Photocatalytic degradation of pharmaceutical and pesticide compounds (PPCs) using doped TiO2 nanomaterials: A review

Water-Energy Nexus - Tập 3 - Trang 46-61 - 2020
Kiran S. Varma1, Rajesh J. Tayade2, Kinjal J. Shah3, P.A. Joshi1, Atindra D. Shukla1, Vimal Gandhi1
1Department of Chemical Engineering & Shah Schulman Center for Surface Science and Nanotechnology, Dharmsinh Desai University, College Road, Nadiad 387 001, Gujarat, India
2Discipline of Inorganic Materials and Catalysis, Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), G.B. Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India
3College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China

Tóm tắt

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Abdel-Fatah, 2018, Nanofiltration systems and applications in wastewater treatment: review article, Ain Shams Eng. J., 9, 3077, 10.1016/j.asej.2018.08.001

Abdelhaleem, 2017, Photodegradation of 4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid under visible LED activated N-doped TiO2 and the mechanism of stepwise rate increment of the reused catalyst, J. Hazard. Mater., 338, 491, 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.05.056

Abdel-Shafy, 2002, Water issue in Egypt: Resources, pollution and protection endeavors, Central Eur. J. Med., 8, 1

Agrawal, 2010, Water pollution with special reference to pesticide contamination in india, J. Water Resour. Prot., 2, 432, 10.4236/jwarp.2010.25050

Ahmed, 2010, Heterogeneous photocatalytic degradation of phenols in wastewater: A review on current status and developments, Desalination, 261, 3, 10.1016/j.desal.2010.04.062

Ali, 2006, Advances in Water Treatment by Adsorption Technology, Nat. Protoc., 1, 2661, 10.1038/nprot.2006.370

Ali, 2018, Enhanced photocatalytic and antibacterial activities of Ag-doped TiO2 nanoparticles under visible light, Mater. Chem. Phys., 212, 325, 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2018.03.052

Anandan, 2010, An overview of semi-conductor photocatalysis: modification of TiO2 nanomaterials, Solid State Phenom., 162, 239, 10.4028/www.scientific.net/SSP.162.239

Andreozzi, 1999, Advanced oxidation processes (AOP) for water purification and recovery, Catal. Today, 53, 51, 10.1016/S0920-5861(99)00102-9

Ansari, 2016, Nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide (N-doped TiO2) for visible light photocatalysis, New J. Chem., 40, 3000, 10.1039/C5NJ03478G

Artsupho, 2016, Effect of temperature on increasing biogas production from sugar industrial wastewater treatment by UASB process in pilot scale, Energy Procedia, 100, 30, 10.1016/j.egypro.2016.10.143

Asiltürk, 2009, Effect of Fe3+ ion doping to TiO2 on the photocatalytic degradation of Malachite Green dye under UV and vis-irradiation, J. Photochem. Photobiol. A., 203, 64, 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2008.12.021

Azami, 2017, N-doped TiO2 synthesised via microwave induced photocatalytic on RR4 dye removal under LED light irradiation, Sains Malays., 46, 1309, 10.17576/jsm-2017-4608-17

Bakar, 2016, Synergistic effect on the photocatalytic activity of N-doped TiO2 nanorods synthesised by novel route with exposed (110) facet, J. Alloys Compd., 666, 38, 10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.01.112

Barkul, 2017, Sunlight-assisted photocatalytic degradation of textile effluent and Rhodamine B by using iodine doped TiO2 nanoparticles, J. Photochem. Photobiol. A, 349, 138, 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2017.09.011

Barwal, 2014, To study the performance of biocarriers in moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) technology and kinetics of biofilm for retrofitting the existing aerobic treatment systems: a review, Rev. Environ. Sci. Bio/Technol., 13, 285, 10.1007/s11157-014-9333-7

Behnajady, 2011, Synthesis of Mg-doped TiO2 nanoparticles under different conditions and its photocatalytic activity, Photochem. Photobiol., 87, 1308, 10.1111/j.1751-1097.2011.01002.x

Behnajady, 2011, Influence of the chemical structure of organic pollutants on photocatalytic activity of TiO2 nanoparticles: Kinetic analysis and evaluation of electrical energy per order (EEO), Dig. J. Nanomater. Biostruct., 6, 1887

