Phenotypic Plasticity, Biomass Allocation, and Biochemical Analysis of Cordyline Seedlings in Response to Oligo-Chitosan Foliar Spray
Tóm tắt
Cordyline is one of the most important indoor pot plants and has a high request in the global market. As a bio-stimulant, chitosan could be used to enhance the plant growth and productivity, despite the variation in growth analysis and phenotypic plasticity of several plant species in response to chitosan supplement. Cordyline seedlings were foliar sprayed with five concentrations of oligo-chitosan (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 mg L−1) for 4 months. Oligo-chitosan induced rapid growth of cordyline seedlings, in terms of larger specific leaf weight (SLW) and higher relative growth rate (RGRA), as well as improving the efficiency of plant photosynthesis (high net assimilation rate (NAR) or low specific leaf area (SLA)). Root growth rate (RGRR) has also increased by 89.13% with the application of 50 mg L−1 oligo-chitosan, which reflected on higher plant biomass (BM) in comparison to the control. Consequently, root biomass (RM) showed the greatest plasticity index (PPI) that enhanced growth, productivity, and quality as well as the marketability of cordyline seedlings. Foliar spray of 50 mg L−1 oligo-chitosan improved plant growth, root development, and plasticity index, resulted in increased quality and marketability of cordyline seedlings.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Ahmad I, Tanveer MU, Liaqat M, Doleb JM (2019) Comparison of corm soaks with preharvest foliar application of moringa leaf extract for improving growth and yield of cut Freesia hybrid. Sci Hortic 254:21–25
Algam SAE, Xie G, Li B, Yu S, Su T, Larsen J (2010) Effects of Paenibacillus strains on plant growth promotion and control Ralstonia wilt in tomato. J Plant Pathol 92:593–600
Al-Hetar MY, Zainal Abidin MA, Sariah M, Wong MY (2011) Antifungal activity of chitosan against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense. J Appl Polym Sci 120:2434–2439
Amin AA, Rashad EM, EL-Abagy HMH (2007) Physiological effect of indole-3-butyric acid and salicylic acid on growth, yield and chemical constituents of onion plants. J Appl Sci Res 3:1554–1563
Arnold PA, Kruuk LEB, Nicotra AB (2019) How to analyse plant phenotypic plasticity in response to a changing climate. New Phytol 222:1235–1241
Asghari-Zakaria R, Maleki-Zanjani B, Sedghi E (2009) Effect of in vitro chitosan application on growth and minituber yield of Solanum tuberosum L. Plant Soil Environ 55:252–254
Baque M, Shiragi A, Md HK, Lee EJ, Paek KY (2012) Elicitor effect of chitosan and pectin on the biosynthesis of anthraquinones, phenolics and favonoids in adventitious root suspension cultures of Morinda citrifolia (L.). Aust J Crop Sci 6:1349–1355
Barikloo H, Ahmadi E (2018) Shelf life extension of strawberry by temperatures conditioning, chitosan coating, modified atmosphere, and clay and silica nanocomposite packaging. Sci Hortic 240:496–508
Bautista-Baños S, Hernández-Lauzardo AN, Velázquez-del Valle MG, Hernández-López M, Ait Barka E, Bosquez-Molina E, Wilson CL (2006) Chitosan as a potential natural compound to control pre and postharvest diseases of horticultural commodities. Crop Prot 25:108–118
Bell L, Sultan SE (1999) Dynamic phenotypic plasticity for root growth in polygonum: a comparative study Daniela. Am J Bot 86:807–819
Bittelli M, Flury M, Campbell GS, Nichols EJ (2001) Reduction of transpiration through foliar application of chitosan. Agric Forest Meteorol 107:167–175
