Phyllostomid Bats of Lowland Amazonia: Effects of Habitat Alteration on Abundance

Biotropica - Tập 39 Số 6 - Trang 737-746 - 2007
Michael R. Willig1, Steven J. Presley1, Christopher P. Bloch2, Christine L. Hice3, Stephen P. Yanoviak4, M. Mónica Díaz5,6, Lily Arias Chauca5, Víctor Pacheco7, Scott C. Weaver4
1Center for Environmental Sciences and Engineering and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, U.S.A.
2Department of Biological Sciences, Bridgewater State College, Bridgewater, Massachusetts 02325, U.S.A.
3Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, U.S.A.
4Department of Pathology and Center for Tropical Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555–0609, U.S.A.
5Department of Biological Sciences and the Museum, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409–3131, U.S.A.
6PIDBA, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Argentina
7Departamento de Mastozoologia, Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima-14, Perú

Tóm tắt

ABSTRACTHabitat fragmentation and conversion are among the human activities that pose the greatest threat to species persistence and conservation of biodiversity. This is particularly true in the Neotropics, where bats represent important components of biodiversity from taxonomic and functional perspectives, and provide critical ecosystem services (e.g., seed dispersal and pollination). We assessed the degree to which conversion of lowland Amazonian rain forest to agriculture, and its subsequent abandonment and secondary succession, affect the abundances of populations of phyllostomid bats in the vicinity of Iquitos, Perú. During 90,720 net‐m‐h of sampling, we captured 3789 bats of five families; of these 3764 were phyllostomids representing 44 species, 23 genera, and three feeding guilds. We focus on the 24 most abundant species of phyllostomids. In terms of abundance, frugivores dominated assemblages in all habitat types and seasons. Eight species consistently responded to habitat conversion, two species consistently responded to season, two species responded consistently to both habitat and season, and five species responded to habitat conversion in a season‐specific manner. Frugivores and nectarivores were abundant in areas that had been converted to agriculture, which suggests that these bats are resilient to extant levels of disturbance and may be important in promoting secondary succession. However, this result may be scale‐ or context‐dependent. If habitat conversion continues and dramatically reduces the areal extent and increases fragmentation of mature forest, then a complex metacommunity dynamic may characterize the region and source populations of bats may become threatened or extirpated locally.

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Biotropica

Tập 39 Số 6

737-746

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