Bhatia, 2016, Transition metal doped TiO2 mediated photocatalytic degradation of anti-inflammatory drug under solar irradiations, J. Environ. Chem. Eng., 4, 1267, 10.1016/j.jece.2016.01.032

Blanco-Vega, 2017, Photocatalytic elimination of bisphenol A under visible light using Ni-doped TiO2 synthesized by microwave assisted sol-gel method, Mater. Sci. Semicond. Process., 71, 275, 10.1016/j.mssp.2017.08.013

Boningari, 2018, Novel continuous single-step synthesis of nitrogen-modified TiO2 by flame spray pyrolysis for photocatalytic degradation of phenol in visible light, J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 34, 1494, 10.1016/j.jmst.2018.04.014

Boxi, 2015, Visible light induced enhanced photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants in aqueous media using Ag doped hollow TiO2 nanospheres, RSC Adv., 5, 37657, 10.1039/C5RA03421C

Bu, 2012, Effect of nitrogen doping on anatase-rutile phase transformation of TiO2, Appl. Surf. Sci., 258, 7997, 10.1016/j.apsusc.2012.04.154

Carp, 2004, Photoinduced reactivity of titanium dioxide, Prog. Solid State Chem., 32, 33, 10.1016/j.progsolidstchem.2004.08.001

Chatzitakis, 2008, Photocatalytic degradation and drug activity reduction of chloramphenicol, Water Res., 42, 386, 10.1016/j.watres.2007.07.030

Cheng, 2016, Hydroxyl radicals based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) for remediation of soils contaminated with organic compounds: a review, Chem. Eng. J., 284, 582, 10.1016/j.cej.2015.09.001

Chiang, 2014, Cu-TiO2 nanorods with enhanced ultraviolet- and visible-light photoactivity for bisphenol A degradation, J. Hazard. Mater., 277, 84, 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.01.047

Chowdhury, 2012, Visible-solar-light-driven photocatalytic degradation of phenol with dye-sensitized TiO2: parametric and kinetic study, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 51, 4523, 10.1021/ie2025213

Colón, 2006, Cu-doped TiO2 systems with improved photocatalytic activity, Appl. Catal. B, 67, 41, 10.1016/j.apcatb.2006.03.019

Connelly, 2012, Photoreaction of Au/TiO2 for hydrogen production from renewables: a review on the synergistic effect between anatase and rutile phases of TiO2, Mater. Renew. Sustain. Energy, 1, 3, 10.1007/s40243-012-0003-9

Crini, 2019, Advantages and disadvantages of techniques used for wastewater treatment, Environ. Chem. Lett., 17, 145, 10.1007/s10311-018-0785-9

Dai, 2013, Development of UV-LED/TiO2 device and their application for photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 22, 1035, 10.1007/s11665-012-0344-7

Dalrymple, 2007, Removing pharmaceuticals and endocrine-disrupting compounds from wastewater by photocatalysis, J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol., 82, 121, 10.1002/jctb.1657

Davididou, 2017, Photocatalytic degradation of saccharin under UV-LED and blacklight irradiation, J Chem. Technol. Biotechnol., 93

Davididou, 2018, Photocatalytic degradation of bisphenol-A under UV-LED, blacklight and solar irradiation, J. Cleaner Prod., 203, 10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.08.247

Dawod, 2008, Electrokinetic supercharging for on-line preconcentration of seven non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in water samples, J. Chromatogr. A, 1189, 278, 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.12.056

De la Cruz, 2013, Degradation of emergent contaminants by UV, UV/H2O2 and neutral photo-Fenton at pilot scale in a domestic wastewater treatment plant, Water Res., 47, 5836, 10.1016/j.watres.2013.07.005

De la Cruz, 2012, Degradation of 32 emergent contaminants by UV and neutral photo-fenton in domestic wastewater effluent previously treated by activated sludge, Water Res., 46, 1947, 10.1016/j.watres.2012.01.014

Devi, 2009, Preparation and characterization of Mn-doped titanates with a bicrystalline framework: correlation of the crystallite size with the synergistic effect on the photocatalytic activity, J. Phys. Chem. C, 113, 15593, 10.1021/jp903711a