Bossdorf O, Lipowsky A, Prati D (2008) Selection of readapted populations allowed Senecio inaequidens to invade Central Europe. Divers Distrib 14:676–685
Caldwell M, Manwaring JH, Durham SL (1991) The microscale distribution of neighboring plant roots in fertile soil microsites. Funct Ecol 5:765–772
Cho M, Kim BY, Rhim JH (2003) Degradation of alginate solution and powder by gamma irradiation. Food Eng Prog 7: 141–145
Crick JC, Grime JP (1987) Morphological plasticity and mineral nutrient capture in two herbaceous species of contrasted ecology. New Phytol 107:403–414
Davey CB (1994) Soil fertility and management for culturing hardwood seedlings. In: Landis TD, Dumroese RK, technical coordinators. Forest and Conservation Nursery Associations: National Proceedings. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 38-49
DeMason DA, Wilson MA (1985) The continuity of primary and secondary growth in Cordyline terminalis (Agavaceae). Can J Bot 63:1907–1913
Dias AMA, Cortez AR, Barsan MM, Santos JB, Brett CMA, De Sousa HC (2013) Development of greener multi-responsive chitosan biomaterials doped with biocompatible ammonium ionic liquids. ACS Sustain Chem Eng 1:1480–1492
Drew MC, Saker LR (1978) Nutrient supply and the growth of the seminal root system in barley. III. Compensatory increases in growth of lateral roots, and in rates of phosphate uptake in response to a localized supply of phosphate. J Exp Bot 29:435–451
El-Hadrami A, Adam LR, El-Hadrami I, Daayf F (2010) Chitosan in plant protection. Mar Drugs 8:968–987
El-Hassni M, El-Hadrami A, Daayf F, Barka EA, El-Hadrami I (2004) Chitosan, antifungal product against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. albedinis and elicitor of defence reactions in date palm roots. Phytopathol Mediterr 43:195–204
El-Serafy RS (2015) Effect of silicon and calcium on productivity and flower quality of carnation. Ph.D. Thesis. Fac. Agric., Tanta Univ., Egypt
El-Serafy RS (2018) Growth and productivity of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) as affected by yeast and humic acid. SJFOP 5:195–203. https://doi.org/10.21608/sjfop.2018.18129
El-Serafy RS (2019) Silica nanoparticles enhances physio-biochemical characters and postharvest quality of Rosa hybrida L. cut flowers. J Hort Res 27:47–54. https://doi.org/10.2478/johr-2019-0006
El-Serafy RS, El-Sheshtawy AA (2017) Improving seed germination of Althaea rosea L. under salt stress by seed soaking with silicon and nano silicon. Egypt J Plant Breed 21:764–777
El-Serafy RS, El-Sheshtawy AA (2020) Effect of nitrogen fixing bacteria and moringa leaf extract on fruit yield, estragole content and total phenols of organic fennel. Sci Hortic 265. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2020.109209
El-Sheshtawy AA, El-Serafy RS (2016) Improving the postharvest quality of chrysanthemum cut flowers by natural preservative solution. Menoufia J Plant Prod 1:113–123
Enquist BJ, Niklas KJ (2002) Global allocation rules for patterns of biomass partitioning in seed plants. Sci 295:1517–1520
Ezell BD, Wilcox MS (1958) Sweet potato pigments, variation in carotene content of sweet potatoes. J Agric Food Chem 6:61–65
Farley RA, Fitter AH (1999) The response of seven co-occurring woodland herbaceous perennials to localized nutrient-rich patches. J Ecol 87:849–859
Fischer RA (1985) Number of kernels in wheat crops and the influence of solar radiation and temperature. J Agric Sci 105:447–461
