Phosphatbinder

Der Nephrologe - Tập 8 - Trang 43-49 - 2013
M. Ketteler1
1Medizinische Klinik III: Nephrologie, Klinikum Coburg GmbH, Coburg, Deutschland

Tóm tắt

Hyperphosphatämie ist ein typischer Befund im Endstadium chronischer Nierenerkrankungen („chronic kidney disease“, CKD). Präklinische und Beobachtungsstudien weisen überzeugend und nachdrücklich darauf hin, dass die Hyperphosphatämie unmittelbar pathogenetisch bedeutsam ist für kardiovaskuläre Komplikationen, insbesondere für das Auftreten progressiver Gefäß- und Weichteilverkalkungen, sowie für die Gesamt- und die kardiovaskuläre Mortalität dieser Population. Insofern spielt das adäquate Management des Phosphathaushalts derzeit eine zentrale Rolle bei der Behandlung von CKD-Patienten. Neben diätetischer Phosphatrestriktion und Modifikationen des Dialyseregimes kommen hier in erster Linie Phosphatbinder zum Einsatz. Diese Übersichtsarbeit fokussiert auf die Therapierationale der Hyperphosphatämie, auf die Stärken und Limitationen der verfügbaren Phosphatbinder, auf neue Erkenntnisse zur Phosphatregulation und auf deren Konsequenzen für zukünftige Therapiestrategien sowie auf potenziell neue Behandlungsansätze.