Devi, 2010, Enhanced photocatalytic activity of transition metal ions Mn2+, Ni2+ and Zn2+ doped polycrystalline titania for the degradation of Aniline Blue under UV/solar light, J. Mol. Catal. A Chem., 328, 44, 10.1016/j.molcata.2010.05.021

Dhananjay, 2001, Photocatalytic degradation for environmental application-a review, J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol., 77, 102

Divya, 2013, Photocatalytic degradation of azo dye Orange II in aqueous solutions using copper-impregnated titania, Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol., 10, 1265, 10.1007/s13762-013-0238-8

Djurišić, 2014, Strategies for improving the efficiency of semiconductor metal oxide photocatalysis, Mater. Horiz., 1, 400, 10.1039/c4mh00031e

Dubey, 2017, Investigation of structural and optical properties of pure and chromium doped TiO2 nanoparticles prepared by solvothermal method, Results Phys., 7, 1283, 10.1016/j.rinp.2017.03.014

Feng, 2012, Hydrothermal synthesis and photocatalytic performance of metal-ions doped TiO2, Appl. Catal. A., 413–414, 238, 10.1016/j.apcata.2011.11.014

Fernández-Alba, 2001, Toxicity of pesticides in wastewater: a comparative assessment of rapid bioassays, Anal. Chim. Acta, 426, 289, 10.1016/S0003-2670(00)00874-6

Gandhi, 2012, Titanium dioxide catalyzed photocatalytic degradation of carboxylic acids from waste water: a review, Mater. Sci. Forum., 712, 175, 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.712.175

Gandhi, 2011, Comparative study on nano-crystalline titanium dioxide catalyzed photocatalytic degradation of aromatic carboxylic acids in aqueous medium, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 17, 331, 10.1016/j.jiec.2011.02.035

Gandhi, 2012, A study on deactivation and regeneration of titanium dioxide during photocatalytic degradation of phthalic acid, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 18, 1902, 10.1016/j.jiec.2012.05.001

Gao, 2010, Zr-doped TiO2 for enhanced photocatalytic degradation of bisphenol A, Appl. Catal A., 375, 107, 10.1016/j.apcata.2009.12.025

García-Araya, 2010, Diclofenac removal from water by ozone and photolytic TiO2 catalysed processes, J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol., 85, 798, 10.1002/jctb.2363

Gaya, 2008, Heterogeneous photocatalytic degradation of organic contaminants over titanium dioxide: a review of fundamentals, progress and problems, J. Photochem. Photobiol. C, 9, 1, 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2007.12.003

Gilbert, 2015, Comparing different reactor configurations for Partial Nitritation/Anammox at low temperatures, Water Res., 81, 92, 10.1016/j.watres.2015.05.022

Giraldo, 2010, Degradation of the antibiotic oxolinic acid by photocatalysis with TiO2 in suspension, Water Res., 44, 5158, 10.1016/j.watres.2010.05.011

Gnanasekaran, 2016, Intermediate state created by dopant ions (Mn, Co and Zr) into TiO2 nanoparticles for degradation of dyes under visible light, J. Mol. Liq., 223, 652, 10.1016/j.molliq.2016.08.105

Grabowska, 2009, Boron-doped TiO2: Characteristics and photoactivity under visible light, Procedia Chem., 1, 1553, 10.1016/j.proche.2009.11.003

Han, 2009, Tailored titanium dioxide photocatalysts for the degradation of organic dyes in wastewater treatment: a review, Appl. Catal. A, 359, 25, 10.1016/j.apcata.2009.02.043

Herrmann, 1999, Heterogeneous photocatalysis: fundamentals and applications to the removal of various types of aqueous pollutants, Catal. Today, 53, 115, 10.1016/S0920-5861(99)00107-8

Herrmann, 1998, TiO2-based solar photocatalytic detoxification of water containing organic pollutants. Case studies of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyaceticacid (2,4-D) and of benzofuran, Appl. Catal. B, 17, 15, 10.1016/S0926-3373(97)00098-2