Gomathi R, Rakkiyapan P (2011) Comparative lipid peroxidation, leaf membrane thermostability, and antioxidant system in four sugarcane genotypes differing in salt tolerance. Int J Plant Physiol Biochem 3:67–74
Guan YJ, Hu J, Wang XJ, Shao CX (2009) Seed priming with chitosan improves maize germination and seedling growth in relation to physiological changes under low temperature stress. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 10:427–433
Hadwiger LA (2013) Multiple effects of chitosan on plant systems: solid science or hype. Plant Sci 208:42–49
Hassan FAS, Fetouh MI (2019) Does moringa leaf extract have preservative effect improving the longevity and postharvest quality of gladiolus cut spikes? Sci Hortic 250:287–293
Hien QN (2004) Radiation processing of chitosan and some biological effects. IAEA-TECDOC-1422. IAEA, Vienna
Hill JO, Simpson RJ, Moore AD, Chapman DF (2006) Morphology and response of roots of pasture species to phosphorus and nitrogen nutrition. Plant Soil 286:1–2
Hodge A, Robinson D, Griffiths BS, Fitter AH (1999) Why plants bother: root proliferation results in increased nitrogen capture from an organic patch when two grasses compete. Plant Cell Environ 22:811–820
Hodgson JG, Montserrat-Martı’ G, Charles M, Jones G, Wilson P, Shipley B, Sharafi M, Cerabolini BEL, Cornelissen JHC, Band SR, Bogard A, Castro-Diez P, Guerrero-Campo J, Palmer C, Perez-Rontome MC, Carter G, Hynd A, Romo-Diez A, de Torres Espuny L, Royo Pla F et al (2011) Is leaf dry matter content a better predictor of soil fertility than specific leaf area? Ann Bot 108:1337–1345
Jackson RB, Caldwell MM (1989) Timing and degree of root proliferation in fertile-soil microsites of three cold-desert perennials. Oecologia 81:149–153
Jung WJ, Park RD (2014) Bioproduction of chitooligosaccharides: present and perspectives. Mar Drugs 12:5328–5356
Kananont N, Pichyangkura R, Chanprame S, Chadchawan S, Limpanavech P (2010) Chitosan specificity for in vitro seed germination of two Dendrobium orchids (Asparagales: Orchidaceae). Sci Hortic 124:239–247
Karimi S, Abbaspour H, Sinaki JM, Makarian H (2012) Effects of water deficit and chitosan spraying on osmotic adjustment and soluble protein of cultivars castor bean (Ricinus communis L.). J Stress Physiol Biochem 8:160–169
Katiyar D, Hemantaranjan A, Singh B (2015) Chitosan as a promising natural compound to enhance potential physiological responses in plant: a review. Indian J Plant Physiol 20:1–9
Katiyar D, Hemantaranjan A, Singh B, Bhanu AN (2014) A future perspective in crop protection: chitosan and its oligosaccharides. Advan Plants Agric Res 1:00006
Kauss H, Jeblick W, Domard A (1989) The degrees of polymerization and N-acetylation of chitosan determine its ability to elicit callose formation in suspension cells and protoplasts of Catharanthus roseus. Planta 178:385–392
Ke L, Xiang-Yang L, Lisha P (2001) Effects of carboxymethyl chitosan on key enzymes activities of nitrogen metabolism and grain protein contents in rice. J Hunan Agric Univ 27:421–424
Khan MH, Singha KLB, Panda SK (2002) Changes in antioxidant levels in Oryza sativa L. roots subjected to NaCl salinity stress. Acta Physiol Plant 24:145–148
Kim HJ, Chen F, Wang X, Rajapakse NC (2005) Effect of chitosan on the biological properties of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.). J Agric Food Chem 53:3696–3701
Kowalski B, Terry FJ, Herrera L, Peñalver DA (2006) Application of soluble chitosan in vitro and in the greenhouse to increase yield and seed quality of potato mini tubers. Potato Res, 49: 167–176. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11540-006-9015-0.
