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Tình hình phân bố địa lý của phức hợp Chích Chùy: sự không thống nhất giữa giới hạn loài và dấu hiệu di truyền
Journal of Ornithology - 2017
Tóm tắt
Emberiza striolata từ lâu đã được coi là một loài đa hình đơn lẻ, nhưng các đánh giá phân loại gần đây về hình thái, âm thanh và dữ liệu di truyền của nó đã dẫn đến khuyến nghị công nhận hai loài trong phức hợp này, đó là Chích Chùy Emberiza sahari ở phía tây và Chích Striolated Emberiza striolata (bao gồm các phân loài Emberiza striolata saturiator và Emberiza striolata ‘jebelmarrae’) ở phía đông của khu vực phân bố. Tuy nhiên, những con chim được cho là trung gian đã được mô tả từ miền bắc Darfur, Sudan, và khối Ennedi, đông bắc Chad, gây nghi ngờ về giả thuyết hai loài này. Tại đây, chúng tôi cố gắng có mẫu địa lý toàn diện hơn cho tất cả các loại của E. sahari và E. striolata, và chúng tôi báo cáo kết quả của việc khảo sát các mẫu được cho là trung gian, cũng như việc xem xét lại chuỗi mẫu kiểu dài của phân loại gây tranh cãi Emberiza striolata ‘jebelmarrae’ mô tả từ Sudan phía tây. Kết quả của chúng tôi xác nhận sự phân hóa rõ rệt theo hướng đông-tây trong phức hợp Chích Chùy dựa trên hai dấu hiệu DNA ty thể (mtDNA), nhưng một cách bất ngờ cho thấy rằng các mẫu của E. striolata ‘jebelmarrae’ tập hợp với nhánh phía tây, trong khi hình thái của chúng rõ ràng liên quan đến các quần thể khác trong nhánh phía đông. Tuy nhiên, phân tích của chúng tôi cho thấy rằng tất cả các mẫu được cho là trung gian về hình thái có thể được phân loại một cách dứt khoát cùng với các ví dụ khác của nhánh phía tây (E. sahari). Hiện tại, không thể giải thích một cách dứt khoát vị trí phát sinh loài của E. striolata ‘jebelmarrae’, nhưng chúng tôi giả thuyết rằng tính đa hình trong mtDNA là kết quả của sự hòa huyết trong giai đoạn đầu của sự tiếp xúc thứ cấp, và không ảnh hưởng đến quyết định công nhận hai loài. Các mô hình quần thể không gian-thời gian phức tạp do những thay đổi khí hậu cuối Pleistocene có thể đã dẫn đến nhiều sự kiện tiếp xúc thứ cấp giữa các nhánh đông và tây.
Từ khóa
#Emberiza striolata #phân loại #mtDNA #Chích Chùy #di truyền họcTài liệu tham khảo
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