Hinojosa-Reyes, 2019, Promotional effect of metal doping on nanostructured TiO2 during the photocatalytic degradation of 4-chlorophenol and naproxen sodium as pollutants, Mater. Sci. Semicond. Process, 100, 130, 10.1016/j.mssp.2019.04.050

Hu, 2012, One-step cohydrothermal synthesis of nitrogen-doped titanium oxide nanotubes with enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity, Int. J. Photoenergy, 10.1155/2012/391958

Humayun, 2018, Modification strategies of TiO2 for potential applications in photocatalysis: a critical review, Green Chem. Lett. Rev., 11, 86, 10.1080/17518253.2018.1440324

Jiang, 2015, Effect of cobalt doping on the electronic, optical and photocatalytic properties of TiO2, Solid State Sci., 46, 27, 10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2015.05.007

Jo, 2014, New generation energy-efficient light source for photocatalysis: leds for environmental applications, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 53, 2073, 10.1021/ie404176g

Jo, 2014, Synergetic effect of adsorption on degradation of malachite green dye under blue LED irradiation using spiral-shaped photocatalytic reactor, J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol., 90, 2280, 10.1002/jctb.4547

Kadam, 2014, Preparation of N doped TiO2 via microwave-assisted method and its photocatalytic activity for degradation of Malathion, Spectrochim. Acta Part A, 133, 669, 10.1016/j.saa.2014.06.020

Kamat, 2007, Meeting the clean energy demand: nanostructure architectures for solar energy conversion, J. Phys. Chem. C, 111, 2834, 10.1021/jp066952u

Kamble, 2003, Batch and continuous photocatalytic degradation of benzenesulfonic acid using concentrated solar radiation, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 42, 6705, 10.1021/ie030493r

Kaneco, 2009, Titanium dioxide mediated solar photocatalytic degradation of thiram in aqueous solution: kinetics and mineralization, Chem. Eng. J., 148, 50, 10.1016/j.cej.2008.07.029

Karthikeyan, 2006, Occurrence of antibiotics in wastewater treatment facilities in Wisconsin, USA, Sci. Total Environ., 361, 196, 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2005.06.030

Kaur, 2016, Utilization of solar energy for the degradation of carbendazim and propiconazole by Fe doped TiO2, Sol. Energy, 125, 65, 10.1016/j.solener.2015.12.001

Kim, 2005, Visible light active platinum-ion-doped TiO2 photocatalyst, J. Phys. Chem. B, 109, 24260, 10.1021/jp055278y

Kositzi, 2004, Solar photocatalytic treatment of synthetic municipal wastewater, Water Res., 38, 1147, 10.1016/j.watres.2003.11.024

Krejčíková, 2012, Preparation and characterization of Ag-doped crystalline titania for photocatalysis applications, Appl. Catal B, 111–112, 119, 10.1016/j.apcatb.2011.09.024

Krishnakumar, 2016, Effect of Cu doping on TiO2 nanoparticles and its photocatalytic activity under visible light, J. Mater. Sci.: Mater Electron., 27, 7438

Krishnan, S., Rawindran, H., Sinnathambi, C., Lim, J., 2017. Comparison of various advanced oxidation processes used in remediation of industrial wastewater laden with recalcitrant pollutants. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 206.

Kumar, 2011, Review on modified TiO2 photocatalysis under UV/visible light: selected results and related mechanisms on interfacial charge carrier transfer dynamics, J. Phys. Chem. A, 115, 13211, 10.1021/jp204364a

Kundu, 2014, Removal of ofloxacin from aqueous phase using Ni-doped TiO2 nanoparticles under solar irradiation, J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol., 14, 6991, 10.1166/jnn.2014.9238

Kuo, 2010, Analyses of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in environmental water samples with microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography, Anal. Sci., 26, 703, 10.2116/analsci.26.703

Lapworth, 2012, Emerging organic contaminants in groundwater: a review of sources, fate and occurrence, Environ. Pollut., 163, 287, 10.1016/j.envpol.2011.12.034

Lazar, 2012, Photocatalytic water treatment by titanium dioxide: recent updates, Catalysts, 2, 572, 10.3390/catal2040572

Leong, 2014, Synthesis of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) triggered Ag/TiO2 photocatalyst for degradation of endocrine disturbing compounds, Appl. Surf. Sci., 319, 128, 10.1016/j.apsusc.2014.06.153

