada, Spain
34CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
35Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, BioDonostia Research Institute, Health Department of Basque Region, San Sebastian, Spain
36Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, Murcia, Spain
37Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain
38Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Surgery, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
39Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine/Nutritional Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
40University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
41MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cambridge, UK
42Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK

Tóm tắt

Increased physical activity (PA) is associated with a reduced risk of several cancers. PA may reduce cancer risk by changing endogenous hormones levels, but relatively little research has focused on this topic. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the relation between PA and endogenous hormone concentrations. A cross-sectional analysis of 798 pre- and 1,360 post-menopausal women included as controls in case–control studies on endogenous hormones (steroids, progesterone, sex-hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), and growth factors) levels, and cancer risk nested within European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort was performed. Multivariate regression analyses were performed to compare geometric mean levels of hormones and SHBG by categories of PA. In pre-menopausal women, active women had 19 % significantly lower concentrations of androstenedione, 14 % lower testosterone, and 20 % lower free testosterone than inactive women, while no differences were observed for estrogens, progesterone, SHBG, and growth factors. In post-menopausal women, active women had 18 % significantly lower estradiol and 20 % lower free estradiol concentrations than inactive women, while no differences were observed for the other hormones and SHBG. More vigorous forms of physical activity were associated with higher insulin-like growth factor-I concentrations. Adjustment for body mass index did not alter the associations. Overall, the percentage of variance in hormone concentrations explained by PA levels was <2 %. Our results support the hypothesis of an influence, although small in magnitude, of PA on sex hormone levels in blood, independent of body size.

Tài liệu tham khảo

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