Kvet J, Ondok JP, Necas J, Jarvis PG (1971) Methods of growth analysis. In: Sestak Z, Catsky J, Jarvis PG, eds. Plant photosynthetic production: manual and methods. The Hague, 343–384
Lavergne S, Molofsky J (2007) Increased genetic variation and evolutionary potential drive the success of an invasive grass. Proc Natl Acad Sci 104:3883–3888
Limpanavech P, Chaiyasuta S, Vongpromek R, Pichyangkura R, Khunwasi C, Chadchawan S, Lotrakul P, Bunjongrat R, Chaidee A, Bangyeekhun T (2008) Chitosan effects on floral production, gene expression, and anatomical changes in the Dendrobium orchid. Sci Hortic 116:65–72
Lopez-Moya F, Escudero N, Zavala-Gonzalez EA, Esteve-Bruna D, Blázquez MA, Alabadí D, Lopez-Llorca LV (2017) Induction of auxin biosynthesis and WOX5 repression mediate changes in root development in Arabidopsis exposed to chitosan. Sci Rep 7:16813
Luan LQ, Ha VTT, Nagasawa N, Kume T, Yoshii F, Nakanishi TM (2005) Biological effect of irradiated chitosan on plants in vitro. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 41:49–57
McDonald S, Prenzler PD, Antolovich M, Robards K (2001) Phenolic content and antioxidant activity of olive extracts. Food Chem 73:73–74
Mourya VK, Inamdar N, Choudhari YM (2011) Chitooligosaccharides: synthesis, characterization and applications. Polym Sci Ser A 53:583–612
Muley AB, Shingote PR, Patila AP, Dalvi SG, Suprasanna P (2019) Gamma radiation degradation of chitosan for application in growth promotion and induction of stress tolerance in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). Carbohydr Polym 210:289–301
Nahar SJ, Kazuhiko S, Haque SM (2012) Effect of polysaccharides including elicitors on organogenesis in protocorm-like body (PLB) of Cymbidium insigne in vitro. J Agric Sci Technol 2:1029–1033
Nge KL, Nwe N, Chandrkrachang S, Stevens WF (2006) Chitosan as a growth stimulator in orchid tissue culture. Plant Sci 170:1185–1190
Nwachukwu OI, Pulford ID (2009) Soil immobilization and ryegrass uptake of lead, copper and zinc as affected by application of organic materials as soil amendments in a short-term greenhouse trial. Soil Use Manag 25:159–167
Obsuwan K, Sawangsri K, Uthairatanakij A (2010) Influence of foliar chitosan sprays on growth of mokara and phalaenopsis seedlings. Acta Hortic 878:295–301
Ohta K, Taniguchi A, Konishi N, Hosoki T (1999) Chitosan treatment affects plant growth and flower quality in Eustoma grandiflorum. HortSci 34:233–234
Parađiković N, Zeljković S, Tkalec M, Vinković T, Maksimović I, Haramija J (2017) Influence of biostimulant application on growth, nutrient status and proline concentration of begonia transplants. Biol Agric Hortic 33:89–96. https://doi.org/10.1080/01448765.2016.1205513
Pearce RB, Brown RH, Balster RE (1968) Photosynthesis of alfalfa leaves as influenced by age and environment. Crop Sci 8:677–680
Poorter H, Van Der Werf A (1998) Is inherent variation in RGR determined by LAR at low irradiance and by NAR at high irradiance? A review of herbaceous species. Inherent Variation in Plant Growth 309-336
Power JF, Willis WO, Grunes DL (1967) Effect of soil temperature, P and plant age on growth analysis of barley. Agron J 18:459–463
Pregitzer KS, Hendrick RL, Fogel R (1993) The demography of fine roots in response to patches of water and nitrogen. New Phytol 125:575–580
Radford PJ (1967) Growth analysis formulae-their use and abuse. Crop Sci 7:171–175
Ramakrishna R, Sarkar D, Manduri A, Iyer SG, Shetty K (2017) Improving phenolic bioactive-linked anti-hyperglycemic functions of dark germinated barley sprouts (Hordeum vulgare L.) using seed elicitation strategy. J Food Sci Technol 54:3666–3678
Roberts P, Jones DL (2012) Microbial and plant uptake of free amino sugars in grassland soils. Soil Biol Biochem 49:139–149
Salachna P, Zawadzińska A (2014) Effect of chitosan on plant growth, flowering and corms yield of potted freesia. J Ecol Eng 15:97–102