Li, 2015, State-of-the-Art progress in diverse heterostructured photocatalysts toward promoting photocatalytic performance, Adv. Funct. Mater., 25, 998, 10.1002/adfm.201401636

Li, 2001, Study of Au/Au3+-TiO2 Photocatalysts toward visible photooxidation for water and wastewater treatment, Environ. Sci. Technol., 35, 2381, 10.1021/es001752w

Mahlambi, 2015, Recent developments in environmental photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants: the case of titanium dioxide nanoparticles-a review, J. Nanomater., 1, 10.1155/2015/790173

Maktabifard, 2018, Achieving energy neutrality in wastewater treatment plants through energy savings and enhancing renewable energy production, Rev. Environ. Sci. Bio/Technol., 17, 655, 10.1007/s11157-018-9478-x

Malakootian, 2019, Photocatalytic degradation of metronidazole from aquatic solution by TiO2-doped Fe3+ nano-photocatalyst, Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol., 16, 4275, 10.1007/s13762-018-1836-2

Malghe, 2015, Nano sized C-Doped TiO2 as a visible-light photocatalyst for the degradation of 2,4,6- Trichlorophenol, Adv. Mater. Lett., 6, 695, 10.5185/amlett.2015.5800

Marschall, 2014, Non-metal doping of transition metal oxides for visible-light photocatalysis, Catal. Today, 225, 111, 10.1016/j.cattod.2013.10.088

Maspolim, 2015, The Effect of pH on solubilization of organic matter and microbial community structures in sludge fermentation, Bioresour. Technol., 190, 289, 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.04.087

Matsumura, 2004, Toxic effects of ultraviolet radiation on the skin, Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 195, 298, 10.1016/j.taap.2003.08.019

McCullagh, 2011, Photocatalytic reactors for environmental remediation: a review, J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol., 86, 1002, 10.1002/jctb.2650

Méndez, 2017, Emerging pollutant treatments in wastewater: cases of antibiotics and hormones, J. Environ. Sci. Health Part A: Toxic/Hazard. Subst. Environ. Eng., 52, 235, 10.1080/10934529.2016.1253391

Mitsika, 2013, Fenton and Fenton-like oxidation of pesticide acetamiprid in water samples: kinetic study of the degradation and optimization using response surface methodology, Chemosphere, 93, 1818, 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.06.033

Mogal, 2014, Single-step synthesis of silver-doped titanium dioxide: influence of silver on structural, textural, and photocatalytic properties, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 53, 5749, 10.1021/ie404230q

Mogal, 2013, Metal doped titanium dioxide: synthesis and effect of metal ions on physico-chemical and photocatalytic properties, Mater. Sci. Forum, 734, 364, 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.734.364

Mohammadi, R., Massoumi, B., Eskandarloo, H., 2014. Preparation and characterization of Sn/Zn/TiO2 photocatalyst for enhanced amoxicillin trihydrate degradation. Desalin. Water Treat.

Mohammadi, 2012, Photocatalytic decomposition of amoxicillin trihydrate antibiotic in aqueous solutions under UV irradiation using Sn/TiO2 nanoparticles, Int. J. Photoenergy, 10.1155/2012/514856

Molla, 2017, Photocatalytic decolorization of dye with self-dye-sensitization under fluorescent light irradiation, ChemEngineering, 1, 8, 10.3390/chemengineering1020008

Mosleh, 2016, Sonophotocatalytic degradation of trypan blue and vesuvine dyes in the presence of blue light active photocatalyst of Ag3PO4/Bi2S3-HKUST-1-MOF: central composite optimization and synergistic effect study, Ultrason. Sonochem., 32, 387, 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2016.04.007

Munter, 2001, Advanced oxidation processes-current status and prospects, Proc. Estonian Acad. Sci. Chem., 50, 59, 10.3176/chem.2001.2.01

Naeem, 2009, Parameters effect on heterogeneous photocatalysed degradation of phenol in aqueous dispersion of TiO2, J. Environ. Sci., 21, 527, 10.1016/S1001-0742(08)62303-7