Tài liệu tham khảo

Zhang QL, Rothenbacher D (2008) Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in population-based studies: systematic review. BMC Public Health 8:117 Couser WG, Remuzzi G, Mendis S, Tonelli M (2011) The contribution of chronic kidney disease to the global burden of major noncommunicable diseases. Kidney Int 80:1258–1270 Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) CKD-MBD Work Group (2009) KDIGO clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis, evaluation, prevention, and treatment of chronic kidney disease – mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD). Kidney Int Suppl 76(Suppl 113):S1–S130 Giachelli CM (2009) The emerging role of phosphate in vascular calcification. Kidney Int 75:890–897 Floege J, Kim J, Ireland E et al (2011) Serum iPTH, calcium and phosphate, and the risk of mortality in a European haemodialysis population. Nephrol Dial Transplant 26:1948−1955 Tentori F, Blayney MJ, Albert JM et al (2008) Mortality risk for dialysis patients with different levels of serum calcium, phosphorus, and PTH: the Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (DOPPS). Am J Kidney Dis 52:519−530 Block GA, Hulbert-Shearon TE, Levin NW, Port FK (1998) Association of serum phosphorus and calcium x phosphate product with mortality risk in chronic hemodialysis patients: a national study. Am J Kidney Dis 31:607−617 Block GA, Klassen PS, Lazarus JM et al (2004) Mineral metabolism, mortality, and morbidity in maintenance hemodialysis. JASN 15:2208−2218 Slinin Y, Foley RN, Collins AJ (2005) Calcium, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone, and cardiovascular disease in hemodialysis patients: the USRDS waves 1, 3, and 4 study. JASN 16:1788−1793 Tonelli M, Pannu N, Manns B (2010) Oral phosphate binders in patients with kidney failure. N Engl J Med 362:1312−1324 Miyamoto K, Haito-Sugino S, Kuwahara S et al (2011) Sodium-dependent phosphate cotransporters: lessons from gene knockout and mutation studies. J Pharm Sci 100:3719−3730 Mizobuchi M, Towler D, Slatopolsky E (2009) Vascular calcification: the killer of patients with chronic kidney disease. JASN 20:1453−1464 Sigrist MK, Taal MW, Bungay P, McIntyre CW (2007) Progressive vascular calcification over 2 years is associated with arterial stiffening and increased mortality in patients with stages 4 and 5 chronic kidney disease. CJASN 2:1241–1248 Block GA, Wheeler DC, Persky MS et al (2012) Effects of phosphate binders in moderate CKD. JASN 23:1407–1415 Russo D, Miranda I, Ruocco C et al (2007) The progression of coronary artery calcification in predialysis patients on calcium carbonate or sevelamer. Kidney Int 72:1255–1261 KDOQI, National Kidney Foundation (2006) KDOQI clinical practice guidelines and clinical practice recommendations for anemia in chronic kidney disease. Am J Kidney Dis 47(Suppl 3):S11–S145 Heng A-E, Cano NJM (2010) Nutritional problems in adult patients with stage 5 chronic kidney disease on dialysis (both haemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis). Nephrol Dial Transplant Plus 3:109–117, 118 Noori N, Kalantar-Zadeh K, Kovesdy CP et al (2010) Association of dietary phosphorus intake and phosphorus to protein ratio with mortality in hemodialysis patients. CJASN 5:683–692 Shinaberger CS, Greenland S, Kopple JD et al (2008) Is controlling phosphorus by decreasing dietary protein intake beneficial or harmful in persons with chronic kidney disease? Am J Clin Nutr 88:1511–1518 Lynch KE, Lynch R, Curhan GC, Brunelli SM (2011) Prescribed dietary phosphate restriction and survival among hemodialysis patients. CJASN 6:620–629 Sullivan C, Sayre SS, Leon JB et al (2009) Effect of food additives on hyperphosphatemia among patients with end-stage renal disease: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 301:629–635 Isakova T, Gutiérrez OM, Chang Y et al (2009) Phosphorus binders and survival on hemodialysis. JASN 20:388–396 Cannata-Andia JB (2012) The use of phosphate binding agents is associated with lower mortality: results from the COSMOS study. 49th ERA-EDTA Congress, May 24–27, 2012, Paris Lopes AA, Tong L, Thumma J et al (2012) Phosphate binder use and mortality among hemodialysis patients in the Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (DOPPS): evaluation of possible confounding by nutritional status. Am J Kidney Dis 60:90–101 Qunibi WY, Hootkins RE, McDowell LL et al (2004) Treatment of hyperphosphatemia in hemodialysis patients: The Calcium Acetate Renagel Evaluation (CARE Study). Kidney Int 65:1914–1926 Brewster UC, Ciampi MA, Abu-Alfa AK, Reilly RF (2006) Long-term comparison of sevelamer hydrochloride to calcium-containing phosphate binders. Nephrology (Carlton) 11:142–146 Jean G, Lataillade D, Genet L et al (2011) Calcium carbonate, but not sevelamer, is associated with better outcomes in hemodialysis patients: results from the French ARNOS study. Hemodial Int 15:485–492 Goodman WG, Goldin J, Kuizon BD et al (2000) Coronary-artery calcification in young adults with end-stage renal disease who are undergoing dialysis. N Engl J Med 342:1478–1483 Francisco AL de, Leidig M, Covic AC et al (2010) Evaluation of calcium acetate/magnesium carbonate as a phosphate binder compared with sevelamer hydrochloride in haemodialysis patients: a controlled randomized study (CALMAG study) assessing efficacy and tolerability. Nephrol Dial Transplant 25:3707–3717 Wrong O, Harland C (2008) Sevelamer. Nephrol Dial Transplant 23:2108 De Santo NG, Frangiosa A, Anastasio P et al (2006) Sevelamer worsens metabolic acidosis in hemodialysis patients. J Nephrol 19(Suppl 9):S108–S114 Delmez J, Block G, Robertson J et al (2007) A randomized, double-blind, crossover design study of sevelamer hydrochloride and sevelamer carbonate in patients on hemodialysis. Clin Nephrol 68:386–391 Pai AB, Shepler BM (2009) Comparison of sevelamer hydrochloride and sevelamer carbonate: risk of metabolic acidosis and clinical implications. Pharmacotherapy 29:554–561 Suki WN, Zabaneh R, Cangiano JL et al (2007) Effects of sevelamer and calcium-based phosphate binders on mortality in hemodialysis patients. Kidney Int 72:1130–1137 Di Iorio B, Bellasi A, Russo D; IDEPENDENT Study Investigators (2012) Mortality in kidney disease patients treated with phosphate binders: a randomized study. CJASN 7:487–493 Block GA, Spiegel DM, Ehrlich J et al (2005) Effects of sevelamer and calcium on coronary artery calcification in patients new to hemodialysis. Kidney Int 68:1815–1824 Braun J, Asmus HG, Holzer H et al (2004) Long-term comparison of a calcium-free phosphate binder and calcium carbonate – phosphorus metabolism and cardiovascular calcification. Clin Nephrol 62:104–115 Chertow GM, Burke SK, Raggi P; Treat to Goal Working Group (2002) Sevelamer attenuates the progression of coronary and aortic calcification in hemodialysis patients. Kidney Int 62:245–252 Qunibi W, Moustafa M, Muenz LR et al (2008) A 1-year randomized trial of calcium acetate versus sevelamer on progression of coronary artery calcification in hemodialysis patients with comparable lipid control: the Calcium Acetate Renagel Evaluation-2 (CARE-2) study. Am J Kidney Dis 51:952–965 Zhang Q, Li M, Lu Y et al (2010) Meta-analysis comparing sevelamer and calcium-based phosphate binders on cardiovascular calcification in hemodialysis patients. Nephron Clin Pract 115:c259–c267 Brandenburg VM, Schlieper G, Heussen N et al (2010) Serological cardiovascular and mortality risk predictors in dialysis patients receiving sevelamer: a prospective study. Nephrol Dial Transplant 25:2672–2679 Finn WF, SPD 405–307 Lanthanum Study Group (2006) Lanthanum carbonate versus standard therapy for the treatment of hyperphosphatemia: safety and efficacy in chronic maintenance hemodialysis patients. Clin Nephrol 65:191–202 Sprague SM, Ross EA, Nath SD et al (2009) Lanthanum carbonate vs. sevelamer hydrochloride for the reduction of serum phosphorus in hemodialysis patients: a crossover study. Clin Nephrol 72:252–258 Gonzalez-Parra E, Gonzalez-Casaus ML, Galan A et al (2011) Lanthanum carbonate reduces FGF23 in chronic kidney disease Stage 3 patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant 26:2567–2571 D’Haese PC, Spasovski GB, Sikole A et al (2003) A multicenter study on the effects of lanthanum carbonate (Fosrenol) and calcium carbonate on renal bone disease in dialysis patients. Kidney Int Suppl 85:S73–S78 Lacour B, Lucas A, Auchère D et al (2005) Chronic renal failure is associated with increased tissue deposition of lanthanum after 28-day oral administration. Kidney Int 67:1062–1069 Hutchison AJ, Barnett ME, Krause R et al (2009) Lanthanum carbonate treatment, for up to 6 years, is not associated with adverse effects on the liver in patients with chronic kidney disease Stage 5 receiving hemodialysis. Clin Nephrol 71:286–295 Karamanidou C, Clatworthy J, Weinman J, Horne R (2008) A systematic review of the prevalence and determinants of nonadherence to phosphate binding medication in patients with end-stage renal disease. BMC Nephrol 9:2 Chiu YW, Teitelbaum I, Misra M et al (2009) Pill burden, adherence, hyperphosphatemia, and quality of life in maintenance dialysis patients. CJASN 4:1089–1096 Daugirdas JT, Chertow GM, Larive B et al (2012) Effects of frequent hemodialysis on measures of CKD mineral and bone disorder. JASN 23:727–738 Cheng SC, Young DO, Huang Y et al (2008) A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of niacinamide for reduction of phosphorus in hemodialysis patients. CJASN 3:1131–1138 Locatelli F, Dimkovic N, Pontoriero G et al (2010) Effect of MCI-196 on serum phosphate and cholesterol levels in haemodialysis patients with hyperphosphataemia: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Nephrol Dial Transplant 25:574–581 Geisser P, Philipp E (2010) PA21: a novel phosphate binder for the treatment of hyperphosphatemia in chronic kidney disease. Clin Nephrol 74:4–11 Umanath K, Sika M, Niecestro R et al (2012) Rationale and study design of a three-period, 58-week trial of ferric citrate as a phosphate binder in patients with ESRD on dialysis. Hemodial Int [Epub ahead of print] Savica V, Calò LA, Monardo P et al (2009) Salivary phosphate-binding chewing gum reduces hyperphosphatemia in dialysis patients. JASN 20:639–644