Sandford PA, Hutchings GP (1987) Chitosan—a natural, cationic biopolymer: commercial applications. In: Yapalma M, eds. Industrial polysaccharides: genetic engineering, structure/property relations and applications. Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 363–376
Sheikha SAAK, Al-Malki FM (2011) Growth and chlorophyll responses of bean plants to the chitosan applications. Eur J Plant Pathol 50:124–134
Shibuya N, Minami E (2001) Oligosaccharide signalling for defence responses in plant. Physiol Mol Plant Pathol 59:223–233
Spiegel Y, Kafkafi U, Pressman E (1988) Evaluation of a protein-chitin derivative of crustacean shells as a slow-release nitrogen fertilizer on Chinese cabbage. J Hortic Sci 63:621–627
Stamford NP, Felix F, Oliveira W, Silva E, Carolina S, Arnaud T, Freitas AD (2019) Interactive effectiveness of microbial fertilizer enriched in N on lettuce growth and on characteristics of an Ultisol of the rainforest region. Sci Hortic 247:242–246. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2018.12.028
Steel RGD, Torrie JH (1960) Principles and procedures of statistics. McGraw-Hill Book New York
Şűkran D, GÜnes T, Sivaci R (1998) Spectrophotometric determination of chlorophyll-A, B and total carotenoid content of some Algae species using different solvents. Turk J Bot 22:13–17
Tantasawat P, Wannajindaporn A, Chantawaree C, Wangpunga C, Poomsom K, Sorntip A (2010) Chitosan stimulates growth of micropropagated Dendrobium plantlets. Acta Hortic 878:205–212
Uthairatanakij A, Teixeira da Silva JA, Obsuwan K (2007) Chitosan for improving orchid production and quality. Orchid Sci Biotechnol 1:1–5
Valladares F, Wright SJ, Lasso E, Kitajima K, Pearcy RW (2000) Plastic phenotypic response to light of 16 congeneric shrubs from a Panamanian rainforest. Ecol 81:1925–1936
Valluru R, Link J, Claupein W (2012) Consequences of early chilling stress in two Triticum species: plastic responses and adaptive significance. Plant Biol 14:641–651
Wanichpongpan P, Suriyachan K, Chandrkrachang S (2001) Effect of chitosan on the growth of gerbera flower plant (Gerbera jamesonii). In Uragami T, Kurita K, Fukamizo T. eds. Chitin and chitosan in life science. Yamaguchi, 198–201
Watson DJ (1958) Leaf growth in relation to crop yield. In: Mithorpe FL, ed. The growth of leaves. Butterworths London, 178–194
Weatherley PE (1950) Studies in the water relations of the cotton plant. 1. The field measurements of water deficit in leaves. New Phytol 49:81–97
Williams RF (1946) The physiology of plant growth with special relation reference to the concept of net assimilation rate. Ann Bot 10:41–72
Wolf FT (1956) Changes in chlorophylls a and b in autumn leaves. Am J Bot 43:714–718
Xia W, Liu P, Zhang J, Chen J (2011) Biological activities of chitosan and chitooligosaccharides. Food Hydrocoll 25:170–179
Yan B, Dai Q, Liu X, Huang S, Wang Z (1996) Flooding-induced membrane damage, lipid oxidation and activated oxygen generation in corn leaves. Plant Soil 179:261–268
Yen MT, Mau JL (2007) Selected physical properties of chitin prepared from shiitake stipes. LWT-Food Sci Technol 40:558–563
Zeng D, Luo X (2012) Physiological effects of chitosan coating on wheat growth and activities of protective enzyme with drought tolerance. Open J Soil Sci 2:282–288
Zhou J, Qin F, Su J, Liao J, Xu H (2011) Purification of formaldehyde-polluted air by indoor plants of Araceae, Agavaceae and Liliaceae. J Food Agric Environ 9:1012–1018
Zou JW, Rogers WE, Siemann E (2009) Plasticity of Sapium sebiferum seedling growth to light and water resources: inter- and intraspecific comparisons. Basic Appl Ecol 10:79–88
Zou P, Li K, Liu S, Xing R, Qin Y, Yu H, Zhou M, Li P (2015) Effect of chitooligosaccharides with different degrees of acetylation on wheat seedlings under salt stress. Carbohydr Polym 126:62–69
Zuppini A, Baldan B, Millioni R, Favaron F, Navazio L, Mariani P (2003) Chitosan induces Ca2+-mediated programmed cell death in soybean cells. New Phytol 161:557–568
Żurawik P, Bartkowiak A (2009) Wpływ chitozanu na cechy morfologiczne frezji z grupy Beach. Zesz. Probl. Post. Nauk Roln 539: 831–837