Naidu, 2016, Emerging contaminants in the environment: risk-based analysis for better management, Chemosphere, 154, 350, 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.03.068

Nakhate, 2010, Hydrothermally derived nanosized Ni-doped TiO2: a visible light driven photocatalyst for methylene blue degradation, Mater. Chem. Phys., 124, 976, 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2010.08.007

Narayana, 2011, Photocatalytic decolourization of basic green dye by pure and Fe, Co doped TiO2 under daylight illumination, Desalination, 269, 249, 10.1016/j.desal.2010.11.007

Nasi, 2019, Application of reverse micelle sol–gel synthesis for bulk doping and heteroatoms surface enrichment in Mo-Doped TiO2 nanoparticles, Materials, 12, 937, 10.3390/ma12060937

Natarajan, 2011, Photocatalytic reactor based on UV-LED/TiO2 coated quartz tube for degradation of dyes, Chem. Eng. J., 178, 40, 10.1016/j.cej.2011.10.007

Natarajan, 2011, Energy efficient UV-LED source and TiO2 nanotube array-based reactor for photocatalytic application, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 50, 7753, 10.1021/ie200493k

Natarajan, 2013, Enhanced photocatalytic activity of bismuth-doped TiO2 nanotubes under direct sunlight irradiation for degradation of Rhodamine B dye, J. Nanopart. Res., 15, 1, 10.1007/s11051-013-1669-3

Neville, 2012, Carbon-doped TiO2 and carbon, tungsten-codoped TiO2 through sol–gel processes in the presence of melamine borate: reflections through photocatalysis, J. Phys. Chem. C, 116, 16511, 10.1021/jp303645p

Ng, 2016, Photocatalytic degradation of recalcitrant POME waste by using silver doped titania: photokinetics and scavenging studies, Chem. Eng. J., 286, 282, 10.1016/j.cej.2015.10.072

Nguyen Thi Thu, 2016, Synthesis, characterisation, and effect of pH on degradation of dyes of copper-doped TiO2, J. Exp. Nanosci., 11, 226, 10.1080/17458080.2015.1053541

Niu, 2014, P-doped TiO2 with superior visible-light activity prepared by rapid microwave hydrothermal method, Appl. Surf. Sci., 319, 99, 10.1016/j.apsusc.2014.07.048

Oturan, 2014, Advanced oxidation processes in water/wastewater treatment: principles and applications. a review, Crit. Rev. Environ. Sci. Technol., 44, 2577, 10.1080/10643389.2013.829765

Parangi, 2019, Titania nanoparticles as modified photocatalysts: a review on design and development, Comments Inorg. Chem., 39, 90, 10.1080/02603594.2019.1592751

Pelaez, 2012, A review on the visible light active titanium dioxide photocatalysts for environmental applications, Appl. Catal. B, 125, 331, 10.1016/j.apcatb.2012.05.036

Pongwan, 2012, Highly efficient visible-light-induced photocatalytic activity of Fe-doped TiO2 nanoparticles, Eng. J., 16, 13, 10.4186/ej.2012.16.3.143

Rajaraman, 2019, Black TiO2: a review of its properties and conflicting trends, Chem. Eng. J., 389

Rauf, 2011, An overview on the photocatalytic degradation of azo dyes in the presence of TiO2 doped with selective transition metals, Desalination, 276, 13, 10.1016/j.desal.2011.03.071

Ren, 2007, Low temperature preparation and visible light photocatalytic activity of mesoporous carbon-doped crystalline TiO2, Appl. Catal. B, 69, 138, 10.1016/j.apcatb.2006.06.015

Sable, 2018, Catalytic oxidative degradation of phenol using iron oxide promoted sulfonated-ZrO2 by advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), J. Taiwan Inst. Chem. E, 91, 434, 10.1016/j.jtice.2018.06.030

Santos, 2007, Occurrence and risk assessment of pharmaceutically active compounds in wastewater treatment plants. A case study: seville city (Spain), Environ. Int., 33, 596, 10.1016/j.envint.2006.09.014

Sarkar, 2003, Modeling the adsorption kinetics of some priority organic pollutants in water from diffusion and activation energy parameters, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 266, 28, 10.1016/S0021-9797(03)00551-4

Sathishkumar, 2011, Synthesis of Fe3+ doped TiO2 photocatalysts for the visible assisted degradation of an azo dye, Colloids Surf A, 375, 231, 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2010.12.022

Scott, 2011, Policy and institutional dimensions of the water-energy nexus, Energy Policy, 39, 6622, 10.1016/j.enpol.2011.08.013

Shah, K. J. and Chang, P. C., 2018. Shape-Control Synthesis and Photocatalytic Applications of CeO2 to Remediate Organic Pollutant Containing Wastewater: A Review, in Tayade, R. J., Gandhi, V. (Eds.), Photocatalytic nanomaterials for environmental applications. Materials Research Forum LLC, USA, (27) pp 316–342.

Shah, K. J. Pan, Y. A., Gandhi, V., Chiang, P. C., 2018. Photo electrochemical reduction of CO2 to solar fuel: a review, in Tayade, R. J., Gandhi, V. (Eds.), Photocatalytic nanomaterials for environmental applications. Materials Research Forum LLC, USA, (27) pp. 211–235.

Sharma, 2019, Health and ecological risk assessment of emerging contaminants (pharmaceuticals, personal care products, and artificial sweeteners) in surface and groundwater (drinking water) in the Ganges River Basin, India, Sci. Total Environ., 646, 1459, 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.235

Shetty, 2017, Photocatalytic degradation of pharmaceuticals pollutants using N-doped TiO2 photocatalyst: identification of CFX degradation intermediates, Indian Chem. Eng., 59, 177, 10.1080/00194506.2016.1150794

Shokri, 2013, Photocatalytic degradation of chloramphenicol in an aqueous suspension of silver-doped TiO2 nanoparticles, Environ. Technol., 34, 1161, 10.1080/09593330.2012.743589

Sin, 2012, Degrading endocrine disrupting chemicals from wastewater by TiO2 photocatalysis: a review, Int. J. Photoenergy, 10.1155/2012/185159

Sood, 2015, Highly effective Fe-doped TiO2 nanoparticles photocatalysts for visible-light driven photocatalytic degradation of toxic organic compounds, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 450, 213, 10.1016/j.jcis.2015.03.018

Subagio, 2010, Photocatalytic degradation of bisphenol-A by nitrogen-doped TiO2 hollow sphere in a vis-LED photoreactor, Appl. Catal B, 95, 414, 10.1016/j.apcatb.2010.01.021

Sun, 2008, Photocatalytic degradation of Orange G on nitrogen-doped TiO2 catalysts under visible light and sunlight irradiation, J. Hazard. Mater., 155, 312, 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.11.062

Sung-Suh, 2004, Comparison of Ag deposition effects on the photocatalytic activity of nanoparticulate TiO2 under visible and UV light irradiation, J. Photochem. Photobiol. A, 163, 37, 10.1016/S1010-6030(03)00428-3

Surenjan, 2019, Application and performance evaluation of a cost-effective vis-LED based fluidized bed reactor for the treatment of emerging contaminants, Chemosphere, 228, 629, 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.04.179

Suwarnkar, 2014, Enhanced photocatalytic activity of Ag doped TiO2 nanoparticles synthesized by a microwave assisted method, Ceram. Int., 40, 5489, 10.1016/j.ceramint.2013.10.137

Tambosi, 2009, Physicochemical and advanced oxidation processes-a comparison of elimination results of antibiotic compounds following an MBR treatment, Ozone: Sci. Eng., 31, 428, 10.1080/01919510903324420

Tan, 2011, An Overview on the photocatalytic activity of nano-doped-TiO2 in the degradation of organic pollutants, ISRN Mater. Sci., 10.5402/2011/261219

Tayade, 2006, Photocatalytic degradation of aqueous nitrobenzene by nanocrystalline TiO2, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 45, 922, 10.1021/ie051060m

Teh, 2011, Roles of titanium dioxide and ion-doped titanium dioxide on photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants (phenolic compounds and dyes) in aqueous solutions: a review, J. Alloys Compd., 509, 1648, 10.1016/j.jallcom.2010.10.181

Teoh, 2012, Progress in heterogeneous photocatalysis: from classical radical chemistry to engineering nanomaterials and solar reactors, J. Phys. Chem. Lett., 3, 629, 10.1021/jz3000646

Tian, 2012, One-step preparation, characterization and visible-light photocatalytic activity of Cr-doped TiO2 with anatase and rutile bicrystalline phases, Chem. Eng. J., 191, 402, 10.1016/j.cej.2012.03.038

Vega, 2018, Visible light photocatalytic activity of sol-gel Ni-doped TiO2 on p-arsanilic acid degradation, J. Sol-Gel Sci. Technol., 85, 10.1007/s10971-018-4579-0

Venkatachalam, 2007, Enhanced photocatalytic degradation of 4-chlorophenol by Zr4+ doped nano TiO2, J. Mol. Catal. A Chem., 266, 158, 10.1016/j.molcata.2006.10.051

Wang, 1999, Photocatalytic degradation of 2-chloro and 2-nitrophenol by titanium dioxide suspensions in aqueous solution, Appl. Catal B, 21, 1, 10.1016/S0926-3373(98)00116-7

Wang, 2016, Industrial water pollution, water environment treatment, and health risks in China, Environ. Pollut., 218, 358, 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.07.011

Wittlich, 2016, An approximation of occupational lifetime UVR exposure: algorithm for retrospective assessment and current measurements, J. Eur. Acad. Dermatol. Venereol., 30, 27, 10.1111/jdv.13607

Xiao, 2008, Solar photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue in carbon-doped TiO2 nanoparticles suspension, Sol. Energy, 82, 706, 10.1016/j.solener.2008.02.006

Xiong, 2013, Tunable BiOCl hierarchical nanostructures for high-efficient photocatalysis under visible light irradiation, Chem. Eng. J., 220, 228, 10.1016/j.cej.2013.01.033

Xu, 2009, Low-temperature preparation of Boron-doped titania by hydrothermal method and its photocatalytic activity, J. Alloys Compd., 484, 73, 10.1016/j.jallcom.2009.04.156

Yadav, 2016, Enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity of Cr3+-doped anatase TiO2 nanoparticles synthesized by sol–gel method, J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron., 27, 526

Yang, 2012, Low-temperature solvothermal synthesis of visible-light-responsive S-doped TiO2 nanocrystal, Appl. Surf. Sci., 258, 4016, 10.1016/j.apsusc.2011.12.092

Yang, 2010, Mixed phase titania nanocomposite codoped with metallic silver and vanadium oxide: new efficient photocatalyst for dye degradation, J. Hazard. Mater., 175, 429, 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.10.024

Yi, 2019, The preparation of amorphous TiO2 doped with cationic S and its application to the degradation of DCFs under visible light irradiation, Sci. Total Environ., 684, 527, 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.338

Yu, 2012, Sonochemical fabrication of novel square-shaped F Doped TiO2 nanocrystals with enhanced performance in photocatalytic degradation of phenol, J. Hazard. Mater., 237–238, 38, 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.07.072

Zaleska-Medynska, 2008, Doped-TiO2: a review, Recent Pat. Eng., 2, 157, 10.2174/187221208786306289

Zatloukalová, 2017, Photocatalytic degradation of endocrine disruptor compounds in water over immobilized TiO2 photocatalysts, Iran. J. Chem. Chem. Eng., 36, 29

Zhang, 2015, Visible-light photocatalytic activity of N-doped TiO2 nanotube arrays on acephate degradation, J. Nanomater., 1

Zhang, 2012, Ethanol supercritical route for fabricating bimodal carbon modified mesoporous TiO2 with enhanced photocatalytic capability in degrading phenol, Appl. Catal. B, 115–116, 236, 10.1016/j.apcatb.2011.12.031

Zheng, 2017, Photocatalytic membrane reactors (PMRs) in water treatment: configurations and influencing factors, Catalysts, 7, 224, 10.3390/catal7080224

Zhou, 2002, Advanced technologies in water and wastewater treatment, J. Environ. Eng. Sci., 1, 247, 10.1139/s02-020

Zielińska, 2010, Silver-doped TiO2 prepared by microemulsion method: surface properties, bio- and photoactivity, Sep. Purif. Technol., 72, 309, 10.1016/j.seppur.2010.03.002